No Catholic Monarchs

Can anyone tell me if it was possible for Pope Sixtus IV to issue a bull declaring Ferdinand and Isabella's marriage invalid? The marriage was rather dodgy since Isabella had promised in writing not to marry without her brother, Enrique IV's permission, and her marriage to Ferdinand was to a cousin (AFAIK without the due dispensation (which IMHO is the reason why they were so ready to make sure the due process was followed with Catherine of Aragon's remarriage).).
And were Sixtus to declare the marriage unlawful, what would the fallout be?
 
Bullae aren't used as such. They can allow or make void unions that were legit in first place : if the union between Trastamare wasn't considered as such (they didn't had the technically mandatory dispense), there's no need for a bulla.

Furthermore, canonically at least, only the consent of the directly concerned people is needed : whatever the brother is happy with or not, plays little *canonically*.

Now, would Sixtus IV try to enforce the break of the union? I doubt it : Rome was in conflict with France at this point, and he needed Napolitan support (or at least, the kingdom not falling in french control) as he also managed to piss greatly the central italian statelets.

A pro-french pope (It would be hard to have, honestly, but doable) could try that, but I doubt it would be followed by effect in Spain.
 
What would happen to their children in such a scenario? As LSCatalina mentioned, a marriage would only have needed the consent of both parties, but Enrique would now be sitting with not one but two ineligible successors - his reportedly bastard daughter, and his sister who was married to the enemy.
 
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