The People's Republic of Britain
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Late in the 19th century, the period later known as
Pax Britannica begins to fall apart. Following a narrow defeat in the Crimean War, Britain's power wanes as Russia begins to fill the power vacuum left by other declining empires. France also begins to expand its empire. A political revolution within the Empire sees the rise of a Marxist-style government in the British Isles. The royal family, pursued by the new government, flees to Canada to rule what is left of the Empire - Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and other smaller settlements. The new government in the British Isles, known as the British Commonwealth, is slowly pulled into the sphere of the rising German Empire.
The first World War kicks off much as it did in OTL, with the British Commonwealth entering on the side of the Central Powers and the British Empire siding with the Allied Powers. The Allies win the war, and de facto rule of the British Isles is returned to the Empire, but the royal family remains in Canada while the Isles are subjected to sanctions from the war. The harsh sanctions lead to a radicalization of the governments Germnay and the British Isles, as well as their allies in Italy and Japan.
World War II begins in the late 1930's. Once again, the Empire and the Commonwealth are on opposing sides. The Commonwealth sides with the Axis - Germany, Italy, and Japan. The Empire joins the Allies - France, the Soviet Union, China, and later the United States. The war drags on for several years as the Allies struggle to gain a foothold in Western Europe. During this time, the British Empire falls apart, as India and South Africa declare independence. Canada, Australia, and New Zealand are all that is left of the Empire. At the greatest extent, the Axis Powers controlled almost all of France as well as Central and Eastern Europe, in addition to the British Isles and much of the Mediterranean. The Allies were eventually able to gain footholds in the British Isles, and then liberate France. The development of the atomic bomb by American and Imperial British scientists in the late 1940's led to the end of the war.
After the war, most of the Axis Powers were divided and stripped of their armies. Japan lost all of its Pacific territories, and was forced to return control of Manchuria to China. Italy was spared most harsh sanctions due to their exit late in the war. Germany was divided in four, and divvied up between the Soviets, France, the US, and Imperial Britain. The subject of the British Isles was hotly debated. While Imperial Britain wanted them returned to the Empire, the US and the Soviets argued that the Empire had not been able to control them after the last world war. This debate was interrupted by a short-lived revolt within Great Britain. Eventually, the Isles were divided. Ireland was made an independent republic, and the Isle of Man, the Orkney Islands, and the Shetland Islands were made internationally governed territories. Great Britain was divided at the 53° 30' parallel, the north being controlled by the Soviets and the south by the Americans. Plans for reunification fell apart when the two halves could not agree on a government. Eventually the United States established the Republic of Great Britain (RGB), colloquially known as South Britain. The Soviet Union quickly followed with the establishment of the People's Republic of Britain (PRB), also known as North Britain. The mid-1960's saw a short war between the two where the North invaded the South. The new borders included the city of Manchester going to the North, as well as the eastern half of the Liverpool metro. A demilitarized zone was also established to lower tensions.
Each of the Britains fell into their respective spheres. South Britain became increasingly capitalist and generally backed the United States on international issues. South Britain also fostered close ties with France, Italy, and West Germany. South Britain reconciled with Imperial Britain and was de facto part of the Empire, but the royal family remained in Canada because of tensions with the North. North Britain became a supporter of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. However, an evolved communistic ideology promoting self-sufficiency saw North Britain close itself off to the rest of the world.
Not much is known about what happened in North Britain in the following decades. A cult of personality evolved around the 'Leader' of the country, and his son and grandson that came after him. Most food and technology is manufactured within the country's borders, and the infrastructure that once held the country together is falling apart. It is said that the North now has nuclear weapons, and Irish and South British intelligence shows that there have been some missile tests by North Britain in the North Atlantic. Both the North and the South sent delegates to the United Nations in the 1990's.
On the map, the stars represent current and former American and Soviet military bases. To the left are the flags of the three nations. The PRB's flag combines the English and Scottish flags, eliminating the Irish flag. The RGB's flag combines the English and Welsh flags.