Perhaps Russia could whiten more of it's territory? If the Whites had won the post-WW1 civil war and instituted a fascist/theocratic regime, maybe we would have seen ethnic cleansing or outright genocide of Muslim populations.
Realistically, only temperate climes with sparse and non-sedentary indigenous populations can become white settlement colonies.
Intervention by who? I can't see the capitalist powers being so sentimental that they'd back leftist revolutionaries to protect said Muslims. They turned a blind eye to imperialist butchery in real history, after all.The Muslim population of Russia primarily live in one elatively large highly concentrated area, any attempt at Genocide would lead to mass rebellion in Caucasia and would more than likely lead to the Civil War starting back-up and possible intervention.
Intervention by who? I can't see the capitalist powers being so sentimental that they'd back leftist revolutionaries to protect said Muslims. They turned a blind eye to imperialist butchery in real history, after all.
As for the rebellion in Azerbaijan, I feel confident that the Russians could handle it. The Israelis* managed to pull of comparable ethnic cleansing of Palestinians despite having far less of an "edge" then the Russians would have.
A neutral Italy in WW2 could probably do it. I remember reading that under Mussolinni's Fourth Shore program Libya was projected to be majority Italian by 1960. When fascism inevitably falls its hard to predict whether Libya will become an indepedent majority Italian nation or if it remains part of Italy proper. I see the same thing happening with Eritrea but Ethiopia and Somalia are unachievable imo.
A less self-conscious and stable Spain releases Cuba as a dominion to ward off American advances?
Peru remains loyal to Spain in the 1820s and are rewarded a generation later with dominionship?
If the Italians manage to establish their Fourth Shore, I doubt the white population would push for dominionship unless Italy messes them about - they're going to be surrounded by free republics decidedly upset by the displacement of the native Libyans.
If Italy were neutral in WWII and the Fourth Shore proposition did take hold, would there not also be scope for many French to actual evacuate in wartime to Algeria and then remain there after the War bolstering the numbers of Ethnic French in Algeria or even Tunisia. Making those states more ethnically diverse postwar probably with earlier calls for autonomous self government as well. The percentage of Europeans would never get as high as in Libya, but they could become a more important political voice within these post war states.
the pieds-noirs in algeria were already on top with less then 10% of the population so increasing would change little. That being said, unless you have a MASSIVE french immigration to Algeria (it had about 10 million in the early 20th century), I don't think it could count as a white dominion unless we're talking in the same way as south africa.
But excluding something like that, which leads to a Rhodesian Siege state almost immediately, the Pied Noir had a very slight chance of succeeding.