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IOTL, Southern Italy was consolidated into the Kingdom of Naples/Sicily under the Normans relatively early on. Earlier states like Benevento, Amalfi, Capua, Salerno, and Apulia+Calabria fell under one ruler. What if these states continued to act de facto independently? What if the prevalence of the city-state form of government was also felt in the Mezzogiorno? Could we see the development of new language divides? How would this affect the politics of the region? What cities/towns could you see developing independently? (Amalfi is an obvious one as is Naples, but some less expected ones might be interesting too!)
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