Mongols in the Americas

1301 – 1307: Largo

1301 – 1307: Largo

The next several years were mostly quiet and peaceful.

OrunErgül:

Gung-bey-e settled down to building a strong and viable community on the plains. Exploration continued, crops were planted and harvested, herds expanded and trade flourished. Suitable clays for ceramic production had been located, the plentiful tanaha’ provided meat and hide that reduced the need to slaughter cattle and sheep for food, so the production of wool and dairy was not limited by the butchering of their own livestock.

The increasing number of horses in their herd allowed more time to be spent turning their children into horsemen. Older boys now frequently joined the Mongol men in the hunt and were quickly learning the skills of the horse archer. Even the older girls were learning to ride. Their Ngöbe mothers for the most part preferred the relative comfort of carts and wagons, but their daughters had found the freedom on the back of a horse alluring. The Khan encouraged this interest although more effort was spent training the boys.

Relations with the Yatasi continued to flourish. Trade, joint hunts, shared festivals, commercial voyages along the rivers and teaching of new skills cemented the bond these two peoples had established. A common pidgin was developing combining aspects of Caddo, Mongol and Ngöbe languages which greatly facilitated communications between the two communities. Dehahuit’s people now had growing herds of livestock themselves and their fields were producing increased yields of maize as well as other crops, some old and familiar and others new and exotic. Gung-bey-e had even given a small number of horses to the Caddi as a personal gift; thereby further strengthening Dehahuit’s standing in the Caddo community. The True Caddi felt somewhat slighted, but he had kept himself above contact with the newcomers and since the horses were a gift from man to man, not people to people, he felt it would be improper to show envy.

The Yatasi had always been renowned for the quality and strength of their bows, which were a major source of trade, but they had witnessed the range and power of the smaller Mongol bows and made efforts to duplicate them. They had limited success, not realizing the importance of the combining of different materials to achieve the necessary strength. The Mongols were flattered by the attempted imitation and, remembering the siege of Alagh and the effect of the Mayan versions, which were quite good, spread the belief that the power came from the Mongol spirits and that the Yatasi were otherwise making the bows correctly.

This story was having an unexpected effect on the Yatasi. The Mongol, Ngöbe and Caddo all shared a common underlying belief that the world was full of spirits. Everything was a manifestation of either the spirits or their work; mountains, rivers, trees, rocks, clouds, rain, wind, grass, the sun, moon and sky itself. Spirits were everywhere, benevolent, malign and indifferent in their attitudes toward man.

The Yatasi shamans and medicine folk had recognized this commonality, but also saw a distinct difference. There were some among the Mongols who seemed to move a bit above the spiritual plain of the rest. They were wise, thoughtful, less prone to extremes, and moved easily among the different beliefs, respecting them, but not necessarily following them. Now led by Shīfù, the Buddhist monks seemed to have more influence than their number could account for. There were only a handful in OrunErgül, but they seemed to always be present. The people sought them out as mediators and advisors, teachers and doctors, councilors and comforters. The Khan himself was rarely without the company of Shīfù and clearly paid great attention to his council.

The Yatasi holy men had observed the monks in meditation and recognized that it was akin to the trances they sometimes engaged in, but unlike their experiences it was a quiet and peaceful event, both spiritually and physically. The monks seemed not to be inhabited by spirits as the shamans frequently were, but to be somewhere else entirely, their body patiently awaiting their return.

There was none of the drama and spectacle of the shaman’s magic in the monks either, although they did possess one skill that the shamans could only describe as magical, and powerfully magical indeed. The marks and lines they made, looking so much like the scratching of animals in the dirt. A monk in Natchitoches could listen to the Caddi, make some marks on a piece of wood and send it to the Khan. The Khan’s monk would look at the piece of wood and repeat the words and thoughts of the Caddi as if the two men were sitting next to each other.

The Bows had magic, there was magic in the scratches, and there must have been magic in the monks.

The recognition of the magic and influence of the monks lead to a sharing of religious ideas and the Yatasi spirit world met the Buddha. It was a peaceful and extended introduction without structure or program, based on casual conversation between monk and shaman, questions asked and answered, observations made and understood, beliefs questioned and explained. Part of it was also the sharing of magic as the shamans and medicine folk began to learn the secrets of writing and reading.

Secrets were not only being shared but each people were keeping some for themselves.

Dehahuit did not share all the knowledge he received from the Mongols with the True Caddi. Some secrets were kept for the unique benefit of the Yatasi. As the quality and value of their pottery increased, the other Caddo were mystified as to the new techniques employed by the Yatasi. They wondered at the increased fertility of Yatasi fields and the new foods the Yatasi ate and traded. Dehahuit, for his part tried to keep the Mongols shielded from the influence and interest of the True Caddi. Dehahuit’s importance and prestige had risen because of his contact with the Mongols and he did not necessarily want to share more than was necessary, so he limited the contact between the Caddo and the Mongols as best he could.

Gung-bey-e was keeping his own secrets, other than the “magic” behind the compound bow. The biggest of these, the great state secret, came into existence in 1303. That spring, after heavy rains and the seasonal floods, the Mongols discovered iron in the river valley, not two days ride from OrunErgül. More valuable to them than gold or silver, the existence of the deposit was hidden from the Yatasi as the Mongols began the process of re-arming themselves appropriately. The Khan’s motive was self preservation. He knew the Yatasi were partners, but he also knew that partnerships break-up. The Yatasi vastly outnumbered the Mongols so the Mongols had to be vastly better armed…just in case.

With iron came steel and with steel came durable swords, metal arrowheads, armor, strong shields. With iron also came better tools, more tools, more effective farming, and better pots for cooking. Eventually, with iron came better trade…but not yet.

At the age of 21 Gung-bey-e took his first wife. Narantsetseg was the oldest daughter of a Ngöbe woman whose first husband had died, like the Khans real father, during the plagues. Her mother had later been taken by a Mongol horseman and metal-smith as his wife and her children adopted as his own. She was 16 when she married the Khan in the presence of all of OrunErgül amid great festivity and celebration.

In June of 1306, Cakilceleger was born. The first son of Gung-bey-e.

Mayapan and Alagh:

This period was also quiet in the lands of the Mayans. Ahau Cuat Cocom was overseeing the exploration and integration of the technologies and skills he had inherited from the Yuan invaders. The bow had been improved, roads were being widened to accommodate ox carts, pastures for the cattle they had captured were enclosed, and carpets of wool were beginning to cover the floors of his palace. Bronze tools were beginning to supplant many stone and bone tools because of the superior casting techniques they had learned and pottery was becoming not only more beautiful, but of higher quality and function as well.

A herd of horses was carefully being bred by his Mongol and Uyghur captives. The captives themselves were increasingly part of the population, adopting Mayan ways, at first to survive, but then to prosper. Mayan warriors were learning to ride and the king already had an elite mounted guard, small but present. The pace of construction in the cities of the league had increased with the introduction and adoption of the wheel, as well and the improved copper and bronze tools. His magicians were experimenting with gunpowder in it’s simplest forms and several had accidentally committed suicide.

Mayan carpenters were having problems understanding Asian shipbuilding, particularly since there was no iron available. The King would not let any of the arms captured from the Mongols be melted down nor the existing ships dismantled. It was slow and tedious work, but eventually they achieved some sort of success and launched the first Mayan built sailing vessel. It was held together by wooden pegs and lashing and was not as long as their trading canoes, but it had greater draft and broader beam and was capable of carrying as much as two of the canoes. In the right weather, it could travel faster both up and down wind. As wonderful as it was, they knew it was far from the ships which had carried the Mongols on their exodus.

Ah Kom Xiu in Alagh was in a better position, largely because of the efforts of the Mongols before their expulsion. His city was still under construction and was progressively less Asian and more Mayan in character, but it would never look 100% Mayan. The remnants of Songghumal’s city: the rectangular grid of streets, the shape of the towers, the height and thickness of the walls, and the tiles on the roofs and floors would forever mark it’s foreign ancestry.

The King, pre-occupied as he was with his own integration efforts, had left his governor on a very long leash. Xiu was assiduous in making sure the King was happy with his new conquest, but was also very carefully enhancing his own prestige and power. He too had his horses and cattle, cared for by the Ngöbe villagers. The presence of many Uyghur and Chinese craftsmen who had been loath to leave their families with the Khan meant that much did not have to be figured out. His carts were better; tools were better, pottery better, textiles better than those of Mayapan. He actually had shipwrights and smiths, something he was careful not to brag about.

A brisk trade had developed centered on Alagh. Cargoes from both seas passed through it’s markets and he and the Mayans who had emigrated to Alagh prospered and grew rich. As his power grew, many of his relatives quietly re-located to the city from their homes in the Yucatan to the Isthmus. There were those who remained, those who already had power and connections, but Xiu plied them with gifts and favorable trade concessions.

He also cultivated the Ngöbe by keeping the hand of the King from weighing too heavily on them. Their villages blossomed into towns with stone buildings and tile roofs. The shamans built temples at holy sites that had previously been marked with symbolic stone piles or thatch shelters. The Mongol settlement of Asi Ügei grew and became the primary port on the other sea, mostly inhabited by Ngöbe.

Mu-ri Ti-ed-eba had established himself at Asi and many of his folk had joined him there. They proved to be excellent merchants and became particularly adept at seamanship. They had been coastal fishermen before the arrival of the Khan and were quick to learn from the Asian expatriates still among them. In time, they would become the most accomplished seamen in the other sea.

Chan Chan and Cuzco:

The Empire of Chimor had become awash in commerce. Goods traveled the length and breadth of the land and beyond, into the endless forests east of the mountains as well as south beyond the lands of civilized men. Fresh fish from the cold waters of the sea were served in the highest cities and ice from the heights cooled the Dōngbù Emperors bedchamber.

Zi Yi had begun to rebuild Chan Chan in wood and stone. The city, as beautiful as it was, had been originally constructed of mud. The refurbishment of much of the city after the rainy season was an annual and expensive task. Moreover, the city was largely composed of walled precincts which were the home and stronghold of the powerful families. The Emperor, always aware that he was a conqueror and not one of the local race, was careful to retain the style and motifs of the old capitol. Where Chinese sensibilities prevailed, he compromised by clothing them in Chimor dress or by applying Chinese ornament to Chimor designs. The city became something new, a hybrid of Asian organization and principals that would always be recognizable as a Chimor city.

With time, the Emperor also took an Empress, Pillcu Ocllo, the daughter of Mayta Cápac. In the Inca princess he had found a kindred soul who shared many of his values. During the time she had been at the Emperor’s court she had demonstrated wisdom, discretion and compassion. She had also shown that when she felt strongly about something she was more than capable of presenting her position with compelling logic. She had rapidly learned to speak Chinese and was well on her way to reading and writing. She had also learned to ride and even to use a bow.

To Zi Yi, her talents, skills, adventurousness and grace combined into a most appealing woman. Her beauty only added to the pleasure he experienced in her company.

The young Pillcu, for her part, was attracted to the exotic, powerful, and handsome man of 35. She was not intimidated by his title, after all, she was the daughter of the King of Cuzco, but she admired the dignity, intelligence and foresight with which he ruled his empire. She also recognized and appreciated the attention he gave her and the value he placed on her thoughts.

Both knew that this marriage was not only a personal demonstration of their feelings, but a powerful diplomatic symbol of the bond between Chan Chan and Cuzco, Zi Yi and Mayta Cápac.

Beyond the capitol, Chimor hegemony expanded at a rapid pace. Many cities near the frontier petitioned to join the empire in order to share its wealth and protection. Stronger and more distant lands sought the Emperor’s favor in order to avoid being swallowed up or to fend off enemies. The borders were in a state of continuous change, always expanding.

Mayta Cápac extended his rule to the shores of the sacred lake and beyond, laying claim to the entire region and the valleys that lead to the borders of Chimor. Roads were built to accommodate carts and the growing caravans of llamas bearing trade between the lands. He had yet to gain access to the Emperor’s iron however and his ability to capitalize on new technologies was limited. What iron and steel he did have was due to the generosity of Zi Yi. His hope was that the situation would change once Pillcu was the Emperors consort.

He did exploit the skills of Xin Du Xian, the Chimor Ambassador. The King wanted the book that the Emperor had given to him to be copied and distributed to his nobles, as a demonstration of the respect shared between the two monarchs. Mayta Cápac had many artists at his disposal, but they could not produce the faithful copies he wanted. They were unfamiliar with the materials being used and the purpose of the strange symbols was unknown to them. The King appealed to Xin Du Xian for his assistance and the monk began to train a cadre of scribes to reproduce the gift of the Emperor.

In this way, to satisfy the ego of a king, writing came to the Inca people. With the example of the book of Zi Yi, they quickly discovered it’s value as a means of recording events and thoughts as well as talleys of goods being traded and the keeping of accounts.

When the copies were completed and given to the nobles with great ceremony, Mayta Cápac lead a procession to the home of his father, Lloque Yupanque. There, he placed a copy on the lap of his father’s mummy. It was also at the feet of his dead father that it occurred to him to have a record of the accomplishments of his reign and that of his forefathers written down, and in 1306 the first written history of the Inca people was begun, by the scribes who trained under Xin Du Xian.
 
1301 – 1307: Largo

The next several years were mostly quiet and peaceful.

OrunErgül:

Gung-bey-e settled down to building a strong and viable community on the plains. Exploration continued, crops were planted and harvested, herds expanded and trade flourished. Suitable clays for ceramic production had been located, the plentiful tanaha’ provided meat and hide that reduced the need to slaughter cattle and sheep for food, so the production of wool and dairy was not limited by the butchering of their own livestock.

The increasing number of horses in their herd allowed more time to be spent turning their children into horsemen. Older boys now frequently joined the Mongol men in the hunt and were quickly learning the skills of the horse archer. Even the older girls were learning to ride. Their Ngöbe mothers for the most part preferred the relative comfort of carts and wagons, but their daughters had found the freedom on the back of a horse alluring. The Khan encouraged this interest although more effort was spent training the boys.

Relations with the Yatasi continued to flourish. Trade, joint hunts, shared festivals, commercial voyages along the rivers and teaching of new skills cemented the bond these two peoples had established. A common pidgin was developing combining aspects of Caddo, Mongol and Ngöbe languages which greatly facilitated communications between the two communities. Dehahuit’s people now had growing herds of livestock themselves and their fields were producing increased yields of maize as well as other crops, some old and familiar and others new and exotic. Gung-bey-e had even given a small number of horses to the Caddi as a personal gift; thereby further strengthening Dehahuit’s standing in the Caddo community. The True Caddi felt somewhat slighted, but he had kept himself above contact with the newcomers and since the horses were a gift from man to man, not people to people, he felt it would be improper to show envy.

The Yatasi had always been renowned for the quality and strength of their bows, which were a major source of trade, but they had witnessed the range and power of the smaller Mongol bows and made efforts to duplicate them. They had limited success, not realizing the importance of the combining of different materials to achieve the necessary strength. The Mongols were flattered by the attempted imitation and, remembering the siege of Alagh and the effect of the Mayan versions, which were quite good, spread the belief that the power came from the Mongol spirits and that the Yatasi were otherwise making the bows correctly.

This story was having an unexpected effect on the Yatasi. The Mongol, Ngöbe and Caddo all shared a common underlying belief that the world was full of spirits. Everything was a manifestation of either the spirits or their work; mountains, rivers, trees, rocks, clouds, rain, wind, grass, the sun, moon and sky itself. Spirits were everywhere, benevolent, malign and indifferent in their attitudes toward man.

The Yatasi shamans and medicine folk had recognized this commonality, but also saw a distinct difference. There were some among the Mongols who seemed to move a bit above the spiritual plain of the rest. They were wise, thoughtful, less prone to extremes, and moved easily among the different beliefs, respecting them, but not necessarily following them. Now led by Shīfù, the Buddhist monks seemed to have more influence than their number could account for. There were only a handful in OrunErgül, but they seemed to always be present. The people sought them out as mediators and advisors, teachers and doctors, councilors and comforters. The Khan himself was rarely without the company of Shīfù and clearly paid great attention to his council.

The Yatasi holy men had observed the monks in meditation and recognized that it was akin to the trances they sometimes engaged in, but unlike their experiences it was a quiet and peaceful event, both spiritually and physically. The monks seemed not to be inhabited by spirits as the shamans frequently were, but to be somewhere else entirely, their body patiently awaiting their return.

There was none of the drama and spectacle of the shaman’s magic in the monks either, although they did possess one skill that the shamans could only describe as magical, and powerfully magical indeed. The marks and lines they made, looking so much like the scratching of animals in the dirt. A monk in Natchitoches could listen to the Caddi, make some marks on a piece of wood and send it to the Khan. The Khan’s monk would look at the piece of wood and repeat the words and thoughts of the Caddi as if the two men were sitting next to each other.

The Bows had magic, there was magic in the scratches, and there must have been magic in the monks.

The recognition of the magic and influence of the monks lead to a sharing of religious ideas and the Yatasi spirit world met the Buddha. It was a peaceful and extended introduction without structure or program, based on casual conversation between monk and shaman, questions asked and answered, observations made and understood, beliefs questioned and explained. Part of it was also the sharing of magic as the shamans and medicine folk began to learn the secrets of writing and reading.

Secrets were not only being shared but each people were keeping some for themselves.

Dehahuit did not share all the knowledge he received from the Mongols with the True Caddi. Some secrets were kept for the unique benefit of the Yatasi. As the quality and value of their pottery increased, the other Caddo were mystified as to the new techniques employed by the Yatasi. They wondered at the increased fertility of Yatasi fields and the new foods the Yatasi ate and traded. Dehahuit, for his part tried to keep the Mongols shielded from the influence and interest of the True Caddi. Dehahuit’s importance and prestige had risen because of his contact with the Mongols and he did not necessarily want to share more than was necessary, so he limited the contact between the Caddo and the Mongols as best he could.

Gung-bey-e was keeping his own secrets, other than the “magic” behind the compound bow. The biggest of these, the great state secret, came into existence in 1303. That spring, after heavy rains and the seasonal floods, the Mongols discovered iron in the river valley, not two days ride from OrunErgül. More valuable to them than gold or silver, the existence of the deposit was hidden from the Yatasi as the Mongols began the process of re-arming themselves appropriately. The Khan’s motive was self preservation. He knew the Yatasi were partners, but he also knew that partnerships break-up. The Yatasi vastly outnumbered the Mongols so the Mongols had to be vastly better armed…just in case.

With iron came steel and with steel came durable swords, metal arrowheads, armor, strong shields. With iron also came better tools, more tools, more effective farming, and better pots for cooking. Eventually, with iron came better trade…but not yet.

At the age of 21 Gung-bey-e took his first wife. Narantsetseg was the oldest daughter of a Ngöbe woman whose first husband had died, like the Khans real father, during the plagues. Her mother had later been taken by a Mongol horseman and metal-smith as his wife and her children adopted as his own. She was 16 when she married the Khan in the presence of all of OrunErgül amid great festivity and celebration.

In June of 1306, Cakilceleger was born. The first son of Gung-bey-e.

Mayapan and Alagh:

This period was also quiet in the lands of the Mayans. Ahau Cuat Cocom was overseeing the exploration and integration of the technologies and skills he had inherited from the Yuan invaders. The bow had been improved, roads were being widened to accommodate ox carts, pastures for the cattle they had captured were enclosed, and carpets of wool were beginning to cover the floors of his palace. Bronze tools were beginning to supplant many stone and bone tools because of the superior casting techniques they had learned and pottery was becoming not only more beautiful, but of higher quality and function as well.

A herd of horses was carefully being bred by his Mongol and Uyghur captives. The captives themselves were increasingly part of the population, adopting Mayan ways, at first to survive, but then to prosper. Mayan warriors were learning to ride and the king already had an elite mounted guard, small but present. The pace of construction in the cities of the league had increased with the introduction and adoption of the wheel, as well and the improved copper and bronze tools. His magicians were experimenting with gunpowder in it’s simplest forms and several had accidentally committed suicide.

Mayan carpenters were having problems understanding Asian shipbuilding, particularly since there was no iron available. The King would not let any of the arms captured from the Mongols be melted down nor the existing ships dismantled. It was slow and tedious work, but eventually they achieved some sort of success and launched the first Mayan built sailing vessel. It was held together by wooden pegs and lashing and was not as long as their trading canoes, but it had greater draft and broader beam and was capable of carrying as much as two of the canoes. In the right weather, it could travel faster both up and down wind. As wonderful as it was, they knew it was far from the ships which had carried the Mongols on their exodus.

Ah Kom Xiu in Alagh was in a better position, largely because of the efforts of the Mongols before their expulsion. His city was still under construction and was progressively less Asian and more Mayan in character, but it would never look 100% Mayan. The remnants of Songghumal’s city: the rectangular grid of streets, the shape of the towers, the height and thickness of the walls, and the tiles on the roofs and floors would forever mark it’s foreign ancestry.

The King, pre-occupied as he was with his own integration efforts, had left his governor on a very long leash. Xiu was assiduous in making sure the King was happy with his new conquest, but was also very carefully enhancing his own prestige and power. He too had his horses and cattle, cared for by the Ngöbe villagers. The presence of many Uyghur and Chinese craftsmen who had been loath to leave their families with the Khan meant that much did not have to be figured out. His carts were better; tools were better, pottery better, textiles better than those of Mayapan. He actually had shipwrights and smiths, something he was careful not to brag about.

A brisk trade had developed centered on Alagh. Cargoes from both seas passed through it’s markets and he and the Mayans who had emigrated to Alagh prospered and grew rich. As his power grew, many of his relatives quietly re-located to the city from their homes in the Yucatan to the Isthmus. There were those who remained, those who already had power and connections, but Xiu plied them with gifts and favorable trade concessions.

He also cultivated the Ngöbe by keeping the hand of the King from weighing too heavily on them. Their villages blossomed into towns with stone buildings and tile roofs. The shamans built temples at holy sites that had previously been marked with symbolic stone piles or thatch shelters. The Mongol settlement of Asi Ügei grew and became the primary port on the other sea, mostly inhabited by Ngöbe.

Mu-ri Ti-ed-eba had established himself at Asi and many of his folk had joined him there. They proved to be excellent merchants and became particularly adept at seamanship. They had been coastal fishermen before the arrival of the Khan and were quick to learn from the Asian expatriates still among them. In time, they would become the most accomplished seamen in the other sea.

Chan Chan and Cuzco:

The Empire of Chimor had become awash in commerce. Goods traveled the length and breadth of the land and beyond, into the endless forests east of the mountains as well as south beyond the lands of civilized men. Fresh fish from the cold waters of the sea were served in the highest cities and ice from the heights cooled the Dōngbù Emperors bedchamber.

Zi Yi had begun to rebuild Chan Chan in wood and stone. The city, as beautiful as it was, had been originally constructed of mud. The refurbishment of much of the city after the rainy season was an annual and expensive task. Moreover, the city was largely composed of walled precincts which were the home and stronghold of the powerful families. The Emperor, always aware that he was a conqueror and not one of the local race, was careful to retain the style and motifs of the old capitol. Where Chinese sensibilities prevailed, he compromised by clothing them in Chimor dress or by applying Chinese ornament to Chimor designs. The city became something new, a hybrid of Asian organization and principals that would always be recognizable as a Chimor city.

With time, the Emperor also took an Empress, Pillcu Ocllo, the daughter of Mayta Cápac. In the Inca princess he had found a kindred soul who shared many of his values. During the time she had been at the Emperor’s court she had demonstrated wisdom, discretion and compassion. She had also shown that when she felt strongly about something she was more than capable of presenting her position with compelling logic. She had rapidly learned to speak Chinese and was well on her way to reading and writing. She had also learned to ride and even to use a bow.

To Zi Yi, her talents, skills, adventurousness and grace combined into a most appealing woman. Her beauty only added to the pleasure he experienced in her company.

The young Pillcu, for her part, was attracted to the exotic, powerful, and handsome man of 35. She was not intimidated by his title, after all, she was the daughter of the King of Cuzco, but she admired the dignity, intelligence and foresight with which he ruled his empire. She also recognized and appreciated the attention he gave her and the value he placed on her thoughts.

Both knew that this marriage was not only a personal demonstration of their feelings, but a powerful diplomatic symbol of the bond between Chan Chan and Cuzco, Zi Yi and Mayta Cápac.

Beyond the capitol, Chimor hegemony expanded at a rapid pace. Many cities near the frontier petitioned to join the empire in order to share its wealth and protection. Stronger and more distant lands sought the Emperor’s favor in order to avoid being swallowed up or to fend off enemies. The borders were in a state of continuous change, always expanding.

Mayta Cápac extended his rule to the shores of the sacred lake and beyond, laying claim to the entire region and the valleys that lead to the borders of Chimor. Roads were built to accommodate carts and the growing caravans of llamas bearing trade between the lands. He had yet to gain access to the Emperor’s iron however and his ability to capitalize on new technologies was limited. What iron and steel he did have was due to the generosity of Zi Yi. His hope was that the situation would change once Pillcu was the Emperors consort.

He did exploit the skills of Xin Du Xian, the Chimor Ambassador. The King wanted the book that the Emperor had given to him to be copied and distributed to his nobles, as a demonstration of the respect shared between the two monarchs. Mayta Cápac had many artists at his disposal, but they could not produce the faithful copies he wanted. They were unfamiliar with the materials being used and the purpose of the strange symbols was unknown to them. The King appealed to Xin Du Xian for his assistance and the monk began to train a cadre of scribes to reproduce the gift of the Emperor.

In this way, to satisfy the ego of a king, writing came to the Inca people. With the example of the book of Zi Yi, they quickly discovered it’s value as a means of recording events and thoughts as well as talleys of goods being traded and the keeping of accounts.

When the copies were completed and given to the nobles with great ceremony, Mayta Cápac lead a procession to the home of his father, Lloque Yupanque. There, he placed a copy on the lap of his father’s mummy. It was also at the feet of his dead father that it occurred to him to have a record of the accomplishments of his reign and that of his forefathers written down, and in 1306 the first written history of the Inca people was begun, by the scribes who trained under Xin Du Xian.

Interesting development !

Does it mean that the Inca will have their own alphabet just like what the Japanese have developed from Chinese characters ? :cool:

The Japanese use Chinese characters but they also have their own Hiragana characters for their own words and Katakana characters for foreign/loan words...
 
I won't be giving anything away here, so yes, the Incas will develop a system of writing based on Chinese characters. It will follow the Chinese model, which in most cases is not entirely pictographic as many think (including myself before I started this). The principle will be, at it's simplest, for the characters to represent the sound of syllables in spoken Quechua languages, not the sound of individual letters, so the capitol, Cuzco, would be represented by 2 characters. In time, Chinese will become strictly a ceremonial language and eventually be completly supplanted by Quechua.

In the plains, there is the development of a new language which will be grow out of the pidgin trade language used by the Yatasi and the Mongols. A creole of sorts with elements of Caddo, Mongolian and Ngobe. The Mongolians at this time used the Uyghur script which is phonetic. It is written vertically, left to right. This script will be adapted for the new language which has yet to be named.

There will be modifications to written Mayan, simplifying it and allowing wider literacy, but it will continue it;s development largely unaffected.

I'm not an expert in languages or writing systems, so I will leave the details of these developments to others. Without a doubt however, the introduction of writing to South America and the Andean civilizations will have a profound effect, as it will to the history of the Great Plains.
 
The so-would-be "conquistadors" are bound to have a nasty surprise when they found out that the natives are not "uncivilized" like what they think :cool:

Wide-spread use of written scripts and other knowledge gained from the Mongol and Chinese will greatly enhance the natives :D
 
Excellent

I just love the developments. Just one suggestion bro; try keeping the place names easier to read and pronounce. A little user friendliness vs. historical ethnic accuracy might go a long way. Kudos!
 
Last edited:
Thanks for the thought.

I agree with you regarding not only place names, but most Mongol, Mayan, Yatasi and Inca names I have had to come up with. if the place is historical, such an Kuelap or Nachitoches (didn't check my notes, so I hope I spelled that right) I use that name. Otherwise I make up an English name and find a translation. Sometimes that is a real pain in the butt since there are very few resources translating Engilsh to Mongolian, Yatasi / Caddo etc

I expected a firestorm of criticism regarding the form of names for people, places and things, but it never materialized. I'll try to be more user friendly going forward.

I'm glad you are enjoying this, I am having a lot of fun with it.
 
1308 – 1315

1308 – 1315

Contraband:

Ah Kom Xiu was visited by a trade mission in early 1308. The merchants came from the Empire of Chimor and had been traveling along the coast looking for new markets and unusual trade goods to exploit. The Lord of Alagh was interested in cloth made from alpaca wool, which had become extremely light and fine, like cotton, but with a softer hand. This had been achieved by a combination of existing Inca and Chinese textile techniques in a search for a silk substitute. This fabric would be a luxurious alternative to fine Mayan cottons and the somewhat heavy wools being produced in the region. There were many other goods, pottery, foods, gold and silver, but the greatest interest and greatest need was placed on iron.

The difficulty the traders had was that iron was not sanctioned by the Emperor for trade. The supply was able to meet the growing needs of the Empire but there was as yet little surplus on this strategic resource. The King of Cuzco was only allotted a very small quantity which was carefully monitored and primarily used for tools and utensils. Precious little of the metal had found it’s way to Mayta Capac’s troops.

Ah Kom Xiu needed to find something of sufficient value to trade for iron, which was central to his personal ambitions.

The solution was found in a combination of goods that would be prized by the people of Chimor. The location of Alagh allowed it to control the most economical route for the emeralds from the other sea, allowing Xiu to sell them at a lower price than those transported over land to the Empire. Cocoa was a truly exotic and local product which he was able to monopolize and trade to the courts of Chan Chan and Cuzco.

The traders from the south, who dearly wanted to get control of the trade in these commodities, agreed to attempt to re-direct some of the iron from Chan Chan to Alagh. In exchange, Xiu offered them sanctuary in Alagh if the Emperor discovered the smuggling.

Gaining access to the iron was a huge challenge for the traders. Mined under guard, transported under guard, stockpiled and refined under guard, the metal was truly more valuable than gold. Ah Kom Xiu needed it not only for weapons and tools but for nails and fittings for ships, so he needed substantial quantities. Iron, unlike gold and silver, had many practical uses, and those uses required a lot of it.

Zi Yi was stockpiling steel weaponry and armor as quickly as his smiths could manufacture it. He placed a high priority on his fleet and it’s maintenance so that was a significant draw on the supply as well. His masons needed steel and iron tools to cut and dress stone and his engineers used it in the construction of stone and wood buildings. His artists wanted it to speed the production of sculptures and reliefs demanded by the priests throughout the Empire. Farmers wanted it for plows and scythes while there was a growing need for fittings for carts, wagons and carriages. Production from the mines grew, but not as fast as demand so there was a constant shortage.

As shortages tend to do, it gave birth to a black market in iron ore, iron and steel. There were two centers of market activity, one at Chiribaya, where the ore was loaded onto ships to be shipped north to Chan Chan, and the other at Chan Chan itself. Ship captains, who were receiving a cut of the proceeds, had a small part of the cargo “misplaced” into hidden compartments on board. On arrival in Chan Chan the cargo would be offloaded. The shortage, always small, would be noted by port officials who would normally blame it on sloppy handling at the mine or in Chiribaya. There were a few officials also on the smuggler's payroll who would simply not record the shortage or assign it to some other ship in port at the time.

On the return voyage to Chiribaya, the captain would anchor in a remote spot on the coast for a few hours and offload the clandestine cargo to the smugglers. When a sufficient cargo was accumulated, it would be loaded onto one of the smuggler’s own ships which had left carrying a legal cargo bound for Alagh and off the iron would go to Ah Kom Xiu. There, the merchants would collect their load of Cocoa and Emeralds as well as other trade goods and return to the Empire. As far as the government knew, the merchants had established a monopoly on these luxury goods.

Ahau Cuat Cocom could not be kept entirely in the dark by Ah Kom Xiu. The King’s agents were present in every aspect of life in Alagh, but, with careful planning and good intelligence Xiu could co-opt some of them with promises of wealth, power and status. An uncle of Xiu who had remained in Mayapan and who had benefited greatly from his nephews success proved to be invaluable in the Governors efforts. This uncle was able, through contacts within the league of Mayapan, to identify an important and susceptible target for Xiu’s goals; a senior official in the government whose family was heavily indebted and had been on the decline for several decades. The family had status and prestige but little remaining wealth. Only a few of them retained any real power or influence.

Xiu enlisted this man in his cause and soon had a small cadre of men passing faulty information to the Capitol. He was careful to insure that Ahau Cuat Cocom received truthful intelligence, but not all the intelligence. The result was that Xiu was able to divert the majority of the precious iron to his own use while giving the King enough to be useful and to whet his appetite. Accordingly, Mayapan began to develop a dependence on Alagh for this strategic material and Alagh grew richer and more powerful within the league.

In addition to controlling the supply of iron to the league, Alagh also controlled contact and virtually all trade with the Empire of Chimor. Ah Kom Xiu saw what he most wanted to see, his star rising.


Peace on the Planes:

Gung-bey-e now ruled an increasingly prosperous and influential little state. The Mongols of OrunErgül were prospering with productive herds and flocks, fertile fields and vibrant trade with the Yatasi and their Caddo brothers. Junks now plied the rivers regularly, transporting pottery, food, wood, metals (except iron), and all manner of trade goods from Great Cahokia and beyond to Natchitoches and south to the sea. Stone walls and tile pavers were increasingly seen in the cities, towns and villages from the great eastern forests to the endless western plains. Paths were becoming roads for carts and wagon carrying goods where ships could not go.

Culture traveled with merchandise as always and the influence of OrunErgül was taking hold in far flung places. The Mongol / Yatasi trade language was spreading, and with it, knowledge. The Yatasi had already wholeheartedly adopted new agricultural techniques and crops learned from the Mongols, as well as cattle, hogs, sheep and horses. They were applying new technologies to their ceramics, metallurgy and textiles. At Natchitoches, construction had begun on new platforms and was progressing rapidly due to the use of draft animals and carts to haul materials, particularly the stone slabs which would form the facing of the new structures. Buddhist elements were entering the belief structure of the Caddo and Caddo beliefs were influencing the Buddhist monks.

It was a time of growth, prosperity and peace for the most part. The Mongols had encountered the Ni-U-Kon-Ska on several occasions, but never peacefully. Contact usually occurred to the distant north, where these people were struggling to survive as they were being displaced from their own lands. They were becoming a refugee nation and had developed a complete distrust of strangers. Their condition rendered them poorly equipped as soldiers, but it had forced them to become increasingly adept at tactics. They were, despite poverty, formidable warriors and well led.

Orghui had been impressed by the archery skills of the Ni-U-Kon-Ska and by their bravery in a fight, but they were not an army. They were skirmishers and ambushers, and very good ones at that. The initial engagements were hard won by the Mongols, but Orghui soon was able to identify what and when confrontations would occur and be ready for them.

On the whole however, there was peace between the Mongols and the Ete-Arad, or native people, as the Mongols generally referred to the indigenous population.

Cakilceleger, Gung-bey-e’s son had grown into a rambunctious and energetic boy of six. He spent a great amount if time in the company of the Khan’s own horse soldiers and was showing all the signs of becoming a good horseman. He already had a small horse of his own to which he was greatly attached, frequently sleeping with the guards in the pastures at night to be close to his pride and joy. This gave great pride to the Khan as his son became more and more a part of his soldier’s daily life, learning from them and establishing a close bond, much as the Khan had done when he was a boy. Narantsetseg, the prince’s mother wished her son would spend more time at home and less in the field and was able to prevail on the Khan to bring her with him when he camped with the troops. She had learned enough from her mother not to coddle the boy and not to limit his exposure to the manly aspects of life and so she too began to enjoy the loyalty of the army by respecting their time with her son.

Dehahuit was not idle during this time of peace. Freed from the need to fend off the Ni-U-Kon-Ska and enriched by his exchanges with the Mongols, his status among the Caddo peoples had risen as had that of the Yatasi. He had carefully managed to develop the allegiance of several smaller towns and villages as well as some of the lesser Caddo groups. The True Caddi, not a young man, seemed to be increasingly tired, forgetful and unable to concentrate on important matters. This had generated discussion of succession.

The normal transition of leadership was father to son, but the True Caddi’s son was not a well liked person. He was vain, arrogant, disliked listening to others and had shown little interest in the welfare of the people. Among the other leaders there was little enthusiasm for the prospect of his accession to the post of True Caddi. Alternatives were quietly discussed and Dehahuit’s name was increasingly mentioned. He was respected and admired for more than the success the Yatasi had recently enjoyed. He was considered to be an honest and concerned leader who carefully listened to the elders and considered the needs of his people before his own desires. This was indeed an accurate assessment, but it did not consider that he firmly felt his interests and success went hand in hand with that of the Yatasi.

Over this period, the Yatasi had come to possess the largest herd of horses other than the Mongols. They had learned to use them for hunting, herding the cattle they had acquired from the Mongols and were becoming quite good horse archers. Dehahuit and Aashi were adapting the use of these wonderful animals to the Yatasi manner of fighting and found that “strike and retreat” was particularly effective. The horsemen would gallop towards the foe, and charge across their front (such as it was in the native style of warfare) firing their bows into the enemy with great effect, then turn and ride swiftly away as another wave of horse archers repeated the maneuver. This was a direct correlation to the techniques they had developed for hunting tanaha’, or buffalo.

The Yatasi warriors had been able to practice this technique when they had responded to requests for help by less powerful Caddo tribes who were being harassed by their southern or western neighbors. So they were able to refine their tactics, grow a corps of veteran horsemen and enhance the standing of the Yatasi and Dehahuit at the same time. But Dehahuit knew that his advantage might not last forever, horses had found their way to most of the Caddo tribes and were spreading beyond as well.


Intrigue:

Zi Yi, despite the efficiency of the beaurocracy he had assembled to run the Empire, continued to be largely in the dark regarding the black market in Iron. His forces were increasingly well armed, ships had been repaired and his smiths were preparing to cast their first cannon. They had already produced a substantial number of hand cannon and fire lances which had proven highly effective in subduing restless tribes on the frontier. Mayta Cápac was anxious to get his hands on these weapons which he had seen while visiting Cero Baul and Omo. While the Inca would eventually have firearms and artillery in their arsenal, it would not be as the King of Cuzco currently hoped.

The Emperor was careful to keep his father in law on as short a leash as he could. Iron was carefully doled out to Cuzco as was the Cocoa shipped in from Alagh. Mayta Cápac was to remain a powerful friend and ally, buffering the Empire from any threats that might arise in the mountains or beyond. Cuzco however would not be allowed to surpass the power of Chimor.

With trade as his weapon, Zi Yi was able to guarantee his hegemony over Mayta Cápac to the extent that in 1312, the King of Cuzco accepted the stationing of Chimor troops in Tiwanaku on the shores of Lake Titicaca, the Sacred Lake. Ostensibly, this was to allow Mayta Cápac to campaign further south and into the eastern valleys of the mountains, but the true purpose was to establish a Chimor presence within the nascent Incan Empire. The price was not cheap though. Zi Yi provided a substantial number of weapons; spears, swords etc, to the King and had to increase the allotment of iron going to Cuzco.

In the campaign mounted by Mayta Cápac, the Inca employed cavalry for the first time against the cities to the south. The King was successful despite his horsemen’s tendency to charge the enemy and then dismount to fight in the traditional manner. Mayta Cápac was greatly embarrassed when this happened while one of the Emperors generals was observing the battle. For Zi Yi, it was an opportunity however. He offered to train the King’s cavalry and the King accepted, gratefully.

The Inca horsemen learned quickly, not only how to fight effectively on horseback and how to care for their mounts, but also how skilled the Emperor’s forces were and how generous the Emperor was to his troops. A select group of Inca military leaders also learned how well loyalty to the Emperor paid.

Zi Yi, with troops in the Kingdom of Cuzco and a following within the newly effective Incan cavalry now began the long process of uniting the Empire with it’s most powerful neighbor.

Mayta Cápac, who greatly admired and envied Chimor on so many levels, wished Cuzco to be as advanced, prosperous and cultured. He was therefore exceedingly vulnerable to the hegemonic ambitions of Zi Yi. His son, Cápac Yupanqui was not so besotted with what he viewed as an interloping nation or foreigners. He had objected to the union of his step sister with the Emperor, feeling that it sullied the Kings bloodline. This distaste had not been lost on the Emperor, who took what steps he could to isolate the son from the father.

Xin Du Xian, Zi Yi’s ambassador, kept a close eye on the hostile prince. Imperial agents insinuated themselves into the circles through which Cápac Yupanqui circulated. Sympathetic military leaders were subtly suggested for appointment to his forces. There was little the Prince could do without it reaching the ears of the Emperor, and much that he did not do that reached the ears of the King. It was a gradual souring of the air between father and son that the king, in particular, was oblivious to.

Cápac Yupanqui did eventually become painfully aware of the isolation as he increasingly found himself on campaign and out of touch with events in his father’s court. It was becoming more difficult to stay on top of the intrigues, power brokering, influence peddling and personal promotion that was common. He no longer knew who had his father’s ear or who had fallen out of favor with the King. He was less and less a counter to the influence of the Ambassador or the Empress, his step sister.

His anxiety increased as his troops ventured farther from the city and supplies were less reliable, news older and foes more savage. In late 1315, while on march through the forests east of the mountains in the upper reaches of the valley of the Eastern God River, Cápac Yupanqui and his men were set upon by a band of local natives and he was severely wounded. His surviving men struggled to get the Prince back to the nearest town but he died en route.

The fatal arrow which had struck down Cápac Yupanqui had been made by Amazon tribesmen, dipped in poison and fired from the cover of the trees as was the style of Amazonian warfare. The bowman had not been seen or heard and there was no evidence of the compound bow used to fire the arrow.
 
Last edited:

tjvuse

Banned
All systems go on Great Mongol Empire of Great Plains stand by for take off.:D

Si fi i know but one day the Mongols will fly to the Moon.:p
 
1316 – 1325 The Plains, Part 1

1316 – 1325

The Plains, Part 1

It was early spring on the plains and the flood season was upon the people of OrunErgül. In the valley below the town the river had burst it’s banks and the fertile soil was being replenished for the next growing season. The cattle were about to be driven to spring pastures there was excitement building in anticipation of the foals that would soon bless the herds of horses.

Gung-bey-e and his son, Cakilceleger, who was now ten, accompanied a troop of riders onto the plains in search of the migrating buffalo. They rode northward for several days towards the lands where the Ni-U-Kon-Ska sometimes wandered and camped. There was no intention to confront these nomadic folk and this was early for them to be making forays into Caddo lands, but even so the Mongols were on guard for them.

They camped near a stream for a few days while scouts rode out and searched for the roaming herds of buffalo. As the riders returned, there was news that the herds had been sighted to the west, slowly moving towards their lands. This was good news, but it was overshadowed by reports of a large band of Ni-U-Kon-Ska camped not far to the east.

The Khan sent riders back to bring additional cavalry to the camp and, with an escort, went out to see the nomad’s encampment and reconnoiter the land himself. Cakilceleger, loath to be sent home or left in the camp while his father rode out to see the enemy was allowed to accompany the Khan and his men on what turned out to be his first military experience, and, unexpectedly, his first diplomatic one as well.

The invaders had broken their camp and were slowly moving west-south-west, deeper into Caddo lands and between the Mongol camp and OrunErgül. They were not yet aware of the presence of the Khan and the small band of Mongols in the area and were unknowingly moving between them and home. One late afternoon, as they were preparing to make camp for the night, Ni-U-Kon-Ska scouts saw men on horses on top of a small rise to the north of their people.

As used to oppression as these wanderers were, there was no panic in their camp. The warriors quickly armed themselves and the women and children made what preparations they could to defend themselves if needed. On the rise, Gung-bey-e surveyed the partially formed camp with some concern. This was not the typical band of invaders they were used to encountering. This group was hundreds strong, far larger than normal. It was an entire town on the march. While there were many warriors, there were even more women, elderly and children among them. This struck the Khan as a different kind of threat.

He set pickets to keep an eye on the camp and retreated to a defensible place to spend the night. He had but thirty men with him and, while they were well armed, he felt that the sheer numbers of Ni-u-Kon-Ska could certainly overwhelm his men in a fight. The horses stayed saddled and the men ready to ride at a moment’s notice.

In the camp of the invaders, there was much discussion among their leaders as to how to act. Some wanted to flee by night, leaving the camp to the Mongols. Others wanted locate and attack the Mongol camp during the night, although they did not know the size of the Khan’s force. There was a faction that wished to stay put and on guard so they could march on in good order in the morning and another that wanted to send a delegate to the Khan to plead for safe passage through his lands. This last group, part of the Tsishu gente, was able to gather just enough support and heralds were sent to approach the Mongol watchers and ask for an audience.

The Mongols pickets easily heard the approaching heralds as they made no attempt at stealth. They wanted to be heard so they could be seen by the Mongols before seeing themselves. The Khan’s men were startled when they discovered several naked Ni-U-Kon-Ska walking openly towards their posts. Because they were without any clothing it was obvious that they were unarmed, although they were still formidable looking men.

These were a very tall people in general, even taller than the Caddo or Yatasi, and these four were not only tall, but strongly built. With weapons they would be very dangerous in hand to hand combat.

When the nude heralds saw the Mongols approaching on horseback, they all stopped and one, in a clear voice and very respectable Yatasi, announced their peaceful intent and request to meet the Mongol chief for a parley. The captain of the Khans men sent a rider to the camp to inform Gung-bey-e and brought the heralds to the top of the rise, where the camp below could be watched. The four of them were chilled by the cool night air and they were given blankets to wrap themselves in for warmth until word came from the Khan.

The Khan, awakened by the news of the heralds approach to the pickets, sent orders back that three of them should be brought to his camp and the fourth sent back to his people telling them to stay where they had camped until the heralds all returned. He included a threat of attack if they moved or took any potentially hostile actions.

The three heralds were uneasily seated on the backs of horses and led off to the Khan’s camp. They had never been on horses before, or even close to them and were initially concerned for their safety, both physical and spiritual, for they did not know if the horses were magic animals or had good or evil spirits. The fourth and youngest of the heralds was sent back to the camp below with the Khan’s orders and threat. The Ni-U-Kon-Ska, seeing that he had returned wrapped in a Mongol blanket and hearing that he had been fed and well treated by the horsemen took their chances and stayed in camp the next day.

Gung-bey-e heard the herald’s request as the sun rose over the plains and agreed to the parley with the leaders of the Ni-U-Kon-Ska. The site would be the rise above their camp and none of their people would be allowed to bring weapons. When the Khan said that only three of their leaders would be allowed, the heralds asked for four to be present, since they viewed that as a fortunate number, and the Khan agreed. He knew his re-enforcements from OrunErgül were only two days away so the parley was set for noon, three days from then and the heralds were escorted back to their people, fully, though poorly clothed due to the difference in stature between the two groups.

The three heralds returned to people as several hundred Mongol cavalry took positions on the rise overlooking their encampment. The following morning they watched as an area halfway between the Mongol positions and the Ni-U-Kon-Ska camp was prepared for the parley. Shortly before noon, four men walked unarmed from the camp toward the designated place. They represented the three gentes of the tribe. Two were from the Tsishu gente and one each from the Wazhazhe and Hangka gentes.

As they climbed toward the rise, Gung-bey-e rode down, accompanied by two of his captains and his son, Cakilceleger. Carpets from the Mongol tents had been laid out and a fire built. Two attendants were waiting to greet the men from the camp below and to tend to the Mongol horses. They were conspicuously unarmed so as not to raise concern in the four ambassadors.

The Mongol party arrived a few minutes after the others and dismounted, giving the attendants their weapons in full view of the four men, who stood as the Khan approached. One of the men greeted the Khan’s party in Yatasi and introduced the others and then himself. All four were put somewhat off guard by the presence of a ten year old boy in the Mongol delegation. They were even more surprised when the boy politely greeted them and introduced the two captains. He identified himself as Cakilceleger only and lastly, bowing in respect toward his father, introduced Gung-Bey-E Khan, Khagan of all the Mongols in this land.

The four ambassadors had not expected to parley with the Khan himself. The heralds had not known who they spoke with at the Mongol camp, so they expected to meet a war chief at the most, not the Khan.

Gung-bey-e sat and then, smiling, bade them all to sit around the fire. Refreshments to suit both Mongol and native palates had been prepared and were offered to the ambassadors. As one of the attendants poured beverages for them, the Khan spoke first.

With a fatherly glance, he explained that the boy was his son and was learning the skills that he would one day be expected to use as leader of his people. His presence was intended not as a slight to the ambassadors or their mission, but as an honor.

The Khan treated these men with respect for the parley had been honorably requested and their heralds had shown dignity and grace, even in their nakedness. The people below had done just as he had wished, staying in camp and making no hostile moves as well. The Khan also recognized the skill and bravery of their warriors and knew that even though his newly arrived forces would carry the day in any battle with these people, it would be hard fought and costly. But, while respectful and hospitable, he did not hide his strength nor did he allow them to think they were equals. He was Khan, they were not.

The leader of the embassy put forth their case. He explained that his people, who called themselves Wazhazhe, had been driven from the lands they had lived on since the beginning of time by a powerful tribe from the east who were called Haudenosaunee. They had fled their river valleys seeking a new place to live and had lost nearly everything that had once made them great. The Wazhazhe did not wish to take the land of others as their land had been taken but only to find a place where they could live in peace and hopefully prosper.

All they asked of the Khan was to cross his land and that of the Caddo without harm.

Gung-bey-e listened intently to the Tsishu speak, interrupting on occasion to politely ask a question or two. He was struck by the related histories of his people and these. Both had been forced to leave the lands they called home and both had come as refugees to this land. The Mongols had much to offer the Caddo and Yatasi and perhaps that is why they had been welcomed. These people had nothing and perhaps that is why they were not.

Once the request had been made, the Khan expressed sympathy.

Gung-bey-e now chose his words carefully;

“I am Khan of the Mongols but the Mongols do not possess this land. It is the land of the Yatasi.

It is known that we Mongols came to this country from the great sea in this generation. When we came to the Yatasi they welcomed us and asked us to be stewards of this land and enjoy it and prosper from it. So we built our homes and pastured our herds and flocks as we had been asked.

As we hold this place in stewardship for the people of Natchitoches, we must guard it against dangers, and in the past your people have tried to take the land by force of arms. In crossing this land it will be marked by your passage and the ill of that marking must be balanced against the ill of forcing you to return to your own lands, which you say are no longer yours.

Return to your people now and come here tomorrow. I will tell you your fate then.”

One of the ambassadors now spoke, asking how they could be certain of the good faith of the Mongols, that they would not be attacked in the night by his horsemen.

Before the Khan could respond Cakilceleger spoke up, saying that he would go with them to their camp and return with them the next day.

There was momentary silence. The captains were horrified and the four ambassadors stunned by the boys offer. Gung-bey-e looked his son in the eyes sternly and saw the boy had not made the offer lightly. His look of confidence said “I know what I am doing”. He saw himself looking back at Songghumal Khan, his own father.

He slowly turned from the prince to the ambassadors, a calm look on his face.

“My son wisely suggests that he be my ambassador to your people, and so he shall be. These two captains will be his aids and his guards.”

So Cakilceleger departed on his first diplomatic mission. He, the unarmed captains and the four Wazhazhe ambassadors walked down the slope to the camp. As agreed, a single horseman delivered the captain’s weapons to them on the edge of the camp so their role as guards could be fulfilled.

The Khan sat on his horse and watched as the small procession disappeared into the camp, then turned and rode back to his troops at the crest of the rise, concerned as any father would be and balancing the issues presented by the Wazhazhe as any leader would, but also chuckling a little at the actions of his son and proud to be his father.



Gung-bey-e did not sleep much that night and as it wore on he began to formulate a potential solution that could be beneficial to his own people and end the regular incursions of the Ne-U-Kon-Ska, or Wazhazhe as they called themselves. Shīfù and Orghui were both at Natchitoches at that time and he sent a rider to summon them to his camp. It would take the rider five days to reach them and at least that long for them to reach the Mongols on the ridge. He knew that was too long to wait for Shīfù’s council so he had to make a decision without his old friend’s guidance, but that is why he was Khan after all.

The next day, the Wazhazhe ambassadors returned as planned with Cakilceleger and the two guards. With them came a boy of about the same age as the prince. Each boy wore the others cloak. The Wazhazhe boy was Onaly, the son of one of the ambassadors. He and Cakilceleger had spent much of the prince’s time in the camp in each other’s company.

The Khan noted that the boys sat together and exchanged comments through a few shared words, signs and drawings in the dirt as the adults conversed. There was no boyish play, they were both paying close attention but their exchanges were full of energy and enthusiasm, though quietly expressed under the circumstances.

When the khan began to speak the Wazhazhe men were expectant. His offer to them was not at all what they expected.

“The plight of your people has spoken to my soul as I did not expect it to. Like you I mourn the loss of your homeland and the wandering you have been reduced to. I wish to show you and your people the grace and generosity of the Mongols.

I cannot offer the Wazhazhe passage through the land of the Yatasi for it is not mine to grant. But The Mongol people can offer your people hospitality and shelter.

For this season your people may pause their journey and make their camp near us at Orun Ergül, there to learn about us as we learn about you. There to know the Yatasi as they come to know you.

Your men will search for a new place while you stay with us and once found beyond Yatasi lands, you will go there with friends behind you.”

When an amazed ambassador asked how the Khan could welcome the Wazhazhe without fear that they would rise up against him and take his place the Khan responded that there were more Mongols than Wazhazhe and more Yatasi than Mongols and more Caddo than Yatasi. He said this without a threat in his voice. He also said that the ambassador’s people would not be prisoners or slaves. They would work alongside his own people and they would partake in the fruits of that work. The two nations would celebrate together their successes and learn from each other. His people would help their people find a homeland once again.

The Ambassadors had much to bring before their councils. The Khan told them his offer would stand for five days as long as the Wazhazhe did not break camp. If they decided to accept his hospitality they could begin the move to Orun Ergül in fourteen days from now. If they chose to reject his offer they must return whence they came or they would be forced off Yatasi lands, yet again.

The prince wished to return to their camp during while they decided, but the Khan said he could not. He could, if he wished, visit in the daytime with his guards and, if he wished Onaly to come to the Mongol camp to visit the Prince he also could do so.

The Khan and the Mongol party then returned to their camp on the ridge while the ambassadors returned to theirs below, the boys still wearing each other’s cloaks.



Four days later, the Khan’s offer was accepted. Gung-bey-e set off with Cakilceleger for Orun Ergül in order to intercept Shīfù and Orghui en route.

The four of them, the Khan, the young prince, the general and the monk sat around the fire that night and Gung-bey-e explained his actions to his old friends.

The Mongols could do what they wanted in these lands as long as they protected them in the name of the Yatasi. So the Khan could not grant safe passage without angering the Yatasi. He could, however, bring the Wazhazhe under Mongol protection while they search for a suitable home. They would be under control.

Orghui suggested that the presence of so many of these people, even at Orun Ergül would still anger the Yatasi. The Khan agreed but pointed out that he would have taken responsibility for them. Dehahuit also would not challenge the Mongols in their own city because he still had much to gain from the Mongol presence in his land. It could be a bitter pill, but Dehahuit would swallow it, and if he did, so would the Caddo as a whole. Orghui was not convinced but Shīfù said that the benefit of knowing where the Wazhazhe were along with the benefit of good relations, particularly trade relations with the Mongols would probably outweigh any perceived threat to the Yatasi. Dehahuit would probably participate in the search for a Wazhazhe homeland, if for nothing else than to gain some measure of control over them.

The Khan agreed that would be a likely action on the part of Dehahuit, but he then shared his true goal, to bring the Wazhazhe and the Mongols into the same fold. Mongol and Ngöbe had benefited from coming together so why shouldn’t the Mongol/Ngöbe people he led benefit from the joining of the Wazhazhe? His goal was a larger, stronger and more influential nation.

When Shīfù asked him what of the Yatasi and the Caddo he responded;

“In time, they shall be us and we them.”
 
I too await more Wazhazhe/Ni-U-Kon-Ska goodness. Also like how you used the superior native name to "Osage". Osage just makes them sound so boring and is why I never paid attention to them until now.
 
Thanks everyone for the encouragement!

While life in the 14th century has been going on, life in the 21st has been a bit erratic. I have been feeling guilty for leaving Gung-Bey-E et al un-updated and apologize to all of you for that. I will rectify the situation by the beginning of the week.

Thanks again
 
Top