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During the Medieval era and upto the end of it,the Byzantine Empire lost vast number of its territories from the OTL Jordan to the whole of itself in 1453. What in this ATL,the Greek Byzantine Empire strengthened and conquered the whole Anatolia back and conquered the Northern Levant by around 900 CE after strengthening itself from within and Hellenizing or 'Byzantinizing' the Christian Slavs in the North and by maintaining its church united with that of Rome's which was ruled by the HRE and eventually the Muslim civilians who were not yet a majority then are absorbed into the United Christian Christian Church following population after around a century and a half by Catholic missions and cultural and Social influence? Beyond this,France,Spain and British Isles remain the same as OTL exactly.
Parts of Northern Iraq is now inside the Byzantine Empire and the Kurds inside the empire have three divisions. One Catholic,a small one Nestorian and the remaining is Sufi Muslim. Sufi Islam IOTL influence the Catholic Empires heavily with Rumi,Ibn Arabi,etc making it look like the Episcopal church of today(more inclusive,tolerant). With this Golden age,Egypt is conquered fairly easily and now the Copts who were probably still a majority convert to this new Byzantine Catholic-Sufi Islam hybrid and the Arab settlers do so soon. North Africa is next and the Arab-Berbers embrace this attractive religion soon. Islam in this timeline exists as this Hybrid. Shia Islam remains more or less the same in Iran and the Peninsular Arabia would be Sunni as in OTL.
So how would the later developments happen with this developments? How would the colonial empires look like and how would the modern era look like? Turks,Tajiks and Afghans are a mix of all the three. Byzantine Catholic-Sufi Islam hybrid,Sunni Peninsular sect and the Iranian Shia sect. How would India look like in this timeline by the time of Islamic invasions? How would Russia look like as an empire which is devoted to the Byzantine Catholic-Sufi Church? As I said,to the North and the West of HRE,all the things happen same as in OTL except North Africa.
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