"Marxists? In our Alps?" - REDUX

Union and Liberty for the "Glorius Mother Russia"?

The Great War was the by far largest catastrophe for the Russian Empire since the Crimean War, leaving roughly 3.1 million people dead. However the general populace profited from this disaster: The revolution caused by the bad military performance and the overall dangerous political situation in Russia ended the autocratic regime of the Czar and a Republican government was proclaimed by the provisional Prime Minister Mikhail Tereshchenko on the 25rd October 1917 in Petrograd after intense talks with the Petrograd Soviet and its president Nikolay Chkheidze, resulting in the creation of the two parts of the new Russian parliament: the Soviet (the Lower House) and the United Russian Senate (the Upper House).

But the political change came with large costs: Radical Bolsheviks would terrorize the country for many years and furthermore the new government of the Republic of Russia had to let go of Armenia and Azerbaijan in the Caucasus, as well as Livonia (consisting out of large parts of the Riga Governate) and Finland in the Baltic after they declared independence and were supported by many of Russia's former allies and neighbours. But Russia was able to keep most of its territories and in order to appease the remaining ethnic minorities the young republic created the Autonomous Republics of Georgia, Estonia, Ukraine, White Ruthenia, Alash, Bessarabia and Southern Turkestan.
 
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The Treaty of Krakow - The Second Galician Treaty

While it was originally considered to transfer the entirety of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, formerly part of Austria-Hungary, to the newly founded Kingdom of Poland, the Entente suggested to divide the region between Russia and Poland. On the 9th December 1919 the Treaty of Krakow was signed, in which both Germany and Poland were compensated for the "lost" territories: For Germany the occupation of the Rhineland was decreased to 22 years and 9 months and Poland recieved the sum of two billion US-$. Furthermore the Treaty of Krakow finalized the borders in Eastern Europe, including the young State of Livonia.
 
Can we see a map of the world? I am keen to see the changes in Africa and Europe.

Soon. I am working on one. Maybe it will be up on the weekend after I posted the updates on German (and Austrian) politics (and the fate of Wilhelm II), as well as the fall of the Ottomans.
 
The Dead Man from Constantinople - The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish War of Independence

Up until 1916 the Ottoman Caliph united large parts of the Middle East, stretching from Thrace to Yemen and being one of the most influential men in the Muslim world. However the Sublime State did not survive the Great War, falling to Anglo-French forces. The end of the Ottoman Empire and its following partition was planned since the entry of the Turks on side of the Central Powers and in 1920 the empire finally fell into pieces with the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres.

The region of Smyrna fell to the Greeks, as well as a few border towns in Thrace, the territories gained with the Peace of Riga as well as the region now commonly refered to as Western Armenia were ceded to the young Democratic Armenian Republic, the Hedjaz, as well as Syria (excluding the Vilayet of Aleppo) and large parts of Palestine were given to the Hashemite, uniting most of the Arab lands under their banner, especially after the Hashemite victory against Najd and the annexiation of their territories. Furthermore the "Kurdistan" and Yemen became British protectorates, the Iraq and the remainder of Palestine became their League of Nations-mandates and the French set up the Cicilia Protectorate in the Vilayet of Aleppo and the Adana Vilayet, a state dominated by Arabs but with a large Turkish minority.

But not only did the Ottoman Empire loose large parts of its territory, it also was abolished after the "Turkish War of Independence", the civil war launched by Pasha Mustafa Kemal, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Turkey and the Treaty of Bern, making Kemal's republic the legitimate Turkish government and thus leading to the end of the Caliphate in 1923. For Kemal, after the Treaty of Bern nicknamed "Atatürk" (Turkish for "Father of the Turks"), this was a major triumph even though he was not able to reclaim the lost, partly Turkish-cultured regions controled by foreign powers.
 
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*bumps thread*

Update will come on Friday (post-war Germany and Austria; post-war Italy; post-war Balkans)! After that: Map on Sunday?

*leaves board, prepares to go see a presentation about National Socialism in my namesake town*
 
The Croatian Socialist Republic and the Serbian Intervention

In the young Kingdom of Croatia, headed by King Ilija I. of Croatia (originally from the House of Bourbon-Parma, coronated on the 5th February 1920 after being offered the throne roughly two months after Croatian independence), faced troubles through Socialist insurgences from April 1920 on. What started as a series of anti-monarchist protests became full-flegded riots after soldiers killed a protester in the Croatian capital of Zagreb. On the 19th May the Croatian Socialist Republic was proclaimed by the Communist Ante Ciliga. Serbia, fearing the nearby Communist presence, send various infantry divisions to its western neighbour and the brutal War of Serbian Intervention began on the 3rd June 1920 after King Ilija temporarily escaped to Italy. The war was quickly over after Serbian forces captured Zagreb, center of the revolutionary activity, on the 15th July 1920. Even though the war was so short, the casualties were relativly high: More than 4,000 Croatians were killed, half of them being civilians, while Serbia suffered roughly 600 Serbian soldiers were killed in action.

Many Serbian officials demanded concessions from Croatia, some of them even the integration of the country into Serbia in order to permanently "secure the Southern Slavs". In the end Serbia annexed Dalmatia in August as an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Greater Serbia, though Croatia continued to claim the region after King Ilija returned on the 28th August 1920 and most high-ranked Croatian socialists left the country and escaped into Austrian or Swiss exile.

 
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And here is the map in (mostly) TCS showing the world in late 1920 after the Treaty of Sevres became valid (Turkey doesn't change in the following three years noted). If there are questions, just ask!

Also replies still are appreciated!

commie swiss (late 1920).png
 

abc123

Banned
The Croatian Socialist Republic and the Serbian Intervention



In the young Kingdom of Croatia, headed by King Ilija I. of Croatia (originally from the House of Bourbon-Parma, coronated on the 5th February 1920 after being offered the throne roughly two months after Croatian independence), faced troubles through Socialist insurgences from April 1920 on. What started as a series of anti-monarchist protests became full-flegded riots after soldiers killed a protester in the Croatian capital of Zagreb. On the 19th May the Croatian Socialist Republic was proclaimed by the Communist Ante Ciliga. Serbia, fearing the nearby Communist presence, send various infantry divisions to its western neighbour and the brutal War of Serbian Intervention began on the 3rd June 1920 after King Ilija temporarily escaped to Italy. The war was quickly over after Serbian forces captured Zagreb, center of the revolutionary activity, on the 15th July 1920. Even though the war was so short, the casualties were relativly high: More than 4,000 Croatians were killed, half of them being civilians, while Serbia suffered roughly 600 Serbian soldiers were killed in action.



Many Serbian officials demanded concessions from Croatia, some of them even the integration of the country into Serbia in order to permanently "secure the Southern Slavs". In the end Serbia annexed Dalmatia in August as an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Greater Serbia, though Croatia continued to claim the region after King Ilija returned on the 28th August 1920 and most high-ranked Croatian socialists left the country and escaped into Austrian or Swiss exile.


This whole situation with Croatia seems as a big ASB to me...
 
This whole situation with Croatia seems as a big ASB to me...

Huh... Explanation please? In Croatia there were various communists and I tried to create TTL's equivalent of the Hungarian-Romanian War of 1919, only in the Balkans.
 

abc123

Banned
Huh... Explanation please? In Croatia there were various communists and I tried to create TTL's equivalent of the Hungarian-Romanian War of 1919, only in the Balkans.

Simply, there were communists in Croatia but thew were very insignificant.
Also, no chance for a independant Croatia at that time, not enough political support.
Also, Croats at that time were staunchly anti-monarhical nation, because of bad experience with Habsburgs, so that Ilija ( very weird name for a King, Zvonimir II or Tomislav II is much better ) is purely ASB.
 
Simply, there were communists in Croatia but thew were very insignificant.
Also, no chance for a independant Croatia at that time, not enough political support.
Also, Croats at that time were staunchly anti-monarhical nation, because of bad experience with Habsburgs, so that Ilija ( very weird name for a King, Zvonimir II or Tomislav II is much better ) is purely ASB.

Okay, point taken. Though if they were anti-monarchical why did they join the later Yugoslavia? If it was only pan-Slavism, I would kinda want to avert that mess from happening.

So in order to make your third claim come to reality, how about a sucessfull Republican revolution following the Communist uprising? Ilija can then return to Italy again for now.


Btw a minor, silly question for which I will take suggestions for the next few days (depending on the number of entries on the 1st February or after that):

What do you want me to do with Trotsky? Let him go to Russia again (after the American exile)? Let him stay in the US? Or let him go to a third country? What shall his future career ITTL be?
Just send me a PM, I will choose the best suggestion.


 
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abc123

Banned
Okay, point taken. Though if they were anti-monarchical why did they join the later Yugoslavia? If it was only pan-Slavism, I would kinda want to avert that mess from happening.

So in order to make your third claim come to reality, how about a sucessfull Republican revolution following the Communist uprising? Ilija can then return to Italy again for now.


Btw a minor, silly question for which I will take suggestions for the next few days (depending on the number of entries on the 1st February or after that):

What do you want me to do with Trotsky? Let him go to Russia again (after the American exile)? Let him stay in the US? Or let him go to a third country? What shall his future career ITTL be?
Just send me a PM, I will choose the best suggestion.



Well they did join in Jugoslavia later because they had no better option. Any other option was much worse.
So, if they somehow suceeded to make independent Croatia, they wouldn't obviously be so pressed to accept something against the will of majority of population.
IMO, only option for independent Croatia in 1918. is some sort union with Austria, replacing Hungary in dual union and keeping of Habsburgs as kings of Croatia.
Anything other leads to Yugoslavia or division of Croatia between Hungary, Italy and Serbia.
;)
 
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