[1] - The other is the Grand Duchy of Canada, where the majority speak Canadian French at home.
[2] - The UAR is made up of 37 constituent member states, each led by an executive-for-life and organized in one of five particular government forms:
(a) - Governates: 13 of the 37 constituent realms of the UAR are organized as governates, like East Florida, making it the plurality form of government found across the UAR. Governates tend to have both strong executives and strong legislatures, though which is stronger varies.
(b) - Counties: 12 of the realms are organized as counties, a form of organization that originated in the New England region and spread to the Midwest by way of New Englanders who settled in the midwest. Counties tend to be somewhere between Governates and Grand Duchies - they typically (but not always) have hereditary executives who hold considerable power, alongside legislatures that include powerful, popularly elected bodies. Peers in counties typically have no legislative function, but do oversee considerable local authorities over their respective earldoms.
(c) - Grand Duchies: The most aristocratic of the realms, there are four Grand Duchies (Canada, Carolina, Maryland and Palmetto). They typically have strong executives and legislatives heavily influenced by their respective peerages. The Grand Duchies have historically been the most realmist of the realms, i.e., they've typically advocated for a less-centralist confederal system.
(d) - Commonwealths: 4 of the 37 realms are organized as commonwealths. Executives in Commonwealths are the weakest of all, with largely ceremonial roles within their realms. Legislatures tend to have most of the authority in these realms, or executive functions are placed in executive councils. Peerages are typically weak in the four commonwealths, though Virginia and Riviera's peers hold some semblance of power by way of their slight legislative authority. Executives are selected by either the legislature, the populace, or a mixture, in Commonwealths.
(e) - Native Confederacies: The 4 native confederacies are the most autonomous type of realm and were all created in attempts to settle disputes with varying indigenous groups across the confederation in the 19th century. The first was the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, and it is also the only one of the four to have existed prior to the UAR itself. Though they were intended to be native majority realms, many have opened up to non-native emigration.
[3] - The Governate of Michigan is the other realm that employs an electoral college in its selection of an executive.
[4] - In TTL, the island of Hispaniola was renamed Haïti by the French after they got control of it in its entirety in 1702; while the island is called Haiti, its people are known as Dominicans (dominicaines).
[5] - A figure endemic to TTL.
[6] - A TTL term for genocide.
[7] - Essentially a surviving Gran Colombia, which in OTL was known simply as Colombia, being referred as Gran Colombia only later to differentiate it from the modern state of Colombia.
[8] - A Spanish-speaking nation that dominates the OTL US southwest.
[9] - The nation that controls the island of Haiti in the present day of this TL.
[10] - A large war that occurred between varying European powers in the middle of the 18th century akin to the OTL Seven Years War.
[11] - A native confederacy spanning what is OTL South Florida, named for the historic Mayami people and the large lake located within the realm, Lake Mayami, which itself is known as Lake Okeechobee in OTL.