Spring into Summer: 20 years after the Revolutions:
“There is another way for the bloodshed to stop: and that is, for the Iraqi military and the Iraqi people to take matters into their own hands and force Saddam Hussein, the dictator, to step aside and then comply with the United Nations' resolutions and rejoin the family of peace-loving nations.”
-US president George H.W. Bush
Twenty years ago, the Iraqi people rose up, cast aside their brutal tyrant, and ushered in a new era of peace, stability, and democracy. This unforgettable event, the Iraqi Intifada as history remembers it today, was a spontaneous uprising in the aftermath of the Gulf War. Today, we remember their efforts, their sacrifices, and their successes in the broader world.
After decades of enduring oppression under the ravenous regime of Saddam Hussein, whose avarice had led the country into blunder after blunder, the Iraqi people had had enough. They challenged their leaders, took to the streets, and made their voices heard. The Aftermath of the disastrous Iran-Iraq war had sapped Iraq of a decade of development, leaving it heavily in debt with little progress to show for. The Ba’ath regime’s attempt to recapture some glory and regain regional prestige came at the expense of development and demobilization. They hoped to expand Iraq's oil fields and extract tribute from their southern neighbor through an attempted invasion of Kuwait.
Of course, the international community would not stand for such aggression. Under American President George H.W. Bush, the nations of the Free World rallied together, swiftly expelling Iraq from Kuwait and destroying her war machine. Beleaguered from over a decade of senseless fighting, a motley band of rebels sprung up to make their voices heard loud and clear. The people would no longer stand for the Ba'ath. A diverse band of soldiers, exiles, minorities, young people, tribal leaders, and city dwellers all joined together—united in the dream of liberty.
They would not be alone. The Coalition heard the people sing and delivered aid in the form of weapons, training, supplies, and financial handouts. The Coalition handed their charity out into the hands of all rebel forces. Both northerners and southerners, Kurds and Shi’ites, tribal groups, or urban militias—anyone against the Ba’ath would be recognized for their courage and given a material boost. Caught between a pincer coming from the north and south, with no foreign aid and an increasingly demoralized Revolutionary Guard, a true revolution came to Iraq. In 1992 elections were held, ushering in a new era with a strong rule of law, brotherhood, and openness.
The impact of such monumental change cannot be ignored. Iraq was but the first step in a series of revolutions throughout the Middle East during the 1990s, collectively referred to as the Arab Springs. Today, many years later, we look to the past in order to reflect on the changes made during this time period."
TL;DR Arab Springs all throughout the 1990s beginning with Iraq and filtering outward. Feel free to ask any questions about the rest of the world.