Map Thread XIX

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Europe, 1953
A scenario inspired by a weird Soviet Union campaign in Darkest Hour, in which for some reason Germany declined to initiate Operation Barbarossa and instead fought the United Kingdom in Africa and the Middle East to a stalemate. Also, for some reason Hungary abandoned the Axis after the Second Vienna Diktat, while Turkey joined Germany and Italy in their Asian-African campaign. The Soviet Union and the Axis mantained a cold impasse with both sides preparing for the eventual clash, fortifying and strenghtening their forces on both sides of former Poland while Soviet oil fueled the German war machine against the Allies in an effort to wear them down for the Soviets to sweep after the war. In the meanwhile, the Soviets had collaborated with Anglo-Americans in the Far East against Japan by invading Manchuria.

On May the 1st 1948, after 8 years of preparation, the Soviet People's Kommissar for Foreign Affairs Vyacheslav Molotov informed his German homolog that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics rescinded all trade agreements with the German Reich, and sent an ultimatum requiring all Axis members to demilitarize their frontiers with the Union or face military retaliation. Soviet leader Iosif Stalin had already agreed with the United Kingdom and the United States to enter the war in return for substantial economic and material support. As soon as Reichskanzer und Fhürer Adolf Hitler learned of the ultimatum he ordered the mobilization of the Wehrmacht towards the Soviet Union without issuing a declaration of war.

The Soviets fought the Axis over three fronts: in the Caucasus against German-Turkish forces, in the Balkans against Romano-Bulgarian forces and in the Polish (Western in the Soviet historiography, Eastern in the German one) front against the bulk of the Wehrmacht. Early successes against Romania and Bulgaria led to coups to abandon the war, and by July '48 the Soviets were entering former Yugoslavian and Greek soils, with Istanbul finally in the hands of Russia and thus cutting the supply route of the Asiatic Axis forces. The Turkish regime eventually succumbed to Anglo-Soviet advances fro the West, East and South on September '48. On the Balkans, Soviet forces made tough advances through Yugoslavia ejecting Italians and Germans by December '48, while Italian Greece fell to Anglo-American landings on the South and Bulgaro-Soviet invasion from the North.

On the Polish front, casualties skyrocketed on both sides while neither gained the upper hand. Through use of its superior manpower reserves, the Soviet Union could slowly force the advance of the front, but by the beginning of 1949 the fight hadn't reached Germany proper yet. Both sides respected Hungarian neutrality because attacking it would have been a waste of resources that would had only widened the frontline. On the South, Anglo-Americans defeated the last Axis African forces in late '48 and initiated the invasion of Italy, while Soviet forces attempted to enter Germany through Austria without success. The fall of Sicily led to the Italian government to seek an armistice with the Allies prompting Germany to occupy the northern half of the country. Anglo-American forces teamed up with the remnants of the Regio Esercito and captured Central Italy, and the Soviet Balkan forces stormed the Po Valley fom the East.

On the second half of 1949, Soviet fores managed to capture Berlin, push the Wehrmacht west of the Elbe and invade Bohemia. The death of Hitler during the Battle of Berlin led to disarray on the German military, sieged from all sides. Anglo-American forces landed on Normandy in August '49 and forced a German general retreat from France, leaving most of the country to the PCF-dominated Resistance. On December 10th 1949, the last German generals surrendered and WW2 was considered to be ended, but many issues remained unresolved and the Western Allies were increasingly uncomfortable with their former ally. No formal plans had been devised, but Americans expected Germany to be jointly occupied by the three powers. However, the Red Army had reached the Rhine, and Stalin insisted on managing the occupation by themselves.

The first tensions rose as a result of the situation in France. Western Allies had supported the Free French movement led by Charles de Gaulle from London, and after the North African Campaign from Algiers, but most of metropolitan France was dominated by Resistance forces. When Charles de Gaulle announced his intention to move to Paris to head a provisional government to design a new constitution for the republic, the PCF threatened to initiate a general strike if they were not included. The Soviet government supported the French communists' position, and de Gaulle and the Western Allies accepted to prevent a civil war. The provisional government included de Gaulle's newly created National Republican Party, the PCF and the SFIO, but disagreements over the nature of the constitution ensued, with de Gaulle favoring a presidential form of government. After the general election of 1950 gave the PCF 43% of the vote and the SFIO 19%, de Gaulle resigned and those parties formed a coalition government led by the PCF that inflamed the fears of the Western Allies. From the south of France and supported by the new government, Spanish republican exiles are linking to the communist maquis that continue fighting the dictatorship of Franco and the risk of reigniting the civil war is making Anglo-Americans reconsider their stance against Spain.

To avoid that situation in Italy, Americans unilateraly restored the Kingdom of Italy and invited Umberto II to Rome, planing to use the remnants of the old regime to curb the rising communists. The British collaborated and merged thir occupation zone to the Kingdom and began collaborating with ex-fascists and mafiosi to persecute red partisans. The Soviets refused to merge their zone into a monarchical capitalist Italy, insisting on creating a republican neutral Italy that would be thoroughly de-fascistised confident on the strength of the Italian communists to drift the country to the Soviet orbit. Deprived of that chance, Soviet occupation authorities began transferring administrative responsibility to Italian communist leaders in mid-1950, and the Italian Democratic Republic began to function as a state on 7 January 1951 as a rival enttity to the Kingdom of Italy to its south. Similar events happened in Greece, where a Western-backed restored Kingdom controlled the south and the islands while a Soviet-propped Socialist Republic dominated the north.

In the Balkans, the Soviet forces restored Yugoslavia, Albania and Czechoslovakia and installed loyal ommunist governments, while Bulgaria was forced to relinquish territories gained during the war. Hungary remained an oddity, surrounded by Soviet-occupied socialist countries, and was forced to cede Transcarpathia to the Ukranian SSR and territories conquered from Yugoslavia through the threat of economic blockade, but was allowed to retain North Transylvania and Southern Slovakia and was awarded Sopron from Germany, having become a puppet of the Soviet Union in all but name and being a matter of time that Hungarian communists accede to power. In Anatolia, negotiations to create a neutral Turkish republic have stalled as the Soviets unilaterally annexed the straits zone to the Russian SSR and land claimed by the Georgian and Armenian SSRs in the east.

In Germany, Soviet occupational forces have unleashed a brutal campaign to de-nazify the population and implant Soviet communism. The Reich has been abolished and substituted by a Räterepublik, with forced collectivization of all land and industry. Asutria has been separated into its own Räterepublik and its boder revised in favor of Hungary and Yugoslavia. Germany has lost every bit of land gained during the war and more, ceding East prussia and Upper Silesia. Soviet military occupies officially only the Rhineland to extract reparations and manage the nationalization, but in fact the whole country is under their boot. Native communists are being put in power positions while rightist sympathisers are persecuted and reeducated and ex-nazis ad militarymen are judged and executed. As Soviets discover and expose the extent of the Nazi extermination program carried over nearly 10 years, the world turns a blind eye to the German situation. Not even the West dares to support anticommunist guerrillas in the Alps.
 
It doesn't look all that bad for the Eastern Romans. They still got control of Egypt, and the Levant.

What of Armenia under Persian rule?

Ostrogothic Kingdom survives, and conquers part of North Africa and even Spain?
It's mainly because of the historical plague. The Sassanians couldn't afford to continue the campaign and settled with gaining influence over Armenia, and eventually integrated it. That's not also the Ostrogoths, Belisarius was never recalled resulting in the Sassanians victory. It's a breakoff restoration of the Western Roman Empire.
 
It's mainly because of the historical plague. The Sassanians couldn't afford to continue the campaign and settled with gaining influence over Armenia, and eventually integrated it. That's not also the Ostrogoths, Belisarius was never recalled resulting in the Sassanians victory. It's a breakoff restoration of the Western Roman Empire.

Oh, my bad. Still pretty interesting the Eastern Romans was successful in the West (WRE restore breakway state.) even if not at the Sassanians.
 
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This concept of this world is essentially the Medieval Church (particularly the Catholic Church) always rolls snake-eyes during the 7th and 8th centuries.

Worse internal divisions start under Pope Martin I (r. 649-655), who in OTL was rather unsuccessful in taking back Papal independence from the Byzantines but nevertheless got the ball-rolling on that front. In this ATL, a longer reigned Pope Martin is able to kick the Byzantines out of Italy with a military campaign, and proceeds to rub salt in the wound by excommunicating the Emperor. When the Second Arab Expedition to Italy happens in 669, Umayyad generals find Italy in disarray, and establish enough of a toe-hold in the South to hang on and stay permanently. Meanwhile, in the Byzantine Empire, a Pagan revivalist movement grows[1]. In the next two hundred years, the Iberian, Italian, Balkan, and Anatolian peninsulas are all overrun by the Umayyads; while Islam remains cemented in most of these lands, repression of the Neo-Pagan movement in the Balkans backfires (as repressions of religious movements are want to do) ensuring that Neo-Pagans are, following independence 800 years later, pluralities in two countries. At the same time, and owing to a very different Byzantine history, the Slavs are first converted not by Saint Cyril and co but by Jewish Rabbis[2], while in Northern Europe, Nordic Paganism remains dominant[3]. By around the year 1000 A.D., a shrunken Christendom has thrown off the Pope (and indeed, a fair bit of Christian theology)[4].

[1] Although the 'Hermetics' claim to part of an unbroken line of spiritual teaching back to Socrates and before, they actually have very little to do with Classical Paganism (not least the fact that they worship Hermes rather than all of the Olympians and seem almost monotheistic, perhaps more accurately 'henotheistic'). Over a millennia of influence by Christians, Muslims, and Jews has considerably worn off; the Hermetics treat Wednesday as their holy day of the week, and have there own divinely-inspired 'Holy Book.' Interpretations of 'Hermes the Alchemist' abound, but the most literal one is that just as Zeus overthrew Chronos, so too has Hermes overthrown Zeus. The Hermeticists are fairly laid-back about other religions however, regarding the Abrahamic One God as a manifestation of trickster Hermes playing around with humanity. Although never a majority of the population in any country, Hermetics have influenced other religions residing in the Balkans and Anatolia. They've survived in part because they functioned as a buffer zone between Islamic Jihads into Europe and Jewish efforts to recreate the Kingdom of Israel.

[2] Fortunately, Vodka is kosher. Like the Khazars of OTL, the Slavs converted to Judaism, but unlike them, in an era of collapsing Christendom (and Jewish migrations east) it managed to stick. Subsequent centuries, in which Judaism dominated the political and religious life of one region of the world, rather changed the development of cultural tendencies within the religion.

[3] Fairly early on the Middle Ages, followers of the Nordic faith let go of the more icky bits like blood sacrifices of others (ritual self-sacrifice being okay), but other than that they've absorbed much less influence from the Abrahamic faiths. After a religious reformation of sorts in the 1800s, the modern-day form of the religion is stripped of most of its polytheistic mythology and is much more of a doctrine-less appreciation for nature and the natural world than anything organized. Fasting, physical athleticism, and nature-gazing do remain as hazy ideals held by adherents. Nowadays Thor is most likely to be seen as a stick-figure graffiti on train stations in Scandinavia than in anything resembling a cathedral.

[4] Imagine a cross between Cathars and the Knights Templar. What remained of Christendom initially felt a conflict between inward-looking tendencies and a chivalric ethos encouraging the re-Christianization of the Roman World. Doctrinally, the Pope was removed (and the many monastic orders across Western Europe made more 'democratic'). 'Neo-Christians' (they don't call themselves that of course) began embracing Gnostic interpretations of the faith, such as the non-literal divinity of Jesus. Their doctrine now holds that there are two Gods eternally at war: a worldly, material, and evil God of the Old Testament and a spiritual, formless, good God of whom Jesus spoke. Neo-Christian cut down the bible considerably, keeping the Old Testament around as a testament to the 'crimes' of Satan the Worldly God, and limited themselves to worshipping the teachings of the New Testament. Identifying Jews and Muslims as worshippers of the material god, the Neo-Christian states were busy launching crusades into Spain/Italy/Central Europe as late as the 1400s (too weak to send an army all the way to Palestine though), although the Pacifist undercurrents in this religion were quick to claim Jesus' teachings as peaceful. Ironically, the only military successes that the Neo-Christians have to speak of came in the reclamation of the British isles for the faith.



By the year 2000 A.D., most of these wars of religion have fizzled out- new ideas like nationalism and *socialism/capitalism, alongside the industrial and computational revolutions having taken center stage. Nonetheless, Europe as a whole remains generally religious, though whether one's religion is about personal understanding or a collective appreciation of identity varies. Major wars, centered on non-religious lines, and the earlier growth of secular political rule (a necessity in a more religiously diverse Europe) have moved the focus away from political faith. In the wider world, technological and military confrontation was often as damaging as in OTL, but here there was nothing like the singular advance of European Christianity in our world (the Nordics even made little to no effort to convert natives in their colonies). As a result, traditional and indigenous religions are more common worldwide, although globally Islam has somewhat picked up the slack as it constitutes nearly 30% of the world's population.
 
I finished another Crumpleverse infographic. Rather than a remake this time it's featuring a world frequently referred to in past Crumpleverse content; Asterion.

A beautiful map! I like the austere style and the elegant use of space. It looks like something you might find on a well-designed government website.
 
A beautiful map! I like the austere style and the elegant use of space. It looks like something you might find on a well-designed government website.
Thank you! I've been making a lot of infographics the past half year or more, many of them without maps, and I feel like I'm starting to get a better handle on them.
 
So, some of you might remember the World-Raj. My little effort to Raj-ify the whole world after being a bit unimpressed with how simple most interpretations were. It decidedly ran out of steam a while back due to a combination of real life matters and wanting to revise the earliest bits of it.

Well, I've finally gone and made a start on revising it. On a larger scale. With more detail. So yeah expect this to be a long project. For the record, it's entirely an intellectual exercise. I've given some more backstory this time, but really don't try and analyse that too much, it's going to be a rather large fudge to post-facto justify the aesthetic decisions.

That being said, here's part one. @B_Munro because I know you were always keeping an eye out for updates.

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The Crown of Wales is the youngest of the Realms which together make up the United Kingdoms - assuming one doesn't consider the Great Electorate to be a new foundation on its legal unification - having been established in 1698 as part of the constitutional reforms precipitated by James I, II and VII due to the impending succession crisis of the House of Stuart. Its roots are far earlier however, stretching back to before the Norman Conquest of England with the first efforts to impose English overlordship over what were at that times the Welsh regions of Gwent and Morgannwg. Over the next two centuries England gradually established her rule over Wales through a series of Palatine Lordships in what became known as the Welsh Marches, finally requiring the independent Princes to swear fealty to the English monarch in the mid 13th Century. The existence of the Principalities was threatened by several minor rebellions and near-rebellions over the next 50 years, but the weakness of Edward II, followed by the alliance between Prince Owain ap Llywelyn and the young Edward III against their mutual enemy Roger Mortimer ensured that the latter's position was recognised and expanded with being named overlord over the lesser princes at the Treaty of Montgomery in 1331, though it stopped short of recognising him as Prince of Wales.

That full domination was to be short lived- by the time of his grandson Llywellyn ap Dafydd the domains of the Prince of Snowdonia had reduced to more or less their current extent- but the settlement with England endured through the Castilian Union, the War of the French Succession and the subsequent Wars of the Roses, by the end of the lands of both the Mortimer Earls of March and the Earl of Pembroke, a lesser rival of the Princes, had merged with the Crown. Indeed, by the 16th Century - when the ascension of Henry Tudor to the throne meant that for the first time a member of the Welsh gentry sat upon the Triple Throne- the Monarch directly possessed the majority of the Marches, though the Earldom of March and the vast lands that were associated with it had become customary to grant to the heir to the throne, along with the Earldom of Cheshire and Flint, and the Duchy of Cornwall.

With the Act of 1698, the various Marcher Lordships and the Principalities were brought together into a unified constitutional entity- the Crown of Wales, in which the Monarch assumed the title of Prince of Wales, and the Prince of Snowdonia was granted extensive powers of patronage and support for the cultural institutions of the Welsh language including the appointment of the Archbishop of St. David's. The longest running dispute over the Act was the position of Bishop's Castle- a Palatine territory of the Bishop of Hereford, where there was a significant faction in court calling for its annexation to Herefordshire- though somewhat ironically the Bishop of Hereford was on the chief opponents of this. The new constitutional settlement was incorporated wholesale into the framework of the United Kingdoms on its creation in 1749, and remains, with minor revisions, in force to the present.

Under the terms of the 1698 Act, the various territories of Wales can be grouped into four categories.

The Royal Demesne: is governed directly by the Parliament of the Welsh Marches on the behalf of the Monarch. By the terms of the 1698 Act, the laws passed by this body- termed 'English Law' due to being integrated into the Judicial framework of the Kingdom of England due to a 1332 Statute passed as a corollary of the Treaty of Monmouth- are held to be in equal standing within the Royal Demesne with the 'Welsh Law' passed by the Senedd, with overarching legislation being enacted by the Council of Wales and the Marches, which acts as an upper chamber for both bodies in lieu of the House of Lords.

The Palatine Counties of the Royal Demesne: Comprising the Earldoms of Pembroke and Glamorgan, held by the Monarch, and the Earldom of March, held by the Heir to the Throne. In legal terms these are legislatively autonomous from the Parliament of the Welsh Marches, and though electing members to that body are not required to adopt all the laws passed by it. By convention, however, the Crown (as expressed by Monarch and Heir) adopts all legislature passed by the Parliament save where it relates to the collection of Taxes where the Crown is entitled to 20% of the revenue. As such, and also by convention, English and Welsh Law are in equal standing in these counties.

The Marcher Lordships: Ranging from the County Corporate of Holyhead (created by agreement with Prince Llywellyn ap Llywellyn in 1879) to the Lordship of Chepstow, the Marcher Lordships elect representatives to the Parliament of the Welsh Marchers, but have extensive legislative autonomy. In theory this autonomy frees them from all obligations to follow the Laws of the Parliament, but in practice this simply expresses itself in numerous exemptions or expansions to that body's legislature. The exceptions are those which have chosen to follow either English or Welsh Law solely- though the number doing so has declined over the last century, with the County Corporate of Carmarthen being the latest to abandon pure English Law in 2005.

The Principalities: are the remaining 'independent' Welsh domains owing direct fealty to the Monarch (in his position as Prince of Wales). As such, they are not represented in the Parliament of the Welsh Marches, though they are in the Parliament of the United Kingdoms- where the seven Princes also have representation in the House of Lords. They universally follow Welsh Law only, which is passed in the Senedd, established by Prince Dafydd ap Owain in 1358 and based in the town of Machynlleth. The area from which representatives for this body have been elected from has gradually expanded- initially only encompassing those territories directly giving fealty to the Prince of Snowdonia, the first elected representatives from Dewisland were admitted in 1592. There remain occasional fights over the Prince of Snowdonia's role as overlord over the other Welsh Princes.

While the Court of Great Sessions- the highest court in Wales and responsible for resolving all disputes between the application of English or Welsh Law- was established as part of the 1698 Act, in the process removing the Welsh circles from the English Judiciary, the Church in Wales is far older. A degree of ecclesiastical autonomy had been established by the extension of Gallican Principles across the Triple Crown by Henry VIII in the 1530s, but this was not formalised until the elevation of the See of St. David's to Arch-episcopal status in 1592. The four ancient dioceses of Bangor, St. Asaph, St. David's and Llandaff were to be joined by Brecon (created from parts of Llandaff, St. David's and St. Asaph) in 1729, Usk in 1879 (created from Llandaff, but gaining the Archdeaconry of Monmouth from Brecon) and finally Swansea and Carmarthen (split from St. David's) in 1927. The first approved bible in Welsh was produced in 1597, with the first service in Welsh occurring in St. David's Cathedral in 1787 following the relaxation on the rules regarding the use of Latin in services in the Council of Siena.

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The Continental Alliance and Economic System as Envisioned by Emperor Napoleon II
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I'm planning on eventually creating a timeline where Napoleon II lives and goes on to take his father's throne restoring the Glory of the French Empire. Vive le Empereur! Vive la France! This map is kinda rough draft and a sort of test of my map-making abilities. I used an EUIV map as a basemap. What do you guys think, any feedback/constructive cricism is welcome.

Here's the basic pod I'm thinking of. Napoleon I dies a Leipzig leading his armies in the defense of France making him out to be a hero with historians of ttl postulating that had Napoleon not been taken out by a stray enemy bullet, France likely would have won the battle. Napoleon II is legally the next Emperor for the coming days, but the collapse of the Empire at the seams with the advancing armies of the Coalition, sees the French Senate depose the young Emperor with Louis XVIII being given the throne of France. Here there's no Hundred Days Campaign and as a result France is much stronger than otl without the war indemnity and demands of the war causing further strain on the economy and depletion of France's manpower. France also kept its 1791 territories before the Revolution which gives access to more resources from the Rhineland which helps it in terms of industrialization.

Napoleon II fled with his mother the Empress Maria Theresa and was stuck in Austria, trapped in a golden cage in Vienna that was built by his Habsburg relatives to keep him from returning to France. Napoleon II however earned a military post in the Austrian army in Austrian Tyrol where he was able to get in contact with his other Bonparte Cousins: Napoleon-Louis and Louis-Napoleon (otl's Napoleon III). In 1830 a worse July Revolution ends up with the French Royal family and the Orleanists are driven from France with Second Republic being proclaimed in Paris and central France. Though this government isn't recognized by the French elites, the general French people in the countryside, and the French army, though without the Royal family, they are unable to coordinate a response against them. Napoleon II emerges as a hero presenting himself as the one man capable of restoring order to France. Napoleon II appeals to both French conservatives and liberals where he marches on Paris and deposes the French Commune style Second French Republic. Napoleon began consolidating his power rapidly after taking power with him forming a new political coalition that allowed him to reinstate the Constitution of 1812 with some modifications for the current political realities of the era, though functionally the Emperor retained his powers as a Revolutionary Autocrat much like his father before him.

Spain retains most of its colonies unlike in otl with Gran Columbia only being able to successfully break-away from Spain after fighting Spain to a stalemate under the leadership of General Bolivar. In ttl the Liberal Trienium isn't establish since the revolt of Raphael de Riego doesn't take place. The large 19 battalion army gathered by King Ferdinand VII goes to La Plata where they coordinate with the remaining Royalist holdouts to attain victory.

In 1830 the Belgian Revolution had taken place with a new free state of Belgium being proclaimed. Napoleon tried to work out a solution with the British where France would annex Wallonia in accordance with the modified Talleyrand plan. However the British fear of Napoleon becoming like his father caused these negotiations to fall through. However the Dutch army soon invaded the short-lived Kingdom of Belgium where they were met by French Troops. The treaty of Flanders between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the French Empire saw the partition of Belgium with the Francophone Wallonia going to France while the Flemish speaking regions of Belgium were re-absorbed into the Netherlands. While this arrangement angered the British, they still weren't ready willing to go to war over this as France still didn't have the port of Antwerp.

In 1833 the Carlist Wars broke out in Spain against the ascension the titular Queen Isabella II. Her uncle the Infante Don Carlos citing Salic Law of the House of Bourbon proclaims himself the rightful King of Spain. Much of the liberals in Spain side with Isabella II who hope to liberalize the country under her regency, as she's just a child. However Carlos appeals to the clergy, conservatives, and traditionalists who were alienated by anti-clerical stance of the liberals. Carlos also enjoyed wider support from the peasants of Catalonia and Navarre who saw their autonomy under Ferdinand VII reduced. The problem with the Carlist Faction is that both Britain and Portugal supported Isabella and recognized her as the rightful ruler. The colonies who were under more conservative rulers like Viceroy Augustin d'Iturbide sided with Don Carlos who stylized himself as Carlos VI de Bourbon. France however was officially neutral in the conflict, but due to Britain angering it with it opposition to annexing Wallonia, France secretly began supporting Don Carlos by smuggling weapons and financial aid across the Pyrenees Mountains and into the Carlists' hands. It was with this support that the Carlists took over Spain triumphantly and instituted a Reactionary Neo-Absolutist Government with the help of Zumalacárregui who became the power behind the throne.

Napoleon II begins establishing closer relations with Spain who was grateful for the support. Portugal however becomes fierce rivals with Spain thanks to its opposition to Don Carlos. In ttl Pedro I of Brazil takes the throne of Portugal as Pedro IV and I which paves the way for the Lusophone Commonwealth. Spain and France become more economically intertwined with French investment going to Spain as per Napoleon II's directive. The partnership and eventual alliance between the Revolutionary Second French Empire and the Legitmist Neo-Absolutist Carlist Spain made for strange bedfellows in the trying times that was the long 19th century.

In 1848 Nationalist Revolutions and Rebellion broke out in the Austrian Empire in Italy and in Hungary. The Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont worked to move against the Austrian Empire proclaiming its intent to create a unified Italian Kingdom. Hungary with its own growing nationalist movements soon declared its own independence from the Austrian Crown. Napoleon II who was apprehensive about moving against his Habsburg cousins, was forced to intervene when a similar Revolutionary movement in Italy proclaimed a Roman Republic in 1849 which saw the expulsion of the Pope where he fled to France. The shock of the center of the Catholic World falling to Revolutionaries elicited feelings of mass outrage from the Catholic peasantry and conservatives in both Spain and France. This motivated the Emperor to invade Italy with his intent being to restore the Pope to power. In a move similar to what occurred between the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne, the Pope pronounced Napoleon II as the Defender of the Faith and the lawful King of Italy a title which Napoleon II was invested with by his father as an infant. The Kingdom of Sardinia soon shocked by the declaration began a war against the French in a border skirmish at the French Alpine border. This saw Napoleon's armies steamroll the small Savoyard Kingdom with Napoleon taking all of Northern Italy under his rule thanks to the Habsburg withdrawal of troops to fight the Hungarians. Napoleon II then struck a deal with the Pope where he unified Italy into a Confederation nominally headed by the Pope but under the secular control and protection of the French Empire. With the assassination of King Ferdinand II of Two-Sicilies, the Kingdom experienced unrest with numerous peasant revolts. Napoleon then invaded and added the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily as constituent states of his Italian Confederation.

With Austria being unable to defeat the Hungarians, Archduchess Sophie appealed to her Napoleon II who was Napoleon's aunt by marriage to help save the Austrian Empire. Napoleon then began his army's march into Austria after securing the recognition of the Confederation of Italy by the Austrian Court. Napoleon then personally led his forces at the battle of Buda in 1850 where he crushed the Hungarian Army and restored Austrian control of their rebellious Kingdom. Though with the appeal to bringing in outside force, Hungary was alienated from Austria which saw Kaiser Franz-Joseph assassinated by a Hungarian Nationalist. This saw the more liberal Maximilan take the throne. While Maximilian was liberal, he began to become more conservative after he was shaken by the death of his brother, and modeled his government after the Imperial French style of a Constitutionally Absolute Monarchy with a show Parliament being created as an advisory body. Maximilian in revenge for his brother's death cracked down hard on the Hungarian Magnates where he stripped many of them of their property and lands which was redistributed among the peasantry and loyal nobility. Maximilian also worked to partner with the various local minorities within Hungary to counter the movements of Hungarian nationalism. Though because of the weakened nature the Empire, Austria became dependent on France with Maximlian signing a mutual treaty of friendship and various economic and trade agreements that opened up the Austrian economy to French markets which had the effect of tying Austria to Napoleon II much like Carlist Spain.

Spain also supports the Confederacy in ttl who manages to defeat the Union and gain diplomatic recognition as an independent state.

In 1848 Germany unified at the Frankfurt Convention with King Frederick Wilhelm of Prussia deciding to accept the Crown from the gutter to create his own state that would stay as a counterbalance to the revived Imperial France. Napoleon II forced to contend with a large power on his doorstep began to focus on expanding his own colonial Empire in Africa to avoid another coalition forming against him. Britain soon begins favoring this German Empire as a counterbalance against the French Empire. Russia however begins to feel threatened by this large power on its doorstep.

In the Balkans, the Ottomans in ttl are able to crush the Greek revolts which delay the independence movements in the Balkans by another decade. However civil war soon breaks out with Russia partnering with France and Austria to partition the Ottomans. Muhammed Ali with French support, breaks free from Ottoman control and France supports them by moving forces into Ottoman Tunisia and Tripoli and annexing them as part of the French Empire. Austria gains dominion over the Western Balkans with the creation of the Federal Kingdom of Ilyria in a personal union with the Austrian Empire. Russia on the other-hand annexes Molodvia into its Empire while establishing a client state in Bulgaria along with Kingdoms in Armenia and Georgia as allied states. As French, Austrian, and Russian forces close in on Constantinople, Greek Revolutionaries begin an uprising, and greet the allied army as liberators. However to avoid Russia having too much control, a neutral Kingdom of Greece is established with it holding Constantinople. A Romanov Prince is given its throne who is married to one of Napoleon II's daughters.

This upset to the Balance of powers triggers what would be known as the Great War, or the War of the Seventh Coalition in France. Due to Spain and France signing a secret mutual defense pact, Spain then invades Gibraltar and attack Portugal. Portugal, the UK, the German Empire, declare war on the Holy League (Austria, Russia, Carlist Spain, and Imperial France). tensions between the Union and the Confederacy also leads to a war between them breaking out as another phase in the Great War with Britain and Spain backing their respective proxies in the Americas. Gran-Columbia also joined in on the fighting to threaten Spain's dominion in Spanish America.

However the War in Europe is a decisive victory for the Holy League which sees Austria regain Silesia. France which had steadily been industrializing and rearming the Grand Armee since 1830 under Napoleon II's steadfast leadership, crushed the fledgling German Empire with French troops marching all the way to Berlin. France then broke up Germany and restored the Confederation of the Rhine. Prussia being blamed as the catalyst for the war was dismantled by Napoleon with it only consisting of Eastern Prussia and the territories of the Electorate of Brandenburg. Its rulers were forcibly demoted in their position of Kings and Kaiser to becoming mere Grand Dukes of Brandenburg-Prussia. Saxony received all its old lands including the ones lost to Frederick II. Napoleon also restored the Bonaparte Kingdom of Westphalia and created and independent Romanov Duchy of Pomerania to add further insult to injury to the Prussians. Posen was released as a separate Grand Duchy and was ruled in a Personal Union with the King of Saxony hearkening back to Napoleon I's Grand Duchy of Warsaw. However this separate Polish state would open old tensions between Imperial France and Russia over the issue of Poland that would see the Russian Empire drift further from France in the coming decades after the war.

The War in the Americas saw a general stalemate emerge once again between the Confederacy and Union which signed a peace treaty. Gran-Columbia which was rife with corruption and only intact due to the support from Brazil and a fear of re-annexation into Spain saw its armies collapse in the face of the rejuvenated Spanish Army. The rule of Carlos V's son Carlos VI saw Spain make gradual reforms of the military, economic, and political system. He allowed for more autonomy/federalization of the colonies which helped Spain gain the favor of the Colonial elites. The Kingdom of the Netherlands stayed neutral and made enormous profits by using its strategic position to sell weapons to both sides of the conflict.

What do you guys think of this brief outline for this tl?
 
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The Continental Alliance and Economic System as Envisioned by Emperor Napoleon II
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I'm planning on eventually creating a timeline where Napoleon II lives and goes on to take his father's throne restoring the Glory of the French Empire. Vive le Empereur! Vive la France! This map is kinda rough draft and a sort of test of my map-making abilities. I used an EUIV map as a basemap. What do you guys think, any feedback/constructive cricism is welcome.

Here's the basic pod I'm thinking of. Napoleon I dies a Leipzig leading his armies in the defense of France making him out to be a hero with historians of ttl postulating that had Napoleon not been taken out by a stray enemy bullet, France likely would have won the battle. Napoleon II is legally the next Emperor for the coming days, but the collapse of the Empire at the seams with the advancing armies of the Coalition, sees the French Senate depose the young Emperor with Louis XVIII being given the throne of France. Here there's no Hundred Days Campaign and as a result France is much stronger than otl without the war indemnity and demands of the war causing further strain on the economy and depletion of France's manpower. France also kept its 1791 territories before the Revolution which gives access to more resources from the Rhineland which helps it in terms of industrialization.

Napoleon II fled with his mother the Empress Maria Theresa and was stuck in Austria, trapped in a golden cage in Vienna that was built by his Habsburg relatives to keep him from returning to France. Napoleon II however earned a military post in the Austrian army in Austrian Tyrol where he was able to get in contact with his other Bonparte Cousins: Napoleon-Louis and Louis-Napoleon (otl's Napoleon III). In 1830 a worse July Revolution ends up with the French Royal family and the Orleanists are driven from France with Second Republic being proclaimed in Paris and central France. Though this government isn't recognized by the French elites, the general French people in the countryside, and the French army, though without the Royal family, they are unable to coordinate a response against them. Napoleon II emerges as a hero presenting himself as the one man capable of restoring order to France. Napoleon II appeals to both French conservatives and liberals where he marches on Paris and deposes the French Commune style Second French Republic. Napoleon began consolidating his power rapidly after taking power with him forming a new political coalition that allowed him to reinstate the Constitution of 1812 with some modifications for the current political realities of the era, though functionally the Emperor retained his powers as a Revolutionary Autocrat much like his father before him.

Spain retains most of its colonies unlike in otl with Gran Columbia only being able to successfully break-away from Spain after fighting Spain to a stalemate under the leadership of General Bolivar. In ttl the Liberal Trienium isn't establish since the revolt of Raphael de Riego doesn't take place. The large 19 battalion army gathered by King Ferdinand VII goes to La Plata where they coordinate with the remaining Royalist holdouts to attain victory.

In 1830 the Belgian Revolution had taken place with a new free state of Belgium being proclaimed. Napoleon tried to work out a solution with the British where France would annex Wallonia in accordance with the modified Talleyrand plan. However the British fear of Napoleon becoming like his father caused these negotiations to fall through. However the Dutch army soon invaded the short-lived Kingdom of Belgium where they were met by French Troops. The treaty of Flanders between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the French Empire saw the partition of Belgium with the Francophone Wallonia going to France while the Flemish speaking regions of Belgium were re-absorbed into the Netherlands. While this arrangement angered the British, they still weren't ready willing to go to war over this as France still didn't have the port of Antwerp.

In 1833 the Carlist Wars broke out in Spain against the ascension the titular Queen Isabella II. Her uncle the Infante Don Carlos citing Salic Law of the House of Bourbon proclaims himself the rightful King of Spain. Much of the liberals in Spain side with Isabella II who hope to liberalize the country under her regency, as she's just a child. However Carlos appeals to the clergy, conservatives, and traditionalists who were alienated by anti-clerical stance of the liberals. Carlos also enjoyed wider support from the peasants of Catalonia and Navarre who saw their autonomy under Ferdinand VII reduced. The problem with the Carlist Faction is that both Britain and Portugal supported Isabella and recognized her as the rightful ruler. The colonies who were under more conservative rulers like Viceroy Augustin d'Iturbide sided with Don Carlos who stylized himself as Carlos VI de Bourbon. France however was officially neutral in the conflict, but due to Britain angering it with it opposition to annexing Wallonia, France secretly began supporting Don Carlos by smuggling weapons and financial aid across the Pyrenees Mountains and into the Carlists' hands. It was with this support that the Carlists took over Spain triumphantly and instituted a Reactionary Neo-Absolutist Government with the help of Zumalacárregui who became the power behind the throne.

Napoleon II begins establishing closer relations with Spain who was grateful for the support. Portugal however becomes fierce rivals with Spain thanks to its opposition to Don Carlos. In ttl Pedro I of Brazil takes the throne of Portugal as Pedro IV and I which paves the way for the Lusophone Commonwealth. Spain and France become more economically intertwined with French investment going to Spain as per Napoleon II's directive. The partnership and eventual alliance between the Revolutionary Second French Empire and the Legitmist Neo-Absolutist Carlist Spain made for strange bedfellows in the trying times that was the long 19th century.

In 1848 Nationalist Revolutions and Rebellion broke out in the Austrian Empire in Italy and in Hungary. The Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont worked to move against the Austrian Empire proclaiming its intent to create a unified Italian Kingdom. Hungary with its own growing nationalist movements soon declared its own independence from the Austrian Crown. Napoleon II who was apprehensive about moving against his Habsburg cousins, was forced to intervene when a similar Revolutionary movement in Italy proclaimed a Roman Republic in 1849 which saw the expulsion of the Pope where he fled to France. The shock of the center of the Catholic World falling to Revolutionaries elicited feelings of mass outrage from the Catholic peasantry and conservatives in both Spain and France. This motivated the Emperor to invade Italy with his intent being to restore the Pope to power. In a move similar to what occurred between the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne, the Pope pronounced Napoleon II as the Defender of the Faith and the lawful King of Italy a title which Napoleon II was invested with by his father as an infant. The Kingdom of Sardinia soon shocked by the declaration began a war against the French in a border skirmish at the French Alpine border. This saw Napoleon's armies steamroll the small Savoyard Kingdom with Napoleon taking all of Northern Italy under his rule thanks to the Habsburg withdrawal of troops to fight the Hungarians. Napoleon II then struck a deal with the Pope where he unified Italy into a Confederation nominally headed by the Pope but under the secular control and protection of the French Empire. With the assassination of King Ferdinand II of Two-Sicilies, the Kingdom experienced unrest with numerous peasant revolts. Napoleon then invaded and added the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily as constituent states of his Italian Confederation.

With Austria being unable to defeat the Hungarians, Archduchess Sophie appealed to her Napoleon II who was Napoleon's aunt by marriage to help save the Austrian Empire. Napoleon then began his army's march into Austria after securing the recognition of the Confederation of Italy by the Austrian Court. Napoleon then personally led his forces at the battle of Buda in 1850 where he crushed the Hungarian Army and restored Austrian control of their rebellious Kingdom. Though with the appeal to bringing in outside force, Hungary was alienated from Austria which saw Kaiser Franz-Joseph assassinated by a Hungarian Nationalist. This saw the more liberal Maximilan take the throne. While Maximilian was liberal, he began to become more conservative after he was shaken by the death of his brother, and modeled his government after the Imperial French style of a Constitutionally Absolute Monarchy with a show Parliament being created as an advisory body. Maximilian in revenge for his brother's death cracked down hard on the Hungarian Magnates where he stripped many of them of their property and lands which was redistributed among the peasantry and loyal nobility. Maximilian also worked to partner with the various local minorities within Hungary to counter the movements of Hungarian nationalism. Though because of the weakened nature the Empire, Austria became dependent on France with Maximlian signing a mutual treaty of friendship and various economic and trade agreements that opened up the Austrian economy to French markets which had the effect of tying Austria to Napoleon II much like Carlist Spain.

Spain also supports the Confederacy in ttl who manages to defeat the Union and gain diplomatic recognition as an independent state.

In 1848 Germany unified at the Frankfurt Convention with King Frederick Wilhelm of Prussia deciding to accept the Crown from the gutter to create his own state that would stay as a counterbalance to the revived Imperial France. Napoleon II forced to contend with a large power on his doorstep began to focus on expanding his own colonial Empire in Africa to avoid another coalition forming against him. Britain soon begins favoring this German Empire as a counterbalance against the French Empire. Russia however begins to feel threatened by this large power on its doorstep.

In the Balkans, the Ottomans in ttl are able to crush the Greek revolts which delay the independence movements in the Balkans by another decade. However civil war soon breaks out with Russia partnering with France and Austria to partition the Ottomans. Muhammed Ali with French support, breaks free from Ottoman control and France supports them by moving forces into Ottoman Tunisia and Tripoli and annexing them as part of the French Empire. Austria gains dominion over the Western Balkans with the creation of the Federal Kingdom of Ilyria in a personal union with the Austrian Empire. Russia on the other-hand annexes Molodvia into its Empire while establishing a client state in Bulgaria along with Kingdoms in Armenia and Georgia as allied states. As French, Austrian, and Russian forces close in on Constantinople, Greek Revolutionaries begin an uprising, and greet the allied army as liberators. However to avoid Russia having too much control, a neutral Kingdom of Greece is established with it holding Constantinople. A Romanov Prince is given its throne who is married to one of Napoleon II's daughters.

This upset to the Balance of powers triggers what would be known as the Great War, or the War of the Seventh Coalition in France. Due to Spain and France signing a secret mutual defense pact, Spain then invades Gibraltar and attack Portugal. Portugal, the UK, the German Empire, declare war on the Holy League (Austria, Russia, Carlist Spain, and Imperial France). tensions between the Union and the Confederacy also leads to a war between them breaking out as another phase in the Great War with Britain and Spain backing their respective proxies in the Americas. Gran-Columbia also joined in on the fighting to threaten Spain's dominion in Spanish America.

However the War in Europe is a decisive victory for the Holy League which sees Austria regain Silesia. France which had steadily been industrializing and rearming the Grand Armee since 1830 under Napoleon II's steadfast leadership, crushed the fledgling German Empire with French troops marching all the way to Berlin. France then broke up Germany and restored the Confederation of the Rhine. Prussia being blamed as the catalyst for the war was dismantled by Napoleon with it only consisting of Eastern Prussia and the territories of the Electorate of Brandenburg. Its rulers were forcibly demoted in their position of Kings and Kaiser to becoming mere Grand Dukes of Brandenburg-Prussia. Saxony received all its old lands including the ones lost to Frederick II. Napoleon also restored the Bonaparte Kingdom of Westphalia and created and independent Romanov Duchy of Pomerania to add further insult to injury to the Prussians. Posen was released as a separate Grand Duchy and was ruled in a Personal Union with the King of Saxony hearkening back to Napoleon I's Grand Duchy of Warsaw. However this separate Polish state would open old tensions between Imperial France and Russia over the issue of Poland that would see the Russian Empire drift further from France in the coming decades after the war.

The War in the Americas saw a general stalemate emerge once again between the Confederacy and Union which signed a peace treaty. Gran-Columbia which was rife with corruption and only intact due to the support from Brazil and a fear of re-annexation into Spain saw its armies collapse in the face of the rejuvenated Spanish Army. The rule of Carlos V's son Carlos VI saw Spain make gradual reforms of the military, economic, and political system. He allowed for more autonomy/federalization of the colonies which helped Spain gain the favor of the Colonial elites. The Kingdom of the Netherlands stayed neutral and made enormous profits by using its strategic position to sell weapons to both sides of the conflict.

What do you guys think of this brief outline for this tl?
I love this! I would be very interested in seeing you create this TL. Please let us know if you ever do decide to do this.
 
OCC: It's been a while since I posted anything on AH.com so here is another project I've been working on, on and off since 2017. I need to get my mind off of what is happening with the coronavirus in China and elsewhere so here is something else instead. It's ASB like my Wisconsin Civil War story but I wanted to share it regardless. Work is in progress with the map as not all of the towns and cities are shown on the map.

Ushen's Spiral Back Into Authoritarianism and Militarism

Nine months have passed since a military coup overthrew the democratically elected liberal government of Hon Kan's premiership. He was Prime Minister and Head of State since 2013 and was head of a liberal coalition in Ushen's parliament that called for the creation of a truth and reconciliation program that would fully disclose the history and national memory of the two major civil wars that plagued Ushen until 1998. Kan angered the military whom none had been put on trial or investigated for atrocities despite being responsible for the majority of war crimes committed during the two civil wars. Kan has been disposed from power, the nation's ruling parliament the Chokakai Pan has been dissolved and a state of martial law has existed in Ushen since the military took power last in early May, 2019. In the months since the nation's inward back step to authoritarianism, Ushen has been under the rule of the "National Restoration Committee" led by General Tan Hondo who is the leader of a notorious far-right organization called the Ushenian National Patriotic Restoration Society (Ushjin Takinma Hona Kimaju Konkikohi Ruhoken) which was formed in the early 2000s and gained prominence in 2012. Similar to the now defunct Ushenian National Association of Progress ( Ushjin Takinma Hona Ruhoken), the far-right organization has called for the expulsion of the country's Buddhist and Christian minority population, and supports the concept of a greater Ushen and the dismantling of the secular state which was put into law following the reforms of the Ushenian state in the mid-1990's where Ushen became a constitutional monarchy.

Following the rise of the military junta last year, the island nation of Ushen now is no longer considered a liberal democracy by most political experts, with its constitutional government dissolved, elections still on hold until further noticed, the free press strangled, the Chokakai Pan dissolved, and civil liberties suppressed by the military government, Ushen's 20 years of liberal democracy and postwar stability came to end in 2019. Another casualty of the 2019 coup was Queen Himato who was the ruler of Ushen since 2003 when she was only 15 years old. She has since been in exile in Wisconsin married to the President of Wisconsin over her own personal disgust at the militarists propping her up as a figure head of the military regime. She has been under the protection of the Wisconsin state despite Wisconsin's neutrality towards Ushenian politics. Since her exile, Ushen's monarch is now under the rule of Himato's older sister Kimato who has shown support for the military junta and its policies which has resulted in Himato having a personal fallout with her older sister and relatives who have either remained silent on the matter or supportive of the nationalist regime.

Anti-Christian and anti-Buddhist sentiment and violence exploded following the military coup last year. Supporters of the Ushjin Takinma Hona Kimaju Konkikohi Ruhoken have vandalized hundreds of Christian churches and Buddhist temples and have killed thousands since the coup. Christianity and Buddhism had coexisted with Ushen's native folk religion, Kinsumiism a religion based on the worship of water, such as the sea and rivers. Buddhism was introduced to Ushen in the 11th century from the Chinese and Japanese while Christianity was introduced in the 15th century by European traders. Despite its hundreds of years of coexistence in Ushen both Buddhists and Christians were treated as outside guests and were often persecuted by the kingdom's government. Despite its years of persecution, the number of Christians in Ushen was over two million but decades of war culminating with the genocide of hundreds of thousands of Christians resulted in its population to dwindle to 570,000. Those that were not killed either by the rebels or government troops fled out of the island to countries like the United States, Japan, Taiwan, or Europe. Buddhists too also suffered intense persecution to the point that only 100,000 remain on the island. Up until the 1980s there were over 3.5 million Buddhist worshipers on the island but similar to their Christian and Muslim counterparts, they were driven off the island through genocide or expulsion. Now Kinsumi extremists with the support of the military government vow to finish the job and turn Ushen into a pure homogeneous state free of foreigners. It has been estimated since coming into power, Ushenian nationalists and Kinsumi extremists with the support and assistance of the military have killed 20,000 Christians, 12,000 Buddhists, and 1,000 Ushenian Muslims. Several historical churches dating back to the 15th century have been destroyed and gutted by the extremists, Buddhist temples have also been ransacked and destroyed including one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Ushen, the Ko'Na Temple dating back to 1163 C.E. These attacks along with the murder of its worshipers have brought widespread condemnation from the international community, from major religious institutions and from rights group. Despite these condemnations, the military refuses to rein in the extremists and ultranationalists and has often been both complacent and supportive of these crackdowns of religious rights. Just last month in January, the army massacred a Buddhist majority village north of Ki'ho killing over 1,000 people including women and children. It is feared that a repeat of the atrocities from the two civil wars in the 20th century will result in the complete demise of Ushen's vibrant Buddhist, Christian and Muslim community which had contributed to Ushen's history despite its rocky relationship with the island's native folk religion.

Ushen's turn back to authoritarianism and militarism has also complicated its foreign policy with the rest of the world. Ushen continues to receive support and backing from nominal democracies of the world but a large growing number of states particularly in the EU and the United States have grown concern of not only Ushen's growing human rights abuses carried out by the military government and their extremist supporters but as well as its foreign policy ambition. The military government of Ushen has members and supporters of the Ushenian National Patriotic Restoration Society which as stated above not only promote anti-Christian and anti-Buddhist sentiment, it also espouses an aggressive militarist policy and the concept of a Greater Ushen which would incorporate other smaller island states into Ushen. With relations with the United States strained, Ushen has moved further towards China and other Asian states rather than the west which could result in further tension in the Pacific. Despite the strained relations with the U.S. however, Japan continues to maintain close relations with Ushen. What further complicates Ushen's foreign policy is also its role in the Wisconsin Civil War. Since 2017 before the military coup occurred Ushen, a then nominal liberal constitutional monarchy backed Wisconsin against the anti-government rebels and committed over 100,000 troops and material to back up the socialist republic in Wisconsin. If further tensions continues or a major insurgency erupts in Ushen over its anti-Christian and anti-Buddhist policies, Ushen may have to reconsider its military intervention in Wisconsin and withdraw its forces from the region. Withdrawing its 100,000 troops from Wisconsin would make Washington less concern of having an increasingly rouge state like Ushen on America's doorstep but it would also mean that Wisconsin would have to look elsewhere for support. Both Wisconsin and Ushen have vowed to support each other against terrorism and Wisconsin despite raising some alarm over the situation in Ushen has vowed not to intervene in Ushen's domestic affairs and would follow a neutral stance towards Ushen's political situation.

In terms of defense and Ushen's militarist policies, military spending has accelerated since the 2019 coup. The Tan Hondo regime has vowed to fully modernize and equip the Royal Armed Forces by 2030 and will increase the budget of the military to over $100 billion (412 Yuns) by the mid-2020's and will include an expanded navy and air force. Already Ushen has nearly 2,000 combat aircraft making it one of the largest in Asia next to China and India and among of the most sophisticated in the world next to the U.S. Air Force. Even before the coup, Ushen already had a blue water navy with over 120 ships and at least two aircraft carriers, now Ushen intends to expand it further beyond. In terms of military personnel, Ushen already has a decent size military with 595,000 active duty in the armed forces and 650,000 in reserve. Over the next decade its active duty members will be nearly 800,000 with 500,000 in reserve as part of its new military policy.

A shift in policy for Ushen has brought in a world of uncertainty in already increasingly uncertain world. Is this the beginning of a new crisis in Asia? Will this ultimately lead to conflict? What will become of Ushen's minority population as the military increasingly controls everyday aspect of life? How will Ushen's turn towards authoritarianism backfire in the long run? Only time will tell.

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