Does anyone know of any base maps in the polar azimuthal equidistant projection?
Map Thread XIX
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Immensely fascinating. What is Nevada most notable for in this timeline, and is it still the smallest state in the U.S. by modern day, if you don't mind me asking?
Also, what are Dinedeh and Arizona's politics like?
Hmmmm.
What's up with Kareli- err, the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic?
I understand that the whole "Mittelafrika" deal has probably been done to death, but I thought I'd throw my hat into that massive ring. I tried to map out all of Africa, including national/colonial subdivisions and I also included reasonable locations for Germany's Atlantikwall, extended across the continent to ward off the USA. I understand that this entire scenario is immensely unlikely, but that won't stop me from trying my hand I suppose.
Some points about the map:
• It seems unusual to me that any Mittelafrika would extend into West Africa, which a lot of other creators seem to include as an integral part of Mittelafrika. That colony would surely be behemoth enough, and impossibly difficult to administer, without throwing West Africa in too, so I think any German interests in that region would not be subordinated to Dar Es Salaam. Though that would open up the whole idea of breaking up Mittelafrika entirely, but whatever.
• The idea of expelling the French entirely from Africa seemed altogether too unlikely, especially considering the view that France (Vichy France) was an Axis power. Naturally, any Mittelafrika must consist of Gabon, Congo, etc. but I feel the total lack of German interests in, say, Mauritania, would preclude evicting France entirely. Of course, Algeria was an integral part of France, hence why it is given a different colouration to the colonies proper.
• The treatment of Germany's allies (so-called) need not be generous, in my view. I feel I've read plenty illustrating Hitler's contempt of Italy et al. Morocco is not given over to Spain (neither is anywhere else), being that they were neutral, but they are afforded the privilege of joint administration over that country. Italy is ceded control over Sudan and much of Kenya (though Germany was never interested in settler-colonies, they happily take the areas of Kenya suitable for European habitation) in addition to remote areas of former French colonies. In much the same vein as similar colonial aspirations like Rhodes' Cape to Cairo, France's Fashoda incident or Portugal's "pink map" this permits Italy's colonies to become contiguous. In all, for the likes of Italy, I'm sure this would have been plenty reasonable.
• As for neutral nations - Spain having already been addressed with regard to Morocco - they were not participants in the war and thus their colonies are not affected. Officially, at least. Though Portugal keeps her colonies, you'll note German spheres of influence in Angola and Mozambique. I based the Mozambican one based on contemporary attitudes to its culture and administration (that north of the Zambezi Mozambique was most closely connected to Nyasaland (Malawi) - Ian Smith noted as such in his autobiography, and throughout the colonial period it was the Nyasaland Company that commercially administered the region on behalf of Portugal). As for in Angola, this is based on the zone that British colonial authorities had at one point claimed. Even where neutrals do not have such clearly defined de facto German zones of control, all host German naval bases.
• Liberia is an unacceptable experiment in negro democracy. Divided between French possessions, effectively deleting its borders as well as its sovereignty and democracy.
• South Africa is subordinated under the Reich, gaining Bechuanaland and S. Rhodesia for its trouble. Walvis Bay overlooked by the Germans upon retaking S.-W. Africa and so is annexed to Mittelafrika without protest, or indeed much notice. The usefulness of S.-W. Africa seems effectively nil, as despite the apparent land border the Caprivi strip is in fact essentially worthless for travellers and administrators alike. But, it was German pre-WWI, so cannot go without being retaken by the Germans.
Errors:
• I had intended for Madagascar to have been its own German colony (same with West Africa).
• I forgot to restore Cameroon to its German borders.
• Couldn't find anything on Egypt's administrative divisions.
Also, the image was too big. Does this link work out?
Some points about the map:
• It seems unusual to me that any Mittelafrika would extend into West Africa, which a lot of other creators seem to include as an integral part of Mittelafrika. That colony would surely be behemoth enough, and impossibly difficult to administer, without throwing West Africa in too, so I think any German interests in that region would not be subordinated to Dar Es Salaam. Though that would open up the whole idea of breaking up Mittelafrika entirely, but whatever.
• The idea of expelling the French entirely from Africa seemed altogether too unlikely, especially considering the view that France (Vichy France) was an Axis power. Naturally, any Mittelafrika must consist of Gabon, Congo, etc. but I feel the total lack of German interests in, say, Mauritania, would preclude evicting France entirely. Of course, Algeria was an integral part of France, hence why it is given a different colouration to the colonies proper.
• The treatment of Germany's allies (so-called) need not be generous, in my view. I feel I've read plenty illustrating Hitler's contempt of Italy et al. Morocco is not given over to Spain (neither is anywhere else), being that they were neutral, but they are afforded the privilege of joint administration over that country. Italy is ceded control over Sudan and much of Kenya (though Germany was never interested in settler-colonies, they happily take the areas of Kenya suitable for European habitation) in addition to remote areas of former French colonies. In much the same vein as similar colonial aspirations like Rhodes' Cape to Cairo, France's Fashoda incident or Portugal's "pink map" this permits Italy's colonies to become contiguous. In all, for the likes of Italy, I'm sure this would have been plenty reasonable.
• As for neutral nations - Spain having already been addressed with regard to Morocco - they were not participants in the war and thus their colonies are not affected. Officially, at least. Though Portugal keeps her colonies, you'll note German spheres of influence in Angola and Mozambique. I based the Mozambican one based on contemporary attitudes to its culture and administration (that north of the Zambezi Mozambique was most closely connected to Nyasaland (Malawi) - Ian Smith noted as such in his autobiography, and throughout the colonial period it was the Nyasaland Company that commercially administered the region on behalf of Portugal). As for in Angola, this is based on the zone that British colonial authorities had at one point claimed. Even where neutrals do not have such clearly defined de facto German zones of control, all host German naval bases.
• Liberia is an unacceptable experiment in negro democracy. Divided between French possessions, effectively deleting its borders as well as its sovereignty and democracy.
• South Africa is subordinated under the Reich, gaining Bechuanaland and S. Rhodesia for its trouble. Walvis Bay overlooked by the Germans upon retaking S.-W. Africa and so is annexed to Mittelafrika without protest, or indeed much notice. The usefulness of S.-W. Africa seems effectively nil, as despite the apparent land border the Caprivi strip is in fact essentially worthless for travellers and administrators alike. But, it was German pre-WWI, so cannot go without being retaken by the Germans.
Errors:
• I had intended for Madagascar to have been its own German colony (same with West Africa).
• I forgot to restore Cameroon to its German borders.
• Couldn't find anything on Egypt's administrative divisions.
Also, the image was too big. Does this link work out?
the finnish won the winter war, and they got Karelia independent, as a result
This is something I didn't know. I assumed it was always spelled that way since that's how it shows up in every Alternate History Map Trope. Thank you and @Analytical Engine for enlightening me on this matter.
This is the canon reason for it. Standardized spelling varies from place to place in-universe.
"A wall mural of the former Roman Empire discovered in a hidden subsection of the Paláti Diogénēs thought to be commissioned sometime in the 1460's A.D. The mural, remarkable for its geographical accuracy, has gone down with Imperial maps (commissioned by the Skrinion tōn Barbarōn) as treasured historical depictions of the extent of the Empire of the Romans in this period."
(Just a throwaway map I had that I threw a couple photoshop filters on and made a little backstory
)View attachment 560664
"A wall mural of the former Roman Empire discovered in a hidden subsection of the Paláti Diogénēs thought to be commissioned sometime in the 1460's A.D. The mural, remarkable for its geographical accuracy, has gone down with Imperial maps (commissioned by the Skrinion tōn Barbarōn) as treasured historical depictions of the extent of the Empire of the Romans in this period."
(Just a throwaway map I had that I threw a couple photoshop filters on and made a little backstory
Fascinating...
It an throwaway map, but I love to see, or learn more about it if you may.
Crossposted from MOTF
“My fellow Americans, it is my great honor to reveal the name of our newly established US Space Force base on Theia. The funding and approval of the base was perhaps the greatest achievement of my predecessor, Speaker Jameson. Her hard work and service to this country exemplifies the American spirit, the desire to peacefully and cooperatively expand our horizons, figuratively and literally. Thus, it is my pleasure to announce the first permanently inhabited settlement on an extra-solar planet shall be called “Jameson Space Force Base”!”
- Speaker of the House[1] Tridon L. Ibarra, Democrat, Wyoming 17th District, successor to and nephew of Speaker Olivia Jameson, speaking from the steps of the US Capitol, American Federal District[2]
“My fellow Americans, it is my great honor to reveal the name of our newly established US Space Force base on Theia. The funding and approval of the base was perhaps the greatest achievement of my predecessor, Speaker Jameson. Her hard work and service to this country exemplifies the American spirit, the desire to peacefully and cooperatively expand our horizons, figuratively and literally. Thus, it is my pleasure to announce the first permanently inhabited settlement on an extra-solar planet shall be called “Jameson Space Force Base”!”
- Speaker of the House[1] Tridon L. Ibarra, Democrat, Wyoming 17th District, successor to and nephew of Speaker Olivia Jameson, speaking from the steps of the US Capitol, American Federal District[2]
HISTORY
Theia, discovered by the THEIA Space Telescope in 2038, is a moderately earth-like planet orbiting Alpha Centauri B. Upon its discovery, a great controvery raged over what to name the planet. It's provisional designation, THEIA-14[3], was used so much in the debates that “Theia” became the vernacular way to refer to the planet. When the International Astronomical Union announced the official name had been decided to be “Komuna Heredaĵo” (Esperanto for “Common Heritage”) they were promptly ignored.
Theia would remain seemingly inaccessible until Chilean physicist Heraldo “Hijo” Blanco tested the first Faster-than-Light Jump Drive in 2061. It took scientists and engineers decades to get the technology from “laboratory prototype capable of skipping individual atoms forward by 8 cm at a time” to “interstellar engine”, but in 2092 the first interstellar voyage was made. Cristóbal Genova, a Colombian immigrant to Brazil, led the first mission to Alpha Centauri. The expedition took 23 months: 8 months there, 3 month stay, 12 months to return due to technical difficulties.
THEIA
Theia is a bit smaller than Earth, and has a surface gravity 81% of that of Earth. However, the atmosphere is twice as thick, and primarily Nitrogen (1.71 bar) with Carbon Dioxide (0.25 bar) and Oxygen (0.09 bar). The axial tilt of Theia is an extreme 77 degrees, which leads to interesting climactic effects. Both the north and south poles are perpetually covered in thick sheets of ice, despite spending half the year under constant sunlight. Because ice is so reflective, it does not absorb much sunlight, and given the ice is over 4 km thick in some places, there is not enough time for it to melt during the local summer months. Remarkably, air temperatures at the poles can be 80 Celsius and yet maintain kilometers of ice throughout the year. (Williams and Pollard, 2003)[4]
Virtually all the water on Theia is trapped on the northern and southern poles, but it was not always so. Due to perturbations in its orbit by Alpha Centauri A, Theia's obliquity (axial tilt) changes frequently. This extreme obliquity has only been the case for the last 30 million years or so. Before that, Theia boasted deep oceans covering 60% of its surface. Once the extreme obliquity set in, the water froze at the poles and the oceans dried up, leaving a mostly xeric or savanna surface. Much of the life of Theia died off, leaving simple plants, lichen, and small insect-analogues.
Settlement of Theia proved far easier than Mars. Large tents of clear plastic (reinforced with simple carbon nanotubes) could be filled with breathable air. Settlers could venture outside these tents with nothing more than a scuba-type breathing apparatus. Earth plants could grow easily outside these domes, though given how cheap tents could be erected on Theia this proved unnecessary.
ECONOMICS
CUDOs became the linchpin of the solar economy by the late 21st Century. Conceptually similar to neutronium, these ultra dense spheres of quark matter are occasionally found in the cores of asteroids. CUDOs (Compact Ultradense Objects, Rafelski et al. 2013)[5] are vital for the production of antimatter, the primary power source for humanity from 2090 on. Very few extractable CUDOs were actually found within our solar system, but due to esoteric natural processes, Alpha Centauri A was blessed with numerous CUDO-rich asteroids.
The premier space powers of the early 22nd Century, Brazil and Indonesia, prompted the World Bank (final arbiter of international disputes) to split the asteroid belts of Alpha Centauri A into Zones of Control, reducing tension between the Powers and restricting outside competition. These great powers completely ignored Theia, as Theia had no inherent economic value. Theia's natural resources were no more rich than Mars, and far less than our Solar System's asteroid belt. There was nothing on Theia which could justify the expense.
Secondary space powers, such as Mexico, the United States, Pacifica, and the Philippines, had to make a choice: Settle an economic dead-end, try to capture CUDOs in asteroids outside the World Bank's treaty zones, or give up on Alpha Centauri. Pacifica gave up. The Philippines established small mining concerns at high-inclination asteroids. Mexico set up some small bases on Theia in an attempt to find something in the scant ecosystem of Theia which could be marketable back on Earth, but to little avail.
US SETTLEMENT OF THEIA
The US Speaker of the House of Representatives Olivia Jameson saw the economic promise of Theia. Brazilian and Indonesian mining stations were set up on the small asteroids of Alpha Centauri A, with resupply coming mostly from Earth (some stations had greenhouses embedded deep within the asteroids, but such facilities were very expensive). A colony on Theia could grow food and make simple spare parts for the mining bases around Alpha Cen A. They could set up a triangle of trade, with the Brazilian and Indonesian miners at Alpha Cen A exporting CUDOs to Earth, Theia exporting food and simple manufactured goods to the mining colonies, and Earth exporting high-tech goods to both.
Travel from Theia, around Alpha Centauri B, to the Brazilian and Indonesian mining stations around Alpha Centauri A, took just a few weeks, compared to four months to resupply from Earth.
The first base on Theia, New Roanoke, fared only marginally better than the original. Spring and Fall storms on Theia are monstrous as one frozen pole is exposed to sun for the first time in months and the other hot pole plunges into the cold midnight. One such spring storm wrecked most of New Roanoke Base, destroying the oxygen generator and the main power supply. 68 of the 90 colonists died awaiting the resupply ship, which was itself delayed due to maintenance issues.
New Roanoke was a civilian NASA mission. Its failure led to a push by the US Space Force to make the next one a military mission. The first 200 spacers arrived in early 2157. In 2164, the first civilians began settling at or near Jameson Base. By 2168, the base boasted a population of 887 colonists. That year also marked the first shipment of food to a Brazilian mining station at Alpha Cen A. The base was a long way off from profitability, but there were plans to improve its bottom line.
GENGINEERED LABORER CONTROVERSY
Offworld colonies always critically lacked one important resource: labor. Without a large population base, there were always more jobs than people. Conditions were also very harsh on many offworld colonies, with hard radiation on Ganymede, microgravity on Ceres, etc.
China was never to be a major player in space. However, they still found a way to profit on it. After the Chinese Civil Uprising, the Communist Party invested heavily in genetically engineering a caste of docile and obedient workers, in part to replace the population eliminated during the Movement for Ideological Purity. Tens of millions of gengineered workers were birthed in labs to quickly fill empty places in factories. Gengineered workers matured 50% faster than baseline humans, reducing expenses in raising them. They never rebelled, and were programmed (genetically and socially) to obey authority. A “perfect replacement” for ideologically impure (and dead) workers.
The Chinese Communist Party managed to gengineer alternative variants of its Workers for use in harsh environments. Variants were created for Mars (radiation, low pressure, and high CO2 tolerant), the asteroids (arms and hands in the place of legs and feet, for better movement in microgravity), etc.
China agreed to sell a number of specially modified gengineered workers to the new Jameson Base. These new workers would be given adaptations to the low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels of Theia, adaptations well-tested on the partially terraformed Mars. It was hoped that these cheap laborers would improve the economic viability of the colony.
Moral concerns were of secondary importance to the US government while they were hemorrhaging so much money on Jameson Base. Many people obviously disagreed and started campaigns to end the practice, but a concerted PR campaign by China (with now-infamous “Happy to Serve!” commercials) shifted public opinion to be generally neutral towards the practice.
OOC: Author's Note
Clearly I included a number of references to the early European colonization of the Americas. The parallels range from "imprecise" to "really very imprecise". I tried to find a happy medium between James Cameron's way-too-cynical/on-the-nose take from Avatar and anything by Robert A. Heinlein.
[1] The Speaker of the House has been the most powerful position in the US Government since 2076.
[2] Renamed the "American Federal District" in 2022, as the original name for the US Capital referenced not one but two people associated with slavery
[3] The THEIA Telescope: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teles...nets_and_Interstellar/Intergalactic_Astronomy
[4] "Extraordinary climates of Earth-like planets: three-dimensional climate simulations at extreme obliquity", Williams and Pollard, 2003 https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dc59/2640aa02918a9cee19c562c4309ac0dd1a1f.pdf
[5] Compact Ultradense Objects in the Solar System, Rafelski et al., 2013 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.4506.pdf
I would really like to expand on the timeline, so stay tuned for more maps I make about it!! The basic idea takes the "Manzikert victory" trope of Byzantine timelines, but in a more realistic and developed way. Essentially, the Saljuq Turks are repulsed in a series of running battles around Lake Van and the superficial victory allows Romanos II Diogenes, the Emperor, to solidify his hold on the throne. The Turkish problem isn't definitively solved in any meaningful way, but the Romans manage to get some breathing room. Eventually, the lightning nomad raids and lack of a solid Thematic Army system properly implemented in the mountains of Western Armenia results in the region slipping from the grasp of Constantinople. The Imperial frontier retreats to the old 'Taurus to Armenian Highlands' border defenses that sustained the Empire in the darkest days of Umayyad raids. A series of strong emperors manage to repulse Turkish raiding parties (for the most part) from pillaging the Anatolian interior, although pockets of Turkic groups settle in the arid highlands of the peninsula and become a recurring problem for the Empire (and a source of strength for enterprising rebels). The Romans manage to regain a toehold in southern Italy centered around Bari and Taranto and it becomes a small but profitable entrepôt for Imperial trade with the rich cities of northern Italy. Imperial control of Serbia and the lower Danube also remains quite steady, and a complicated relationship with the Magyar Kingdom is in place (with strong relations between the two). Beyond that, I don't have much.
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I had an idea for an ISOT series based on standard time zones. I thought I'd start with UTC±00:00 to test the waters.
Interesting, and a really nice map and flag to boot! Judging by the utilization of the Deseret Alphabet and the implicitly more religious traits of Columbia, is this some kind of scenario where the US becomes a Mormon theocracy?
Columbia is very religious, yes, but the Mormon Alphabet is just used as the National Secondary Alphabet to mark their difference with the British (they hate the British)
I certainly hope the Andorrans manage to get some fences up quick. Quite a drop.
Exactly how much do these people know about Egpyt? I know you mention they look at them from Biblical sources, but I do not believe that or many other thighs old have mentioned Thoth. I am guessing it came from the library of someone and expanded from their. I just wonder if the Black population would have been large enough initially, as IOTL Blacks were banned from entering Illinois, excluding the slaves forcibly brought there to work. I suppose the areas they were were the ones sent over, though. Anyone got an idea of the gender balance, though? Since they had to take the slaves back to Kentucky one day a year to prevent them from becoming state citizens, I just assume it would favor males. This world accept mixed race or people of Indian blood anywhere?Go Down, Moses, Way Down in Egypt LandIn the Year of Our Lord 1858, the heavens parted and lo, Southern Illinois found itself in a new Promised Land. A land free for all... All non-slaves that is.
The Republic of Little Egypt was founded in 1860. The nickname of "Little Egypt" was coined sometime in the early 1830s and as of the present day, it is held that Little Egypt will be a mighty empire, like the biblical Egypt before it. It still has some trappings of American life. It's an American style Presidential Republic, a majority of the population follows Christianity, and it was founded with an American style constitution (Granted, that is a 1860s constitution, but still).
The same cannot be said of the Kingdom of Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt is a puppet state of Little Egypt, but they got a little bit obsessed with Ancient Egyptian culture and religion. An absolute monarchy ruled by a Pharaoh, who claimed to have received a vision from Thoth on building a new Egypt. The Kingdom of Lower Egypt has everything one would associate with Biblical Egypt: Pharaohs, Magicians, slavery, polytheism, slavery, and slavery.
In opposition to these two nations are a collection of nation-states.
The Federation of America is what remains of Pro-Slavery Illoniosians who were more patriotic in the American Dream than the Republic of Little Egypt. They still have chattel slavery, albeit on a smaller scale than Little Egypt. This makes their oppositions mostly a thing of the past and they do tend to trade more with their neighbor to the north.
What remained of some form of federal government fled to Northern Illinois and expanded outwards under the leadership of Abraham Lincoln, who was campaigning in Cario when the ISOT occured. They are in a perpetual war with Little Egypt, seeing it as a secessionist government from the United States. They say that all land that once belonged to the USA still belongs to them, and thus have seats in their legislature for every missing state in the Union, with representatives coming from Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana.
The Free American State is a small buffer nation founded by Abolitionists. It's less of a state and more of an autonomous military outpost for the Republic of New Afrika.
The Republic of New Afrika, occasionally called "Canaan", was organized by a former slave named Moses Jefferson. All escaped slaves know to come to Canaan/New Afrika as it is the safest place in the world. Some hope that one day, the nation of Little Egypt will suffer from a divine plague that will save those trapped in bondage.
(This complete stemmed from me thinking too hard about "Little Egypt" and everything spiraled from there. I didn't put too much research into it for the write up.)
The French decided against a cadet branch in southern Italy? Three Kingdoms (four, counting Jerusalem being attached to Sicily) is nothing to sneeze at. Savoy would lose them all soon anyways, as Piedmont doesn’t appear to really have a coastline or much manpower.Here's a map of Europe in an alternate 1715, where Jose Fernando of Bavaria didn't die et became ing of Spain. Spanish possessions are shared between France and Austria. France cedes to the House of Savoy Sardinia, Sicily and Naples in exchange for the western slope of Savoy and the county of Nice and takes moreover the free city of Orange.
Prussia continues to acquire Gelderland and the United Provinces of Venlo. There are in all 3 royal unions between 2 countries in Europe.
Unfortunately, I can never zoom in on Imgur things on my iPad. Anyways, Hitler didn’t really feel contempt for Italians and generally respected them, but got miffed near the end of the war. We should keep in mind of course that he felt the same way for Germans as time went on and was ready for them to be annihilated. Southern Libya looks quite messy here
Why would they want it independent in this way? Doesn’t seem like it would be the most suitable of buffer states. Did it avoid too much ethnic cleansing by the Soviets in this timeline? Though might be that Karelia was the one place the Finnic and Scandinavian peoples were not liquidated in.
Rockall doesn’t have too much of a point as being shown, as only the British would recognize it. Scotland going independent as some sort of oil empire seems ridiculous, given the British would be able to grab what they need in multiple places, and the Scandinavians would probably get some rights to Scandinavia. Bound to be maybe a hundred thousand or so in the UK. How and why did the Canary Islanders seize the Azores? Seems Madeira would be so much simpler. Ahh, right. Azores got emptied in this ISOT. Seems Portugal would have wanted to settle them quickly, though. The pirates within the Caribbean seem kind of pointless as who are they going to rob or get resupplies from? Also, how you think things went down with Brittany here? The British offered it up to the Irish or they settled it first? And of course there is the big issue. What timezone is Gibraltar in? Oh, and are people in boats in the time zones brought over as well?
@Clandango thanks for your comment, I've addressed each of your questions separately below. Any thoughts on the African part of the map?
It was on the base map.
Maybe my own opinions are coming through here, but the Westminster government's handling of recent crises has been pretty chaotic and I think the ISOT Event would see the same badly put together response. This, plus the prospect of an economy built on North Sea oil (one of the Scottish nationalists' key arguments) tip the balance in Scotland in favour of independence and England frankly bids them good riddance.
I did think after I posted that maybe I should have considered immigrant communities so I'll try and do so continuing on. The only 'Scandinavian' areas ISOT'd were Iceland, the Faeroes and a Danish weather station in Greenland, the latter two quite quickly turning to the former to provide full government services. Maybe Iceland would have looked to the east, but I thought the Greenland-North America option would been more appealing particularly as the Icelanders already had a foothold in Greenland thanks to the Danish weather station.
Portugal was initially interested in Iberia, annoying the Canary Islanders who thought it should be theirs, so they grabbed the empty Azores to spite the Portuguese. Madeira was included in the Event so was already full of Portuguese.
The pirates of the Caribbean is partly a pun. They target the transatlantic traffic between Canaria and her colonies in Hispaniola and Puerto Rico as well as the increasingly frequent African colonisation voyages.
Again Britain's chaotic response to the Event allowed the Irish time to set up in Brittany and Gascony. Once the Brits did make it across the Channel in any organised sense they were happy to leave the Irish be.
Gibraltar's in UTC+01:00 so the Rock started out uninhabited.
TBH, I didn't consider the nautical parts of the time zone, which I should have done. There probably should therefore be some form of France, northern Spain and the North Sea nations.
Egyptmania in the early 19th century combined with some knowledgeable books on Egyptians deities being in the area led to a New Egyptian Revival after the ISOT.
I didn't think too much about this. This scenario follows some "Rule of Cool" logic, so this isn't taken too much into account.
New Afrika and the Free American States have explicitly mentioned rights in their constitutions that protect them. The United States accepts mixed race and Native Americas more readily, but doesn't explicitly protect their rights.
How religious are we talking about here? Is Columbia a theocratic state?
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