I believe I've asked this before but never got a real good answer: what if the Dutch invasion of 1688, better known as the Glorious Revolution, had failed and James II remained King? From what I've read the best opportunity would be for the Royal Navy to intercept the Dutch invasion fleet before it could land (apparently Willem had decided to leave most of his heavier warships behind to lower the cost of the invasion). So lets say that the English and Dutch fleets meet in battle and the English wins, destroying much of the invasion force. Whether or not William dies isn't that important as at this point he'd have gambled all on the invasion and failed, leaving the Netherlands open to a French invasion.
What does the rest of King James's reign look like? Is he more or less secure with the Dutch fleet and invasion force destroyed or would he be forced to militarize England in defense of his reign (not unlike what William did OTL) and join the Nine Years' war on the French side? Would Parliament be forced to give up some or most of its power to the Crown (ie power of taxation)? What about religiously; would we see any kind of Catholic revival (perhaps similar to the one in the 1630s or the 19th century revival associated with the Oxford movement) or at this point was James and his advisors deluding themselves? Finally and most importantly, would Stuart England still rise to become a great power?