List of monarchs III

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 4, 2018

so much for a Catholic iberian dynasty.

Shiva · Apr 4, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeths reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrusted into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councillors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little english, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including ____. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, _____.

ThatOneGuy · Apr 4, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeths reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrusted into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councillors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little english, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.

[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her _____, _______.

Shiva · Apr 6, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.

Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.

To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be it's new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.

After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.

Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.

Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his ____, _____.

Josh Poynter · Apr 11, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir____. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his ___,___.

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]
1878 - 1901: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Prince Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to, ____.

marcinL · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

1809 - 1822: William III "the Devil" (House of Wurttemberg) [22]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to, his grandson William III.

[22] Young Prince William was handsome, intelligent and charismatic, an accomplished poet and succesfull general loved by his soldiers. During the last years of his predecessor, he showed great administrative, political and diplomatic skill, an ability to turn even sworn enemies into faithful allies. Then he was struck by lightning during the coronation parade. He survived, by application of resuscitation and heart massage, though millions would one day wished he had not, because his character recorded a 180 degree turn. The young King would now use all his brilliance, skill and charisma to spread misery to his family, his country and the entire world. Some would later claim, that the King had gone insane, but he remained - unfortunately - fully mentally and bodily sound until the last miserable day of his life. He had a talent to turn other people mad, though, including his brother Prince Phillip, his unfortunate wife, Queen Alexandra, and at least two prime ministers, although some claim that half of the Britain went crazy, when attempts to limit his power backfired, leading to his supporters gaining near absolute control over the country, to the thunderous applause of the general population.

With skillful maneuvering he provoked internal and international radicalization which lead to great increase of international tension and conflict, culminating in his murder during state visit to Vienna, and beginning of the pan-european conflict. British happily went to war. It took years, millions of dead, and eventually the publication of William's private journals to cure them from love to their late king. He left no legal descendants.

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

marcinL said:
<snip>

You missed mine.

marcinL · Apr 14, 2018

Shiva said:
You missed mine.

ah, sorry, you must have posted when I was thinking how to screw the Brits

. That will teach me to do it faster.

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]
1878 - 1901: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]
1909 - 1922: William 'The Devil' III (House of Wurttemberg) [22]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1922 - 1936: Edward VIII (House of d'Aragon) [23]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Prince Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to his son, William.

[22] Young Prince William was handsome, intelligent and charismatic, an accomplished poet and succesfull general loved by his soldiers. During the last years of his predecessor, he showed great administrative, political and diplomatic skill, an ability to turn even sworn enemies into faithful allies. Then he was struck by lightning during the coronation parade. He survived, by application of resuscitation and heart massage, though millions would one day wished he had not, because his character recorded a 180 degree turn. The young King would now use all his brilliance, skill and charisma to spread misery to his family, his country and the entire world. Some would later claim, that the King had gone insane, but he remained - unfortunately - fully mentally and bodily sound until the last miserable day of his life. He had a talent to turn other people mad, though, including his brother Prince Phillip, his unfortunate wife, Queen Alexandra, and at least two prime ministers, although some claim that half of the Britain went crazy, when attempts to limit his power backfired, leading to his supporters gaining near absolute control over the country, to the thunderous applause of the general population.

With skillful maneuvering he provoked internal and international radicalization which lead to great increase of international tension and conflict, culminating in his murder during state visit to Vienna, and beginning of the pan-european conflict. British happily went to war. It took years, millions of dead, and eventually the publication of William's private journals to cure them from love to their late king. He left no legal descendants.

[23] With the Death of William III, the line of descent from Charles II and the German line which sprung forth, ended rightfully and truly, and so in 1922, at the end of the Great War, the Prince d'Aragon Eduardo Saverio Gian, rightful descendent of Philip V via his son Louis, took the throne of the British Isles as Edward VIII. Born in Tuscany in the 1860s, where the d'Aragon family had fled to after their expulsion from Britain, the Prince had been raised fully aware of his links, and right to the British throne. With the end of the 'Wurttemburg Madness' Edward was invited to Westminster by the government at the time, and so was crowned Edward VIII. His reign was primarily devoted to the restoration of Britians image, and was largely successful. He died in his sleep, and passed the Throne to his eldest son __________.

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]
1878 - 1901: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]
1909 - 1922: William 'The Devil' III (House of Wurttemberg) [22]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1922 - 1936: Edward VIII (House of d'Aragon) [23]
1936 - 1949: Peter II (House of d'Aragon) [24]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Prince Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to his son, William.

[22] Young Prince William was handsome, intelligent and charismatic, an accomplished poet and succesfull general loved by his soldiers. During the last years of his predecessor, he showed great administrative, political and diplomatic skill, an ability to turn even sworn enemies into faithful allies. Then he was struck by lightning during the coronation parade. He survived, by application of resuscitation and heart massage, though millions would one day wished he had not, because his character recorded a 180 degree turn. The young King would now use all his brilliance, skill and charisma to spread misery to his family, his country and the entire world. Some would later claim, that the King had gone insane, but he remained - unfortunately - fully mentally and bodily sound until the last miserable day of his life. He had a talent to turn other people mad, though, including his brother Prince Phillip, his unfortunate wife, Queen Alexandra, and at least two prime ministers, although some claim that half of the Britain went crazy, when attempts to limit his power backfired, leading to his supporters gaining near absolute control over the country, to the thunderous applause of the general population.

With skillful maneuvering he provoked internal and international radicalization which lead to great increase of international tension and conflict, culminating in his murder during state visit to Vienna, and beginning of the pan-european conflict. British happily went to war. It took years, millions of dead, and eventually the publication of William's private journals to cure them from love to their late king. He left no legal descendants.

[23] With the Death of William III, the line of descent from Charles II and the German line which sprung forth, ended rightfully and truly, and so in 1922, at the end of the Great War, the Prince d'Aragon Eduardo Saverio Gian, rightful descendent of Philip V via his son Louis, took the throne of the British Isles as Edward VIII. Born in Tuscany in the 1860s, where the d'Aragon family had fled to after their expulsion from Britain, the Prince had been raised fully aware of his links, and right to the British throne. With the end of the 'Wurttemburg Madness' Edward was invited to Westminster by the government at the time, and so was crowned Edward VIII. His reign was primarily devoted to the restoration of Britians image, and was largely successful. He died in his sleep, and passed the Throne to his eldest son Peter II.

[24] Peter II became the King of Britain at a time when tensions in both Europe and the New World had begun to truly boil. While Britain had adopted an isolationist stance in Europe, a new web of alliances had emerged, the French Republic, the League of Italian States, and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom were now the Second Triple Alliance, while Prussia, Sweden-Hanover, Bavaria, and Westphalia-Wurttemberg (ruled by Charles Frederick I and a claimant to the British throne) were called The Bond. To counteract these two potential threats to British interests, Peter II formed the Axis Alliance with Russia, Denmark, and the Spanish Empire, while in the New World an alliance was formed with the Mexican branch of the d'Aragon family while Louisiana and the CoC became allies, not to mention the alliances between Russia, Korea and Japan, while Peter made a new alliance with Ming China in the face of Mughal India allying with the Second Triple Alliance.

The competition between these alliance blocks came to a head when in 1940 the Ottoman Empire fell into civil war when a coup against Sultan Alaattin went wrong, while seeing the sultan dead saw the two sons who made the conspiracy also dead and having already killed their brothers saw the House of Osman die with them. The Axis, Second Triple Alliance and The Bond all saw opportunities in the Ottoman Civil War and at first waged war to seize land, create puppet-states, and colonies in the Middle East and Africa, but very quickly began fighting each other, turning Europe into a charnel house. The Great War quickly became a global conflict that lasted nine years and ended in an exhausted stalemate.

Peter II himself felt that very exhaustion, having taken to insomnia and vast quantities of tobacco to cope with the stresses of ruling an Empire at war, he died in his sleep seven days after the Treaty of Naples was signed in 1949 (Naples being the only major European nation to be neutral besides the Papal States). The British throne went to his ____, ____.

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]
1878 - 1901: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]
1909 - 1922: William 'The Devil' III (House of Wurttemberg) [22]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1922 - 1936: Edward VIII (House of d'Aragon) [23]
1936 - 1949: Peter II (House of d'Aragon) [24]
1949 - 1992: Edward 'The Hussar' IX (House of d'Aragon) [25]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Prince Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to his son, William.

[22] Young Prince William was handsome, intelligent and charismatic, an accomplished poet and succesfull general loved by his soldiers. During the last years of his predecessor, he showed great administrative, political and diplomatic skill, an ability to turn even sworn enemies into faithful allies. Then he was struck by lightning during the coronation parade. He survived, by application of resuscitation and heart massage, though millions would one day wished he had not, because his character recorded a 180 degree turn. The young King would now use all his brilliance, skill and charisma to spread misery to his family, his country and the entire world. Some would later claim, that the King had gone insane, but he remained - unfortunately - fully mentally and bodily sound until the last miserable day of his life. He had a talent to turn other people mad, though, including his brother Prince Phillip, his unfortunate wife, Queen Alexandra, and at least two prime ministers, although some claim that half of the Britain went crazy, when attempts to limit his power backfired, leading to his supporters gaining near absolute control over the country, to the thunderous applause of the general population.

With skillful maneuvering he provoked internal and international radicalization which lead to great increase of international tension and conflict, culminating in his murder during state visit to Vienna, and beginning of the pan-european conflict. British happily went to war. It took years, millions of dead, and eventually the publication of William's private journals to cure them from love to their late king. He left no legal descendants.

[23] With the Death of William III, the line of descent from Charles II and the German line which sprung forth, ended rightfully and truly, and so in 1922, at the end of the Great War, the Prince d'Aragon Eduardo Saverio Gian, rightful descendent of Philip V via his son Louis, took the throne of the British Isles as Edward VIII. Born in Tuscany in the 1860s, where the d'Aragon family had fled to after their expulsion from Britain, the Prince had been raised fully aware of his links, and right to the British throne. With the end of the 'Wurttemburg Madness' Edward was invited to Westminster by the government at the time, and so was crowned Edward VIII. His reign was primarily devoted to the restoration of Britians image, and was largely successful. He died in his sleep, and passed the Throne to his eldest son Peter II.

[24] Peter II became the King of Britain at a time when tensions in both Europe and the New World had begun to truly boil. While Britain had adopted an isolationist stance in Europe, a new web of alliances had emerged, the French Republic, the League of Italian States, and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom were now the Second Triple Alliance, while Prussia, Sweden-Hanover, Bavaria, and Westphalia-Wurttemberg (ruled by Charles Frederick I and a claimant to the British throne) were called The Bond. To counteract these two potential threats to British interests, Peter II formed the Axis Alliance with Russia, Denmark, and the Spanish Empire, while in the New World an alliance was formed with the Mexican branch of the d'Aragon family while Louisiana and the CoC became allies, not to mention the alliances between Russia, Korea and Japan, while Peter made a new alliance with Ming China in the face of Mughal India allying with the Second Triple Alliance.

The competition between these alliance blocks came to a head when in 1940 the Ottoman Empire fell into civil war when a coup against Sultan Alaattin went wrong, while seeing the sultan dead saw the two sons who made the conspiracy also dead and having already killed their brothers saw the House of Osman die with them. The Axis, Second Triple Alliance and The Bond all saw opportunities in the Ottoman Civil War and at first waged war to seize land, create puppet-states, and colonies in the Middle East and Africa, but very quickly began fighting each other, turning Europe into a charnel house. The Great War quickly became a global conflict that lasted nine years and ended in an exhausted stalemate.

Peter II himself felt that very exhaustion, having taken to insomnia and vast quantities of tobacco to cope with the stresses of ruling an Empire at war, he died in his sleep seven days after the Treaty of Naples was signed in 1949 (Naples being the only major European nation to be neutral besides the Papal States). The British throne went to his sole son, Edward Philip Xavier, or Edward IX as he was known.

[25] Edward IX came to England as a young boy, with his Father and Grandfather in 1922. Born as Eduardo Fillipo Saverio, he was raised as an Italian, but knew he would be King of somewhere one day. During the Second Great war, he served as a tank commander primarily in Northern Germany and also along the Pyreneean Front. It would be his daring and bravery in these fierce campaigns would give him the nickname of 'The Hussar'. Returning from the war in 1948, he would soon step into the role he was born into. His reign was long, yet quiet.
In the Early forties, he also took a wife, Sophia Of Portugal, daughter of the Modern Duke of Coimbra, and she would give him three sons and a daughter.
In 1992, at the age of 87, King Edward IX, the Hussar of Aquitaine, would pass in his sleep and pass the Throne to _______.

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

Monarchs of England
1377 - 1400: Edward IV (The Black Prince) Plantagenet (House of Plantagenet) [1]
1400 - 1439: Edward "the White" V (House of Plantagenet) [2]
1439 - 1446: Phillip I (House of Plantagenet) [3]
1446 - 1492: Philip II (House of Plantagenet) [4]
1492 - 1493: Phillip III (House of Plantagenet) [5]
1493 - 1499: Edward VI (House of Plantagenet) [6]
1499 - 1521: War of the English Succession [7]
1521 - 1537: Elizabeth (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [8]
1537 - 1542: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]

Monarchs of the United Kingdoms of England and Ireland
1542 - 1559: Jane (House of Plantagenet-Brandon) [9]
1559 - 1562: The Coimbran War [10]
1559 - 1592: Peter I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [11]
1592 - 1597: Edward 'the Fool' VII (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [12]
1597 - 1623: Philip 'the Good' IV (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [13]
1623 - 1661: Charles 'the Learned' I (House of Plantagenet-Coimbra) [14]
1661 - 1696: Philip 'the Catalan' V (House of d'Aragon) [15]
1696 - 1739: Charles II (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [16]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1739 - 1762: Eleanor (House of Plantagenet-Bergen)/Philip VI (House of d'Aragon) [17]
1762 - 1792: Victoria (House of Plantagenet-Bergen) [18]
1792 - 1831: Frederick 'the Peacemaker of Europe' I (House of Wurttemberg) [19]
1831 - 1878: Charles III (House of Wurttemberg) [20]
1878 - 1901: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, Westphalia, and Wurttemberg
1901 - 1909: Frederick II (House of Wurttemberg) [21]
1909 - 1922: William 'The Devil' III (House of Wurttemberg) [22]

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of the British Isles
1922 - 1936: Edward VIII (House of d'Aragon) [23]
1936 - 1949: Peter II (House of d'Aragon) [24]
1949 - 1992: Edward 'The Hussar' IX (House of d'Aragon) [25]
1992 - Present: Philip VII (House of d'Aragon) [26]

[1] After his father Edward III's death Edward IV rushed to London from his estate and declared himself King. When his younger brother Lionel landed in Essex with a Dutch army and declared himself King Edward was quick to march against him. Lionel was a giant of a man, seven feet tall and athletic making him a hard fight. In the first battle outside Kent Lionel was outflanked and his army was beaten but was able to retreat in good order. Lionel was able to lead his army to Cornwall and raised supporters to refill his depleted ranks. Edward was close behind and struck hard and fast. Lionel had little time to learn of his older brothers plan much less counter them. His army formed up but as Edward advanced his infantry forward towards Lionel's front line, Edward's cavalry came around back and smashed Lionel's retinue, capturing him in the process. The cavalry then continued on to the infantry and archers but witnessing the loss of their King most lost heart and fled. Those that stayed surrendered. The short conflict was over and Edward IV marched back to London with his traitorous brother in tow. Crowds cheered him as he paraded his captive through the streets and towards the Tower of London where Edward made a grandiose spectacle of sentencing his brother to life in prison in the Tower. The crowds cheered and Edward celebrated. However he also realized the vague secession laws of England made near every new King have to fight a war to claim his throne. Edward saw this as an obvious destabilizing factor and in 1389 he issued the Order of Secession which made the secession strictly male-preference primogeniture meaning his eldest son inherits and the eldest daughter inherits only if no sons are alive. Edward would then use most of the rest of his reign to fight against Scotland and France in a series of wars expanding English holdings in both Kingdoms. He died old and infirm in 1400, having not left his bed in nearly five years.
[2] The grandson of Edward IV, through his second son, Richard of Bordeaux and his wife Bonne Valois of Berry, who married in 1381, one of many requirements issued to France as part of the harsh peace treaty written by the English victorious in the Edwardian War.
Edward was born 30th October 1383, and named in honour of his , and would be 16, when his father, aged 33, died from food poisoning, having served nearly 5 years as regent, the cause of the food poisoning had been mere human error, rather than murderously.
Edward would turn 17, a few days before his grandfather's death.
His nearly 40 year reign, saw one of peace with main land Europe, increasing trade with countries around the Mediterrainian Sea as well as those on the Baltic Sea, with high trade and only minor skirmishes in Scotland and Ireland, the privy purse, was able to grow and be invested in more merchants naval ships and lowering the taxes of the peasents, who would call him the White, to differentiate him from his grandfather and to describe his pure and fair rule.
Edward died aged 56, from what many historians nowadays believe to been a cancerous tumour in his stomach due to artifacts stating how his physique went from strong and defined, to thin and frail within months.
[3] The Youngest Son of Richard of Bordeaux, and a good ten years younger than his elder brother, Edward V, Phillip I succeeded to the Throne upon his brothers death, and so carried on with his policies. Prior to his reign, Phillip had largely been an Officer in the service of the Holy Roman Emperor, serving in the Balkans, Italy, and the North East. When He came to England, summoned by his dying brother, he brought his German Wife, Hedwig of Arenburg, and his three sons; Phillip, Edward and Lionel.
Phillip ruled for seven years, and was killed in a Joust with the Duke of Bedford.
[4] Philip II was only a boy when he ascended to the throne, a scant 11 years old. As such for the first five years of his reign he was constrained by his Mother who acted as his regent. His mother was easily manipulated and quickly Philip watched as his powers were revoked one by one by his mother and given to his vassals. On his 16th birthday however, at exactly 12:01, Philip II reversed every decision his mother made by Royal Decree. Parliament nearly revolted at the huge overstep in royal power and threatened to depose him should he not rescind his order and instead ask Parliament to return his powers to him, as was dictated by the Magna Carta. Philip stood strong and instead of bowing to the Parliament's wishes he instead took his personal retinue into London and arrested the entire Assembly as traitors. The MP's protested with every foul word their minds could form but one by one they were led out to waiting carts and sent to every prison in London. Philip II then declared Parliament to be dissolved for all time and the rule of Divine Providence would come again. This understandably didn't go over to well with commoners and nobles alike. The so called Popular War would go on for the rest of his reign not as one continuous conflict but dozens of smaller ones each against the tyranny of the King. In time Philip would beat them all and also find time in the midst of the near constant revolts to marry the eldest daughter of the French king, Louise Karling, and set about strengthening ties between the two kingdoms. Philip was a Francophile by todays terms and a common saying was that the King spent more time in Paris than London. In 1492 the Plague struck London as the King was in the city and he caught it, dying shortly after.
[5] The Second son of Phillip II, as Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine had died a mere week before his father, Inherited the throne of England at the age of nine. Ruling for 11 months, amid a tumultuous time for England and Marrying his maternal cousin, Matilda of Anjou, Phillip died when he tripped in a rabbit hole, had a broken foot, developed Gangrene and Died little over a week layer. He was succeeded by his Uncle, Prince Edward, Duke of York.
[6] Edward VI took the throne an old man at age 50, having outlived both of his brothers, having lived the majority of his life having never expecting to be King, he had life a quiet but comfortable life as Duke of York, married three times, outliving all three wives, he had a total of twelve living children, seven daughters and five sons, who in turn had either married members of the English nobility and established families of their own, or in the case of two of his sons and one daughter entered the church as Priests and a Nun. His eldest living son, Edward, Earl of Chester had already predeceased him, having had two wives and six daughters of his own and no sons, leaving the succession uncertain, should the daughters of Edward, Earl of Chester and Edward VI's granddaughters inherit the crown or should the King's living sons? Edward VI spent his seven year reign struggling to placate the various factions that emerged supporting one claimant over another and ruined his health in the process, having a dramatic heart attack during a particularly nasty session in Court and dying on the throne in front of everyone, leading to the War of the English Succession.
[7] From the Death of Edward VI to the capitulation of the Claimant-King John of Arenburg at the Battle of Holland.
The war was fought between the Four claimants; Elizabeth who married into the Portuguese Avis Dynasty , Maria who married into the German Arenburg Dynasty, Madeline who married into the Scottish Ruling house, The eldest daughters of Edward of Chester, and their Uncle Francis of Kent.
The forces supporting Elizabeth, her Husband Pedro of Coimbra, and their two sons; Pedro and Duerte would eventually succeed in gaining the Throne as the Plantagenet-Coimbra.
[8] The reign of Elizabeth I was a troubled time for England. While victorious on the battlefield Elizabeth's Catholicism made her enemies in the hearts and minds of nobles and commoners alike. To show strength Elizabeth sent the English armies into Scotland to finally subdue the rowdy men of the North that constantly made war on them through the centuries. The Great Campaign, led by Elizabeth's husband Pedro, was an unmitigated disaster due to supply issues and fierce Scottish resistance at Edinburgh where Pedro was severely wounded. Left without a leader the Campaign collapsed on itself and the English retreated from Scotland after a scant three months of actual campaigning. Elizabeth swore to return to Scotland but other matters kept her from fulfilling her promise, much to the delight of the beleaguered Scottish kingdom. In 1530 Elizabeth made a trip to Rome and met with the Pope. This caused outrage in England especially when word reached England that Elizabeth bowed to the Pope and kissed his ring, even though no such incident occurred. When Elizabeth was on her way back to England her ship was attacked by the famous mutinous crew of the HMS Majesty, a newly built warship who seized the vessel in protest of Elizabeth's reign and turned to piracy. Elizabeth would be captured and stay in captivity for nearly two years before her ransom was paid by Pedro, who nearly emptied the Portuguese treasury to do so. When Elizabeth returned to London she was so affected by the experience that she had the Royal Navy scrapped and the ships burned. Finally in a plot by a man only mentioned in history as 'Guy Fawkes' Parliament was blown up, killing the entire body including the Queen and King Pedro.
[9] Unlike her sister, Jane had spent most of her married life in England and had seen the rise of the Neo-Lollards with her own eyes, many among the lower classes and the merchant class had embraced their iconoclast, reformist views, as part of the overall wave of demands of church reform from various theologians that was all placed under a single umbrella as the 'Protestant Movement', though in fact the various German, Dutch, French, Danish, and Polish reformers all had different views and disputed with each other as often as they did their English 'brethren'. Much of the older nobility still adhered to the Catholic faith, but a younger generation did not and Jane used that to seize the throne for herself with her husband, William Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk and her children at her side. She drove her nephews, Edward and Peter and the older nobility into exile and had to fight the first of the 'Coimbrain Wars' against them in 1541 in order to retain her hold on England. It was in the next year that she formally broke with the Catholic Church and proclaimed herself the head of the Church of England and adopted the New-Lollard theology for her new church and began the process of converting her new 'United Kingdoms of England and Ireland' to the faith. In the twilight of her reign her exiled nephews began preparations for a Second Coimbrain War and Jane began to prepare to fight the invasion when she lapsed into a coma she did not awaken from, dying as the Second Coimbrian War was already underway.
[10] With the Death of the Neo-Lollardic Queen Jane I, Prince Pedro and Prince Duerte would return from their exile at the head of a loyal army, and numerous allies, most notably their cousin, Luis I, King of Portugal, at the head of a Portuguese army, and the famed Condottori Giacomo Ruspoli carrying the Papal banner. Landing at many points along the South English coast, such as Portsmouth, Southampton, and Pembrokeshire, the massed Catholic army would rapidly capture much of the southern portion of England, and Pedro would be crowned Peter I in Southampton Cathedral, and Prince Duerte would be made Duke of Somerset and York. The few remaining Lollardic Nobles would flee to the northern portion of England, under the banner of Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the nephew of the former King-Consort. The slow war would be definitively ended at the Battle of Carlisle, in which Henry of Suffolk would be defeated in combat by Giacomo Ruspoli, and the Banner of Rome raised over Carlisle. Catholicism returned to England en masse.
[11] After the end of the Coimbran War, the reign of Peter I would be relatively peaceful and calm, save for the 'Calais Campaign' in which English forces would retake Calais from the French Crown, and Peter I would name his second nephew, John of Somerset and York, as Duke of Calais. In 1592, the Childless Peter I would pass, and the Throne of England and Ireland would pass to Edward VII.
[12] Edward VII, the Eldest son of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York would reign for just five years, and in those five years the tensions in the nation that had been quietly building up between the returned 'Portuguese Nobility' (as the followers of King Peter I were called), the exiled 'Janeite nobility' and their supporters in the nation, along with the growing divide between the wealthy and the poor, the rising power of the mercantile classes, and the continued growth of the Protestant movement in the British Isles despite decades of persecution by the Catholic Church, all of this would explode into violence and horror. As for Edward VII himself, vain, arrogant, cruel, arbitrary, a womanizer of the wives of his noblemen (regardless if said woman wanted his attentions or not), and not as smart as he pretended to be. Every brutal execution, every public act of torture, the barely hidden orgies, even his few attempts to negotiate a settlement between the factions, all of it just made the situation worse, so when he was murdered while holding court in the fifth year in his reign by a loose alliance of noblemen called 'the Golden Fourty-Two' the only surprise was that he lasted that long. His successor was his youngest Brother, Phillip, Duke of Calais, and He was facing a nation at the brink of civil war once more.
[13] at the time of Edward VIIs death, his sole heir was his youngest brother; the twenty four year old Philip, Duke of Calais, having inherited his elder brother John's title and lands on his death in 1596.
While Edward VII was a tyrant of unprecedented levels, Philip IV was the opposite. He was a truly noble king, and would allow the people to choose their own faith. In 1605, He would marry his niece, the sole daughter of the third son, Prince Charles, or Carlos as he was known in the Portuguese speaking royal household, of Prince Duerte, Duke of Somerset and York, his own father. The marriage would be Fruitful, giving two sons; Philip and Charles, and a Daughter, who would be married to the Heir of the King of Aragon. Philip IV would spend much of his energy and time in rebuilding the fragile nature of England and Ireland, and would largely succeed, with the Janeite Nobility largely being reduced to a few individuals in southern Ireland, the South West of England and Wales. Religious tolerance was the word of the day, and Phillip IV would die after a riding accident, and so passed the Throne to Prince Charles, Duke of Oxford.
[14] Growing up, Charles was never expected to gain the throne, as his brother Philip, prince of Wales being a healthy heir; and due to being born with a severe form of symbrachydactly, he turned his attention to education and administration, becoming well trained in finance, history and geography.
When his brother died suddenly without issue in 1621, Charles was thrust into the lime light, becoming heir to his father who died two years later.
He married Scandinavian princess, Anna of Denmark. His rule was one of strong economy, fair trade and friendly alliances. His death in 1661, after battling an illness, he died peacefully in bed with his family and close councilors, succeeded by his nephew by his sister, Catherine and her Husband Luis Alfonso I of Aragon, Philip Alfonse of Aragon.
[15] With the Death of the Childless Charles I of England and Ireland, the Throne should have passed to his sole sister; Princess Catherine, Queen-Consort of Aragon, but due to her death a mere six months before Charles threw the carefully orchestrated succession to the wind. The heir of Catherine should have been her eldest son, Carlos Luis, but due to his death at the siege of Tangier in 1656, the Sole Heir was however her Grandson, Philip Alfonse of Aragon. At a tender nine years of age, the Prince had been raised between Barcelona and Rome, and so spoke little English, and largely conversed to his ministers and regents in Catalan, Latin, and French. When Philip first arrived in Southampton, much like his ancestor Duerte of Somerset and York had in the Coimbran War, he was greeted by the Dowager-Queen, Anna, the former wife of Charles I, and the Archbishop of Canterbury both of whom could converse in Latin, and would perform as his Co-Regents, until the Death of Anna in '63, and the Duke of Kent would replace The Archbishop in 1667, for the last few years of the Catalan Regency, ending in 1672. The remainder of his rule would be fairly unremarkable save for its memorable start. Philip V would marry Maria Fernandina of Tuscany, and have a total of 4 sons; Philip, Louis, Charles, and Peter. He would pass in 1696, and pass the Throne to Charles.
[16] Charles II never wanted to be King. Raised at a young age by a quick succession of courtiers Charles enamored himself in the exploits of his ancestor The Black Prince and grew to almost deify him, wanting to be just like him; even taking his last name in defiance of his father. Many would say that Charles did gain a smidgen of the Black Prince's military acumen and he quickly became known as one of the best generals in his father's army. However as the years droned on Charles found little of the glory he so desperately looked for in his homeland and instead, without the permission of his father, stole away in the night. He approached the Scandinavian Emperor and became a leader of his armies in his war against the Triple Crown and led them into the ever embattled Holy Roman Empire. Charles knew nearly as many victories as he did defeats however, by 1686 the Kalmar forces had seized Pomerania due to a masterful move by Charles now known as the Kalmar March. After the war Charles married a the daughter of a local Swedish noble, Elsa Oxenstierna, and was granted a small estate in the country he had come to love. Charles lived peacefully for nearly a decade until he was informed of his fathers death and called back to London to settle the issue of who would take over as King, as Philip was considered by the nobles to be to effeminate and his other brother Louis was imprisoned in France. Charles went to London and during the Council of 1696 spoke passionately in favor of his younger brother Peter to take the throne as Peter had taken a liking to administrative work and as the youngest of four was removed from the more pressing political alliances that tied up previous Kings. However the Council instead voted for Charles to take the throne as a warrior king to finally unite the Isles under the English banner and Charles reluctantly accepted. He sent for his wife Elsa and moved into a small palace outside the city of London. Charles, having not the knack for administration instead leaned heavily on Peter to manage the day to day functions of the Kingdom while Charles put in place much needed reforms in the dated and comparatively minuscule English Army. The Kalmar Reforms as history records them changed the still largely medieval army structure the English abided by to a more modern standing army that constantly drilled in the latest tactics Charles could think of. After two years of reform Charles moved to do something none of his predecessors quite could, tame the unruly Scottish Kingdom to the North.

In 1698 Charles invaded Scotland with nearly 50,000 men and smashed the Scottish at Edinburgh, the sight of the infamous English defeat over a century before. After the battle the Scottish King Bruce IV was brought before Charles in chains and fully expected to be executed. However, Charles decided against it and instead forced Bruce to sign his Kingdom away to his heir, whoever that might be, and allow for English administrators to begin the process of integration to smooth over the transition when it formally happened upon Charles's eventual Death. With that settled Charles then turned his army against the Irish who had been launching a fierce campaign for independence ever since the Act of Union was signed in 1542 and set out to pacify the unruly population once and for all. Charles's Irish Campaign is classified by modern scholars as one of histories first instances of ethnic cleansing and was marred by brutality from both sides. Nevertheless Charles and his army expelled the Irish from Ireland in droves and sent them to sea with no real plan as to where they would go. Nearly a hundred thousand Irish were sent into the sea, and they were the lucky ones unfortunately; any rebel was killed on sight and hung on the nearest tree as an example to the others and his or her family was imprisoned for a minimum of five years. Irish children were sent to England to learn English and adopt English culture in one of the many boarding houses that had sprouted up across the Kingdom all funded by the Royal Treasury. Eventually however in 1704 Charles declared the Irish 'cleared from the disease of unjust resistance' and his army returned home. Charles would soon after become a father to a girl named Eleanor and the Kingdom would rejoice at the news. Next to satisfy his curiosity Charles would expand his at that time modest estate to an elaborate palace to rival that of Versailles. The new Chester-on-Thames Palace (later shortened to Chester Palace) would have 200 rooms, 90 bathrooms, uncountable servants quarters, the first indoor pool in Europe, and a human sized chess board staffed by his Royal Guard. The palace would not be finished in its entirety by the time Charles passed and in the meantime Charles lived in a secondary palace near Lincolnshire. Charles would spend the rest of his ruler building the economy of the Kingdom in preparation for an Invasion of France to seize what he saw was the unjustly stolen crown. However, the plague swept through Europe in 1735 and Charles, already struggling to recover from a sever tuberculosis infection would catch it and lapse into a deep coma. He would live in a catatonic state, being fed by servants, for four years. Meanwhile Philip and Charles's heir Eleanor would rule as co-regents and when Charles finally choked on his own vomit while sleeping in 1739, his illustrious reign came to an end.

[17] Eleanor, the only child of Charles II ascended the throne at the age of 29, surprising everyone by also having her husband, Philip d'Aragon (the grandson of Philip V) crowned as King at her side as a Co-Ruler. In her youth she had been called 'the Rose of Britain', the apple of her father's eye who denied her nothing, not even her desire to marry the love of her life, Philip d'Aragon. Despite fears of many, their marriage was successful and had already produced several children, including Victoria. At the start of her reign, Eleanor proclaimed the formation of the United Kingdom of the British Isles, signally the end of the last symbolic gesture of division between the various kingdoms that made up the isles of Britain and Ireland, there was only one Kingdom now. Eleanor's reign also saw the rise of the 'Irish Colonies' in the New World, initially refuges from her father's massacres, the colonies such as New Limerick (RL Boston), St. Patrick (RL New York), and others coalesced into a loose confederation called the Confederation of Columbia. In time the CoC would become the great rival of Britain in the New World, even as Eleanor establish British colonies in the lands to the south of the CoC, such as Queenstown (RL Charleston), the colony would be named Philipus (after her husband). The two monarchs also gave a charter to a trading company that would be known as the South Seas Trading Company with rights to establish British trading posts in Africa and Asia. The reign of the dual monarchs would end upon Eleanor's death and Philip VI's abdication in favor of their heir, Victoria.
[18] Victoria ascended to the throne at the age of 16 and her father giving up his crown in his grief. Philip would be allowed to return to the 'd Aragon ancestral lands outside Barcelona by the new queen here he died in 1765. Victoria was enamored with the liberal values that had taken over France. Despite the French Monarchy hiding out in her court Victoria appointed a Prime Minister in 1770 to help her deal with Parliament, the first of which was a noted Republican by the name of Thomas Paine who had in his youth stole away to France and served in the Republican Guard. The appointment of Paine enraged the nobles who felt their traditional privileges would be trampled on and they drafted the Yorkshire Declaration asking the Queen to sack Paine and be more vocal in her support of the nobility. Queen Victoria paid no mind and began to help Paine in his efforts to empower the Parliament. This sparked the Yorkshire Rebellion in 1772 where a group of nobles tried to march on London and depose Paine and even the Queen as it approached the city. The Queen called up the Army and prepared to fight the Rebellion however, instead of an army she was presented a messenger from the Republican Guard, a irregular militia that had unknowingly formed in defense of the Republican ideals the Queen was forwarding. A veritable army of 15,000 peasants rose up behind the Rebellion and fell on them from the rear as their secret drilling began to bear fruit against the smaller but more elite Rebellion forces. The Guard had defeated the Rebellion without Victoria even realizing it existed. However, this shook Victoria's belief in Republicanism as she was exposed to the more militant side of it. She began to fear the Guard as more and more men began to sign up to defend the infantile republican reforms against the 'forces of Reaction' as was claimed. Victoria took a drastic step and sacked Paine. Instead she fell upon a staunch authoritarian General Howe and Paine's reforms were rolled back, drawing the ire of the Republican Guard. To preempt what she saw as an inevitable rebellion against the Crown she sent Howe to root out the Guard at every turn. The army went from town to town, village to village, house to house to arrest all Guards they could get their hands on and forced any remnants deep underground, they would cause trouble for the Crown at a later date. Victoria spent the rest of her reign crushing sporadic Republican rebellions until being shot while traveling through the countryside by one of her guards. She was succeeded by her third son, Prince Frederick, Duke of Cumberland.

[19] Frederick I was born the third son of Queen Victoria and her husband, Duke Phillip Frederick of Wurttemberg, a tiny duchy in the Holy Roman Empire whom she married for a lack of better options. Never expecting to be King, Frederick traveled through Europe, learning the art of diplomacy and serving as an unofficial ambassador for his mother, during his travels he witnessed the Spanish and French Revolutions that saw the overthrow of their monarchs, their exeuctions, and their remaining royal families fleeing to the New World, where the French Bourbons would establish the Kingdom of Louisiana out of their New World colonies, the Spanish d'Aragon's (having unified Spain a mere two generations before via clever marriages and fate) would declare the Empire of Mexico, later when the Spanish Republic seized Portugal their royal family would flee to Brazil and eventually proclaim an Empire there of their own near the end of Frederick's reign. When his two older brothers, Prince Philip and Prince Edward both died in a scarlet fever outbreak, Frederick became the heir.
Upon ascension Frederick began work to quell a second uprising against the crown and won after the Battle of London (1793), Frederick then turned his attentions towards Europe where in Spain an ambitious general named Juan Orozco (the man who conquered Portugal), disgusted with how inept and corrupt the First Spanish Republic had become overthrew them and briefly ruled as 'Praetori' before proclaiming himself Emperor Juan I and began preparing for war against the French Republic, under the rule of President Leon Bonaparte.
To quell the threat, Frederick began to manipulate Republican France against Orozcoi Spain, he encouraged the Holy Roman Emperor to fund a massive revolt in Naples, while convincing the various Italian states to join in a 'League of Free Italian States' against 'Revolutionary Aggression' and used their forces alongside the Neapolitan Revolutionaries. Meanwhile the French Republic launched their own invasion of Spain, Emperor Juan surprisingly defeated the French forces, but lost Naples to the Habsburg backed revolution, a member of their dwindling family was chosen to be its new King under the name 'King Luigi IV'. Two more wars were fought between France and Spain while France was also forced to fight two different coalitions of HRE states led by the Habsburgs, but Spain defeated France and France managed to defeat the Habsburgs, during the Second Coalition War against France, Spain allied with them and broke the back of Habsburg control of the HRE, forcing Emperor Joseph II to declare the HRE dissolved, allowing him to become the King of Austria-Hungary and the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs, the rest of the states of the HRE became free.
After this, Emperor Juan I contracted dysentery and died, leaving his throne in the hands of his three year old son Juan II and a Regency council, and negotiations between the Great Powers in London in 1811 saw the signing of the Treaty of London, recognition of Orozcoi Spain and Republican France (and the new nations in the New World), and an end to the 'Revolutionary Wave of the 18th Century'.
Frederick became known as 'the Peacemaker of Europe', even while in the New World the colony of Philipus grew to cover most of lands south of the Confederacy of Columbia (Philipus covers North and South Carolina, bits of Virginia, and part of Georgia) and tended to have 'Border Wars' with the CoC, Louisiana, and 'Spanish Florida' (later part of the Mexican Empire), these border wars weren't between nations but between border settlements and feuding families, but the ill-defined borders of the growing states and colonies in the New World threatened to grow.
Frederick did his best to turn the tide but died in the 39th year of his reign, leaving his throne to his son, Charles.

[20] Charles III, the oldest son of Frederick II came to the throne at 22. Although he wanted to maintain peace like his father had the young king was willing to be cutthroat if needed. During the first few years of his reign, Charles was able to quell issues in the colonies which helped secure the support of the people.

However, in 1839 William II of Westphalia died without a male heir and his only daughter Anne had married Charles in 1828. The king decided to take advantage of this claim in order to create a sphere of influence in central Europe where a vacuum had been after the collapse of the HRE. Charles launched an invasion in 1840 against the loyalists backing the claim of Phillip von Sandhausen, grandson of Emperor Joseph. Despite taking an army of only 18,000 men to the mainland the British won many battles against the loyalists, pushing them further and further into Westphalia until the battle of Paderborn in 1843 where the King's army of 16,000 destroyed a force of 35,000 loyalists. many nobles were killed in the battle and Phillip barely escaped with his life, fleeing to Paris. Feeling secure with his position Charles returned to London with most of his army, leaving only 5,000 men on the mainland. This would prove to be a big mistake as in the summer of 1844 the French Republic, concerned about Charles's actions, declared war on the UK in order to oust Charles from mainland Europe and to install Phillip as Duke. This invasion was barely halted by a last stand of the Royal Battalion at Dortmund in 1845, a battle that routed half the French army but also exhausted Britain's presence on the continent. Charles quickly sued for peace and the treaty of Munster saw Phillip installed as Duke of Westphalia on the condition that if Phillip or his descendants were to die without a male heir the Duchy would become part of the UK, something that would come in handy a few generations down the line. It also soured relations between the UK and the French Republic as Charles was furious that President Henri de Rouen had intervened in the war. Anglo-French relations would continue to deteriorate after the war as the two nations attempted to expand their influence.

After the war, Charles would turn his attention to building up his kingdom's economy which had taken a knock from the war. Over the next 30 years, Charles passed many reforms that enabled industry and trade to thrive, boosting the economy to new levels of prosperity, He would open up trade with Ming China, being the first nation to trade with the kingdom in over 200 years. Charles was also a skilled diplomat, using his charm to ally himself with the League of Free Italian States as well the gaining an alliance with Denmark, A nation that had benefited from the collapse of the HRE and now had secure control over northern Germany and parts of Pomerania. these three nations would form the 'Triplet', an alliance that stood against the French.

Charles's marriage to Anne of Westphalia was a happy one. The king adored his wife and they would go on to have 9 children. All of which would reach adulthood. Her death on New years day 1875 broke Charles. His mental health declined throughout 1875 and by mid 1876 he had relinquished control of the state to his heir Prince Frederick. He retired to his Palace in Kensington where his health declined until his death in 1878. The old king was widely mourned because of all that he'd done for the nation. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick II.

[21] Frederick II of Britain took the throne official in 1878, but had been ruling a few years prior and faced an immediate crisis in Europe, the fall of the HRE had seen the majority of the tiny states be absorbed by larger states, or band together for mutual protection, however several of the houses that ruled these larger new Kingdoms had dwindling few members and limited heirs. In Hannover the unexpected extinction of their royal family saw the War of the Hanoverian Succession (1878-1881) between the Triplet Alliance and the Compact (the French Republic, Prussia, and Sweden) result in a loss for the Triplet in favor of the Swedish crown inheriting Hannover. During this time Frederick also hosted negotiations between the Mexican Empire and the Kingdom of Louisiana as a 'neutral party' to sort out border issues between the two lands, this also allowed him to begin inroads to forming an alliance with Louisiana to oppose Confederation ambitions towards British Philipus and other territories in the New World.

As Ming China went on a breakneck modernization scheme, the trade-compact with Britain was transformed into an alliance, even while Korea and Japan fell under the influence of Russia (which joined the Compact).

The War of Polish Succession (1881-1887) saw the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fallen into civil war due to failed reforms led by King Solomon II and despite Triplet opposition the Commonwealth was torn apart, with Prussia taking most of Prussia, Russia gaining most of Lithuania and 'Little Russia' (RL Ukraine), and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom temporarily joining the Compact to take as much land as it could before leaving the Compact and forming the 'Catholic League' with Bavaria and Naples as members.

Then a boon came to Britain at the turn of the century in the form of Westphalia when the sons of Philip III of Westphalia died in a boating accident, leaving Frederick II as his legal heir, the War of Westphalian Succession (1901-1905) followed between the Triplet Alliance, the Compact, and the Catholic League acting as a spoiler, the war was won when the neutral Spanish Empire (ruled by Juan V) joined the Triplet Alliance and added their fresh forces and resources into the fight (and making the Triplet Alliance into the Quartet). At the end of the war Frederick elevated the Duchy of Wurttemberg to a Kingdom along with his new title of 'Frederick of Westphalia' and ruled over a peaceful and prosperous set of Kingdoms until he died in 1909, leaving the crowns to his son, William.

[22] Young Prince William was handsome, intelligent and charismatic, an accomplished poet and succesfull general loved by his soldiers. During the last years of his predecessor, he showed great administrative, political and diplomatic skill, an ability to turn even sworn enemies into faithful allies. Then he was struck by lightning during the coronation parade. He survived, by application of resuscitation and heart massage, though millions would one day wished he had not, because his character recorded a 180 degree turn. The young King would now use all his brilliance, skill and charisma to spread misery to his family, his country and the entire world. Some would later claim, that the King had gone insane, but he remained - unfortunately - fully mentally and bodily sound until the last miserable day of his life. He had a talent to turn other people mad, though, including his brother Prince Phillip, his unfortunate wife, Queen Alexandra, and at least two prime ministers, although some claim that half of the Britain went crazy, when attempts to limit his power backfired, leading to his supporters gaining near absolute control over the country, to the thunderous applause of the general population.

With skillful maneuvering he provoked internal and international radicalization which lead to great increase of international tension and conflict, culminating in his murder during state visit to Vienna, and beginning of the pan-european conflict. British happily went to war. It took years, millions of dead, and eventually the publication of William's private journals to cure them from love to their late king. He left no legal descendants.

[23] With the Death of William III, the line of descent from Charles II and the German line which sprung forth, ended rightfully and truly, and so in 1922, at the end of the Great War, the Prince d'Aragon Eduardo Saverio Gian, rightful descendent of Philip V via his son Louis, took the throne of the British Isles as Edward VIII. Born in Tuscany in the 1860s, where the d'Aragon family had fled to after their expulsion from Britain, the Prince had been raised fully aware of his links, and right to the British throne. With the end of the 'Wurttemburg Madness' Edward was invited to Westminster by the government at the time, and so was crowned Edward VIII. His reign was primarily devoted to the restoration of Britians image, and was largely successful. He died in his sleep, and passed the Throne to his eldest son Peter II.

[24] Peter II became the King of Britain at a time when tensions in both Europe and the New World had begun to truly boil. While Britain had adopted an isolationist stance in Europe, a new web of alliances had emerged, the French Republic, the League of Italian States, and the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom were now the Second Triple Alliance, while Prussia, Sweden-Hanover, Bavaria, and Westphalia-Wurttemberg (ruled by Charles Frederick I and a claimant to the British throne) were called The Bond. To counteract these two potential threats to British interests, Peter II formed the Axis Alliance with Russia, Denmark, and the Spanish Empire, while in the New World an alliance was formed with the Mexican branch of the d'Aragon family while Louisiana and the CoC became allies, not to mention the alliances between Russia, Korea and Japan, while Peter made a new alliance with Ming China in the face of Mughal India allying with the Second Triple Alliance.

The competition between these alliance blocks came to a head when in 1940 the Ottoman Empire fell into civil war when a coup against Sultan Alaattin went wrong, while seeing the sultan dead saw the two sons who made the conspiracy also dead and having already killed their brothers saw the House of Osman die with them. The Axis, Second Triple Alliance and The Bond all saw opportunities in the Ottoman Civil War and at first waged war to seize land, create puppet-states, and colonies in the Middle East and Africa, but very quickly began fighting each other, turning Europe into a charnel house. The Great War quickly became a global conflict that lasted nine years and ended in an exhausted stalemate.

Peter II himself felt that very exhaustion, having taken to insomnia and vast quantities of tobacco to cope with the stresses of ruling an Empire at war, he died in his sleep seven days after the Treaty of Naples was signed in 1949 (Naples being the only major European nation to be neutral besides the Papal States). The British throne went to his sole son, Edward Philip Xavier, or Edward IX as he was known.

[25] Edward IX came to England as a young boy, with his Father and Grandfather in 1922. Born as Eduardo Fillipo Saverio, he was raised as an Italian, but knew he would be King of somewhere one day. During the Second Great war, he served as a tank commander primarily in Northern Germany and also along the Pyreneean Front. It would be his daring and bravery in these fierce campaigns would give him the nickname of 'The Hussar'. Returning from the war in 1948, he would soon step into the role he was born into. His reign was long, yet quiet.
In the Early forties, he also took a wife, Sophia Of Portugal, daughter of the Modern Duke of Coimbra, and she would give him three sons and a daughter.
In 1992, at the age of 87, King Edward IX, the Hussar of Aquitaine, would pass in his sleep and pass the Throne to Philip VII.

[26] Philip VII, the first d'Aragon King of Britain born on the British Isles in centuries took the throne at age 53, having spent his entire life waiting to inherit the crown. Philip's reign saw the continuation of the 'Great Peace' that his father's reign was famous for, even while the nation's technological achievements reached new heights with the development of 'The Skynet' by a British scientist, unleashing the Information Age upon the world. However in recent years the King's diabetes has become more difficult to manage and rumors of a cancer diagnosis have emerged, it is assumed that the King will die in a few more years, leaving the crown to his eldest granddaughter, Princess Claudia.

What if Charles II of Spain and Maria Anna of Neuburg had a "son"...

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife Maria Anna of Neuburg, born in 1691 his conception was controversial even in his era with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna having an affair with a Spanish officer, never the less Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe when Charles II finally died the only force that could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France, however in the face of virtual universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down trying to install his own son on the throne.

Despite ruling an Empire in decline, Philip V attempted reforms, such as purging the Inquisition of it's most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before, and began a program to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However the problems in the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin Maria Amalia as the heir to the Habsburg Domains in the Holy Roman Empire, however as a woman she couldn't normally inherit and Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip form an agreement with Maria Amalia that would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony.

Philip V was married twice and had several children and died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to ____.

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 14, 2018

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]
1751 - 1773: Jacob I (House of Hapsburg) [2]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife Maria Anna of Neuburg, born in 1691 his conception was controversial even in his era with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna having an affair with a Spanish officer, never the less Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe when Charles II finally died the only force that could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France, however in the face of virtual universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down trying to install his own son on the throne.

Despite ruling an Empire in decline, Philip V attempted reforms, such as purging the Inquisition of it's most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before, and began a program to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However the problems in the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin Maria Amalia as the heir to the Habsburg Domains in the Holy Roman Empire, however as a woman she couldn't normally inherit and Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip form an agreement with Maria Amalia that would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony.

Philip V was married twice and had several children and died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to his third son, Infante Jacobo Carlos Luis, or King Jacob I of Spain.

[2] Jacobo was born in the 19th year of his father's reign, in the midst of his first marriage to Maria Anna, the reigning Princess of Piombino, and so brought the strange name to the Spanish Crown, and adding the Principa!ity of Piombino to the Spanish Empire upon his mother's death in 1762. His reign saw the expansion of many of Spain's colonies, including the annexation and initial settlement of Nuevo Piombino (OTL Australia).
In the 1770s, However the Good King would die in his sleep, childless and pass the Throne to a brother ________.

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]
1751 - 1773: Jacob I (House of Hapsburg) [2]
1773 - 1778: Javier I (House of Habsburg) [3]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife Maria Anna of Neuburg, born in 1691 his conception was controversial even in his era with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna having an affair with a Spanish officer, never the less Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe when Charles II finally died the only force that could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France, however in the face of virtual universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down trying to install his own son on the throne.

Despite ruling an Empire in decline, Philip V attempted reforms, such as purging the Inquisition of it's most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before, and began a program to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However the problems in the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin Maria Amalia as the heir to the Habsburg Domains in the Holy Roman Empire, however as a woman she couldn't normally inherit and Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip form an agreement with Maria Amalia that would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony.

Philip V was married twice and had several children and died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to his third son, Infante Jacobo Carlos Luis, or King Jacob I of Spain.

[2] Jacobo was born in the 19th year of his father's reign, in the midst of his first marriage to Maria Anna, the reigning Princess of Piombino, and so brought the strange name to the Spanish Crown, and adding the Principality of Piombino to the Spanish Empire upon his mother's death in 1762. His reign saw the expansion of many of Spain's colonies, including the annexation and initial settlement of Nuevo Piombino (OTL Australia).
In the 1770s, However the Good King would die in his sleep, childless and pass the Throne to a brother, Prince Javier.

[3] Javier I (Xavier) was the last son of Philip V's first wife to be alive, other than his older brother Philip who had abdicated his rights to Spain in exchange for being elected the King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a decade prior, and so Javier took the Spanish throne. While in poor health due to a combination of gout and an injury sustained while horseback riding that shattered his left leg that never properly healed, Javier's reign was spent mostly in bed, trying to micromanage Spain as it's economy began to falter due to growing slave revolts in the New World, nascent movements towards independence from Spain in it's various colonies, and the issue of the succession. Javier only had two daughters, and living brothers from his father's second wife, Maria of Modena with ambitions towards the throne.

Javier I died in his bed in 1778 in agony, while trying to negotiate a settlement between these factions, leaving the throne in the hands of _____.

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 14, 2018

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]
1751 - 1773: Jacob I (House of Hapsburg) [2]
1773 - 1778: Javier I (House of Habsburg) [3]
1778 - 1797: Alfonso I (House of Hapsburg) [4]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife Maria Anna of Neuburg, born in 1691 his conception was controversial even in his era with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna having an affair with a Spanish officer, never the less Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe when Charles II finally died the only force that could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France, however in the face of virtual universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down trying to install his own son on the throne.

Despite ruling an Empire in decline, Philip V attempted reforms, such as purging the Inquisition of it's most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before, and began a program to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However the problems in the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin Maria Amalia as the heir to the Habsburg Domains in the Holy Roman Empire, however as a woman she couldn't normally inherit and Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip form an agreement with Maria Amalia that would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony.

Philip V was married twice and had several children and died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to his third son, Infante Jacobo Carlos Luis, or King Jacob I of Spain.

[2] Jacobo was born in the 19th year of his father's reign, in the midst of his first marriage to Maria Anna, the reigning Princess of Piombino, and so brought the strange name to the Spanish Crown, and adding the Principa!ity of Piombino to the Spanish Empire upon his mother's death in 1762. His reign saw the expansion of many of Spain's colonies, including the annexation and initial settlement of Nuevo Piombino (OTL Australia).
In the 1770s, However the Good King would die in his sleep, childless and pass the Throne to a brother, Prince Javier.

[3] Javier I (Xavier) was the last son of Philip V's first wife to be alive, other than his older brother Philip who had abdicated his rights to Spain in exchange for being elected the King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a decade prior, and so Javier took the Spanish throne. While in poor health due to a combination of gout and an injury sustained while horseback riding that shattered his left leg that never properly healed, Javier's reign was spent mostly in bed, trying to micromanage Spain as it's economy began to falter due to growing slave revolts in the New World, nascent movements towards independence from Spain in it's various colonies, and the issue of the succession. Javier only had two daughters, and living brothers from his father's second wife, Maria of Modena with ambitions towards the throne.

Javier I died in his bed in 1778 in agony, while trying to negotiate a settlement between these factions, leaving the throne in the hands of his half-brother, and son-in-law, Infante Alfonso, Duke of Cadiz.

[4] The youngest son of Philip V, born a mere few months before his fathers death, in 1750, the Eighteen year old Alfonso of Cadiz would come to throne a different image to the old men who had preceded him. He married Maria Anna, the Eldest daughter of Javier I, and would have four children.
His reign saw the suppression of the Slave revolts, and most of the independence movements in South America were similarly cruahed, though some would linger on. During his rule, he would also spend large portions of time in the Neapolitan territories of the Spanish Empire, and would invest large portions of his own funds into a great modernising of that city.
He would abdicate in 1797, to his eldest son, and would retire to Rome where he became a Prince of the Church, and took vows and became a Cardinal. He would eventually die in his sleep, as Bishop of Taranto in 1811.

Deleted member 81475 · Apr 14, 2018

Shouldn't he be Alfonso XII? I've never been 100% but I've always assumed Spanish monarchs used the highest number from Castile or Aragon). Either way, kudos to Felipe for giving his kids some original names.

The_Last_Plantagenet · Apr 14, 2018

Charcolt said:
Shouldn't he be Alfonso XII? I've never been 100% but I've always assumed Spanish monarchs used the highest number from Castile or Aragon). Either way, kudos to Felipe for giving his kids some original names.

When the OTL Alfonso decided his regal number, there was quite the argument whether he was Alfonso XII of Castille, or the I of Spain.
I've made the decision of the I here

allows for more creativity I think.

And thanks

Shiva · Apr 14, 2018

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]
1751 - 1773: Jacob I (House of Hapsburg) [2]
1773 - 1778: Javier I (House of Habsburg) [3]
1778 - 1797: Alfonso I (House of Hapsburg) [4]
1797 - 1821: Philip VI (House of Habsburg) [5]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife Maria Anna of Neuburg, born in 1691 his conception was controversial even in his era with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna having an affair with a Spanish officer, never the less Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe when Charles II finally died the only force that could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France, however in the face of virtual universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down trying to install his own son on the throne.

Despite ruling an Empire in decline, Philip V attempted reforms, such as purging the Inquisition of it's most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before, and began a program to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However the problems in the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin Maria Amalia as the heir to the Habsburg Domains in the Holy Roman Empire, however as a woman she couldn't normally inherit and Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip form an agreement with Maria Amalia that would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony.

Philip V was married twice and had several children and died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to his third son, Infante Jacobo Carlos Luis, or King Jacob I of Spain.

[2] Jacobo was born in the 19th year of his father's reign, in the midst of his first marriage to Maria Anna, the reigning Princess of Piombino, and so brought the strange name to the Spanish Crown, and adding the Principa!ity of Piombino to the Spanish Empire upon his mother's death in 1762. His reign saw the expansion of many of Spain's colonies, including the annexation and initial settlement of Nuevo Piombino (OTL Australia).
In the 1770s, However the Good King would die in his sleep, childless and pass the Throne to a brother, Prince Javier.

[3] Javier I (Xavier) was the last son of Philip V's first wife to be alive, other than his older brother Philip who had abdicated his rights to Spain in exchange for being elected the King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a decade prior, and so Javier took the Spanish throne. While in poor health due to a combination of gout and an injury sustained while horseback riding that shattered his left leg that never properly healed, Javier's reign was spent mostly in bed, trying to micromanage Spain as it's economy began to falter due to growing slave revolts in the New World, nascent movements towards independence from Spain in it's various colonies, and the issue of the succession. Javier only had two daughters, and living brothers from his father's second wife, Maria of Modena with ambitions towards the throne.

Javier I died in his bed in 1778 in agony, while trying to negotiate a settlement between these factions, leaving the throne in the hands of his half-brother, and son-in-law, Infante Alfonso, Duke of Cadiz.

[4] The youngest son of Philip V, born a mere few months before his fathers death, in 1750, the Eighteen year old Alfonso of Cadiz would come to throne a different image to the old men who had preceded him. He married Maria Anna, the Eldest daughter of Javier I, and would have four children.
His reign saw the suppression of the Slave revolts, and most of the independence movements in South America were similarly cruahed, though some would linger on. During his rule, he would also spend large portions of time in the Neapolitan territories of the Spanish Empire, and would invest large portions of his own funds into a great modernising of that city.
He would abdicate in 1797, to his eldest son, and would retire to Rome where he became a Prince of the Church, and took vows and became a Cardinal. He would eventually die in his sleep, as Bishop of Taranto in 1811.

[5] Philip VI took the Spanish throne at an interesting time in European politics, while the British lost control of their colonies in the New World to the American Revolution, their attempts at establishing a Republic failed, resulting in the creation of the United Kingdoms of America with an elected King from amongst their political classes (the first was Benedict I of the House of Arnold), meanwhile the Polish Hapsburgs had successfully reformed the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth into a more stable, centralized state under Philip III of Poland-Lithuania. However the HRE continued to slowly wither, the Austrian Hapsburg-Wettin's real power coming from their direct holdings. France was convulsed by instability from a number of political, economic, and social factors that almost turned into a revolt that was abated by the accidental death of Louis XVI while inspecting a roof repair at Versailles and the rise of his 8 year old son as Louis XVII, allowing his Regent the Prince of Orleans a free hand to placate those who could be placated, and crush the rest.

In Spain itself, Philip VI continued to centralize the state, dissolving the traditional kingdoms in Iberia and truly making Spain a united Kingdom.

In terms of his private life, Philip married his cousin, Maria Louisa of Poland-Lithuania and had three children with her, however the King was fond of violent sports such as bullfighting and the running of the bulls in Barcelona and while participating in a run fell and was crushed to death by the bulls, leaving the throne to his ___, _____.

Neptune · Apr 15, 2018

I took the liberty to spruce up previous entries.

Kings of Spain
1700 - 1751: Philip V (House of Habsburg) [1]
1751 - 1773: Jacob I (House of Hapsburg) [2]
1773 - 1778: Javier I (House of Habsburg) [3]
1778 - 1797: Alfonso I (House of Hapsburg) [4]
1797 - 1821: Philip VI (House of Habsburg) [5]
1821 - 1864: Philip VII (House of Habsburg) [6]

[1] Philip V, the only child of Charles II 'the Bewitched' of Spain and his second wife, Maria Anna of Neuburg, was born in 1691. His conception was controversial, even by the standards of the time, with many suspecting the domineering Maria Anna of having an affair with a Spanish officer. Nevertheless, Charles II never questioned the boy's lineage, and despite vicious rumors throughout the courts of Europe, when Charles II finally died, the only force who could oppose Prince Philip's ascension to the throne was France. However, in the face of virtually universal opposition to a Bourbon on the Spanish throne, Louis XIV was forced to back down from trying to install his own son on the throne.

Although he was ruling an Empire obviously on the decline, Philip V attempted reform - such as purging the Inquisition of its most corrupt elements and putting it on a much tighter leash than before - and began to centralize Spain's various regional governments into a more unified structure with limited success. However, the problems faced by the House of Habsburg continued when the Austrian branch died out in the male line, leaving only his cousin, Maria Amalia, as the heir to the Habsburg lands in the Holy Roman Empire. However, as a woman, she was barred from inheriting those lands. Philip V would have been her legal heir, but opposition from the powers of Europe saw Philip V form an agreement with Maria Amalia which would allow her to become Holy Roman Empress and form a new branch of the House of Habsburg, the House of Habsburg-Wettin, with her husband, the brother of the Duke of Saxony and Holy Roman Emperor.

Philip V was married twice and had several children. He died at age 60 of a stomach ulcer, leaving the throne to his third son, Infante Jacobo Carlos Luis / King Jacob I of Spain.

[2] Jacobo was born in the 19th year of his father's reign, in the middle of his first marriage to Maria Anna, the reigning Princess of Piombino, and so brought this strange name into the dynasty. The Principality of Piombino was added to the Spanish Empire upon his mother's death in 1762. His reign saw the expansion of many of Spain's colonies, including the annexation and initial settlement of Nuevo Piombino (OTL Australia).

In the 1770s, the Good King died in his sleep, childless, and passed the throne to his brother, Prince Javier.

[3] Javier I (Xavier) was the last son of Philip V's first wife still alive (apart from his older brother, Philip, who had abdicated his right to the throne in exchange for being elected the King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a decade prior) and so the Spanish throne was his. In poor health due to a combination of gout and a shattered left leg (sustained while riding) which never properly healed, Javier's reign was spent mostly in bed, trying to micromanage Spain as its economy began to falter due to growing slave revolts in the New World, nascent movements towards independence from Spain in its various colonies, and the issue of the succession. Javier only had two daughters, and there were living brothers from his father's second wife, Maria of Modena, with ambitions towards the throne.

Javier I died in his bed in 1778 in agony, while trying to negotiate a settlement between these factions, leaving the throne in the hands of his half-brother and son-in-law, Infante Alfonso, Duke of Cadiz.

[4] Alfonso of Cadiz was the youngest son of Philip V, born a mere few months before his father's death, in 1750. At twenty-eight, Alfonso I came to the throne with a considerably different image from the old men who had preceded him. He married Maria Anna, the eldest daughter of Javier I, and would have four children.

His reign saw the suppression of the slave revolts, while most of the independence movements in South America were similarly crushed (though some would linger on). During his reign, he would also spend large portions of time in the Neapolitan territories of the Spanish Empire, and would invest large portions of his own funds into a great modernization of that city.

He abdicated in 1797 to his eldest son, and retired to Rome where he became a Prince of the Church, taking vows to become a Cardinal. He would eventually die in his sleep as Bishop of Taranto in 1811.

[5] Philip VI took the Spanish throne at an interesting time in European politics. While the British lost control of their colonies in the New World to the American Revolution, the Revolution's attempts at establishing a Republic failed, resulting in the creation of the United Kingdoms of America with an elected King from among their political classes (the first was Benedict I of the House of Arnold). Meanwhile, the Polish Habsburgs had successfully reformed the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth into a more stable, centralized state under Philip III of Poland-Lithuania. However, the HRE continued to slowly wither as the Austrian Hapsburg-Wettins derived more and more real power from their direct holdings. France was highly unstable, due to a number of political, economic, and social factors. A revolt was narrowly avoided due to the accidental death of Louis XVI while inspecting a roof repair at Versailles. The rise of his eight-year-old son, Louis XVII, gave his Regent, the Prince of Orleans, a free hand to placate those who could be placated and crush the rest.

In Spain itself, Philip VI continued to centralize the state, dissolving the traditional Iberian advisory councils, and forged Spain into a united kingdom for the first time in history.

Philip married his cousin, Maria Louisa of Poland-Lithuania, and had three children with her. However, the King was fond of violent sports such as bullfighting and the running of the bulls in Barcelona. While participating in a run, he fell and was crushed to death by the bulls, leaving the throne to his eldest son, Philip.

[6] Philip VII ascended to the throne at the age of 28, and threw himself into reforming the overseas Empire with great enthusiasm. It was during this period that the territorial expansion of the Spanish Empire reached its zenith. The Empire dominated most of South America and a sizable portion of North America. It had seized Australasia and chunks of the Gold Coast and East Africa. In the East Indies, the heart of Spanish power lay in the Philippines, extending its tentacles through the Straits of Malacca, conducting trade with the Dutch, British and French. In India - where the tide had begun to turn against the European interlopers - Spain had established a number of friendly local regimes in the Deccan. Although the Russians were beginning to catch up, the Spanish remained the quintessential world power.

Towards the tail-end of his father's reign, Philip VII had spearheaded the funding and construction of the first factories on the European continent, kick-starting the Industrial Revolution in Europe. This entrepreneurial spirit dogged his numerous travels across the Atlantic to the Spanish Empire in the Americas. Over the course of his long reign, Philip VII made the maintenance of Spanish America his #1 priority.

He was only able to do this because an age of unprecedented peace had fallen over Europe. The Holy Roman Empire, though not entirely peaceful, had not seen a major war since a few decades ago, mostly owing to the willingness of the Habsburg-Wettins to destroy with all available force any potential challengers to their authority. To the east, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had grown into its epithet of "Bulwark of Christianity", as hordes of Commonwealth troops harassed Russian and Ottoman bandits. France was still in the process of reforming itself, while the Ottoman Empire collapsed further into dysfunctional government with every passing year. As for Scandinavia and the British... what of them?

While Philip VII was unable to conclusively bring an end to slavery in Spanish America, the increasingly rebellious (and liberal) criollo and mestizo class was gratified to see their monarch finally pay attention to them. The sheer frequency of his trips to the Americas aroused widespread curiosity among the politically active colonials, who flocked from city to city to share their grievances with their King. Over almost four decades, Philip VII spent nearly two years in the Americas, spread out over a total of thirteen trips.

But political representation and recognition wasn't the only thing that Philip VII brought to Spain. The increasing connectivity and economic clout that the Industrial Revolution provided allowed the Spanish government to publish a mind-numbing quantity of propaganda, while the telegraph allowed for government agents to communicate in secret, launching devastating counter-intelligence raids on potential pro-independence intellectuals. Philip VII brought prosperity to Spanish America, as well as increasing quantities of Spanish-manufactured culture, welding them ever-closer to Madrid... but, in the shadows, he also presided over the world's first police state.

The casta system faded into irrelevance. Factories, plantations and rapidly growing cities sprung up along the Andes and on the coasts of the Caribbean. As Spanish America flourished, they were brought closer and closer to Madrid, subdivided and subdivided again into administrative units ruled by bureaucrats raised in Spanish schools, taught by Spanish teachers. Spanish Africa, Spanish India, Spanish Australasia and Spanish Asia were revitalized by floods of ambitious and greedy young soldiers and businessmen.

It was just as Spain was getting back on its feet that disaster struck.

The Habsburg Compact (Spain, Austria and Poland-Lithuania) had ruled supreme over Europe for a few decades. In France's opinion, that was three decades too long. In the Ottoman Empire, the Sublime Porte raged impotently at Austrian depredations - Hungary was lost, while Bosnia, Serbia and the Danubian Principalities were slowly detaching themselves from Konstantiniyye. Russia, of course, wanted to swallow up vast quantities of Commonwealth land. And in northern Germany, an impoverished "Kingdom" by the name of Prussia felt that Austria had no right to dictate its foreign affairs, and had gathered a small coalition of minor states who felt the same way.

All that was needed was a spark... and, when the Austrian embarked on yet another campaign into the Balkans, the whole thing went up in flames.

In 1863 - while Philip VII was in bed, growing weaker by the day - Austria declared war on the Ottomans. One day later, Russia declared war on Austria and Poland-Lithuania. Spain declared war on Russia and the Ottomans. France, Prussia and an assortment of minor German states declared war on Austria, Poland-Lithuania and Spain.

Philip VII had four sons and three daughters. When he passed away in January 1864, hundreds of thousands of Spanish troops were clambering onto a railway bound for French Louisiana. A vast wave of Russian soldiers had punctured Commonwealth lines on the Dnieper. In India, France and Spain called their allies to arms.

Future historians would call this conflict the First World War.

List of monarchs III

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