List of monarchs III
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1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1625: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1625: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan)[1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan)[2]
966 - 1090: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Gat Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-1049; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
[*] The Edes were from the same stock as the ancestors of Tondo-Namayan ethnolinguistic group; in this scenario, they've encountered a confederation of tribes (not related to the Atis) who spoke a dialect of the direct descendant of proto-Philippine language.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan)[1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan)[2]
966 - 1090: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Gat Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-1049; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
[*] The Edes were from the same stock as the ancestors of Tondo-Namayan ethnolinguistic group; in this scenario, they've encountered a confederation of tribes (not related to the Atis) who spoke a dialect of the direct descendant of proto-Philippine language.
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Sultans of Brunei
Bolkiah/ Nakhoda Ragam 1485 - 1520(House of Brunei)[1]
[1]
Sultan Bolkiah's victory over the Majapahit vassal Selurong which led the siezure of the cities of Kota Selurong and Tondo from the Kingdom of Selurong, however both the Kingdom of Selurong, Kaboloan and associated city states like Hagunoy and Faru would continue to fight to regain Tondo but fail due to Majapahit no longer in the position to aid them.
His marriage to Laila Mecanai, the daughter of Sulu Sultan Amir Ul-Ombra, also widen Brunei's influence in the Sulu Archipelago and in the north.
This increased Brunei's wealth as well as extending Islamic teachings in the region, resulting in the influence and power of Brunei reaching its peak during this period. Bolkiah's rule reached essentially all of coastal Borneo as far south as Banjarmasin, and as far north in Kumintang and the Environs of the Kota Selurong in the North.
Bolkiah/ Nakhoda Ragam 1485 - 1520(House of Brunei)[1]
[1]
Sultan Bolkiah's victory over the Majapahit vassal Selurong which led the siezure of the cities of Kota Selurong and Tondo from the Kingdom of Selurong, however both the Kingdom of Selurong, Kaboloan and associated city states like Hagunoy and Faru would continue to fight to regain Tondo but fail due to Majapahit no longer in the position to aid them.
His marriage to Laila Mecanai, the daughter of Sulu Sultan Amir Ul-Ombra, also widen Brunei's influence in the Sulu Archipelago and in the north.
This increased Brunei's wealth as well as extending Islamic teachings in the region, resulting in the influence and power of Brunei reaching its peak during this period. Bolkiah's rule reached essentially all of coastal Borneo as far south as Banjarmasin, and as far north in Kumintang and the Environs of the Kota Selurong in the North.
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I think we're doing Tondo-Namayan and the Safavid lists at the moment, but I'm fine with doing Brunei when one or the other is dead or done. Though to note, the actual list for Persia is more like this:
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
[*] The Edes were from the same stock as the ancestors of Tondo-Namayan ethnolinguistic group; in this scenario, they've encountered a confederation of tribes (not related to the Atis) who spoke a dialect of the direct descendant of proto-Philippine language.
Apologies for not adding to either; I was doing a check through on posts before I went to work on college assignments. I'll get back to this later in the day.
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
[*] The Edes were from the same stock as the ancestors of Tondo-Namayan ethnolinguistic group; in this scenario, they've encountered a confederation of tribes (not related to the Atis) who spoke a dialect of the direct descendant of proto-Philippine language.
Apologies for not adding to either; I was doing a check through on posts before I went to work on college assignments. I'll get back to this later in the day.
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter __________ as regent (bupati).
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter __________ as regent (bupati).
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Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter __________ as regent (bupati).[/QUOTE]
[7] The Nobles of Selurong especially that of the Gaddang and the Upper Pampanga river valley nobles and the minor states such as the city states dependent on Selurong elect the King of Kaboloan(OTL Pangasinan), Ari Jayadewa as the King(Ari of Selurong), an agnate or male line relative of Ari Domogan taking away the territories of the old Kingdom of Selurong from the Empire, taking away Upper Tubigaraw and Upper Pampanga river from the Tondo Kingdom-Namayan, restoring its old alliance to Medan, Singhasari and Pasai, however Ari Jayadewa would cede an area in the south Agno and further west of the edge of Upper the Pampanga River Valley(OTL Tarlac and Zambales) to the Tondo-Namayan Empire gving the Tondo-Namayan Empire rights to the lands of the Sambals, the Kingdom of Selurong would also renounce its rights to the lands near Manila bay and Lower Pampanga river valley(OTL Bulacan and Pampanga)..
The reign of Dumangsil II would be known as the shining and the best rule of Tondo-Namayan..since Tondo-Namayan would ally with the Sri-Vijayan Empire and the signing of peace between the Kingdom of Selurong..he would be succeded by his son.._____..
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).[/QUOTE]
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matnaglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).[/QUOTE]
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
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Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
done
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
1150 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
Monarchs of Bai
1210 - 1260: Gat Alon[9]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).[/QUOTE]
[7] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[8] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Also during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[9] Gat Alon would lose Selurong and all of Tondo Namayan lands north of Kawit from Ari Indradewa(the son of Ari Jayadewa) including Tondo and Namayan,due to the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan reclaiming the Kingdom of Selurong and breeching the treaty of his father and thus the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan becomes called as the Kingdom of Bai, the new revived Kingdom of Selurong would be Anti-China and aligned with Singhasari, Dai Viet and Pasai.
The Chinese would be interested in Kumintang and Bai's trade to the South while Selurong would be friends with Dai-Viet an enemy of the Chinese.
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Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
Apologies to @kasumigenx for not double-checking the posts before commenting earlier this morning.
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
OOC Note:
Apologies to @kasumigenx for not double-checking the posts before commenting earlier this morning.
Last edited:
OOC: Guys. The reign lengths are really weird, unless all of them have children really late in life. Please keep the lifespans in mind.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
1150 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1210 - 1260: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [9]
1260 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[7] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[8] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Also during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[9] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Harirama.
[10] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1281-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island). On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Tala.
[11] Daughter of Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild ______.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
1150 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1210 - 1260: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [9]
1260 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[7] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[8] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Also during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[9] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Harirama.
[10] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1281-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island). On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Tala.
[11] Daughter of Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild ______.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
1150 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1210 - 1260: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [9]
1260 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1321 - 1350: Alon II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[12]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[7] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[8] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Also during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[9] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Harirama.
[10] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1281-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island). On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Tala.
[11] Daughter of Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Alon II.
[12]In the begining of the reign of Alon II saw the restoration of the old kingdom of selurong and its unification with the new Kingdom of Kaboloan under a descentant of Ari Jayadewa, Ari Indrajaya, naming the Kingdom as Selurong or Gintu dynasty, the Gintu Dynasty would incorporate Faru(OTL Aparri) and Ifugao as its direct subjects and the Upper Pampanga valley and the Irraya/Gaddang area would be its backbone of the new country, the Selurong(Gintu Dynasty) which is centered in Lagawe, in Ifugao.
Indrajaya and Alon II would create a peace where in Selurong(Gintu) and Tondo-Namayan would not war with each other and also the Pampanga river valley would be divided between Alon II and Indrajaya, the Upper Pampanga river(OTL Nueva Ecija and Tarlac) to Indrajaya and Lower Pampanga river to Alon II and the Sambal and Samtoy area would be confirmed to Alon II, both of the new Kingdoms would have different political courses.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 1008: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [4]
1050 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[7]
1150 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1210 - 1260: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [9]
1260 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1321 - 1350: Alon II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[12]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her son Dumangsil.
[4] The son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, _____.
[5] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
[6] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[7] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[8] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Also during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[9] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Harirama.
[10] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1281-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island). On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Tala.
[11] Daughter of Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Alon II.
[12]In the begining of the reign of Alon II saw the restoration of the old kingdom of selurong and its unification with the new Kingdom of Kaboloan under a descentant of Ari Jayadewa, Ari Indrajaya, naming the Kingdom as Selurong or Gintu dynasty, the Gintu Dynasty would incorporate Faru(OTL Aparri) and Ifugao as its direct subjects and the Upper Pampanga valley and the Irraya/Gaddang area would be its backbone of the new country, the Selurong(Gintu Dynasty) which is centered in Lagawe, in Ifugao.
Indrajaya and Alon II would create a peace where in Selurong(Gintu) and Tondo-Namayan would not war with each other and also the Pampanga river valley would be divided between Alon II and Indrajaya, the Upper Pampanga river(OTL Nueva Ecija and Tarlac) to Indrajaya and Lower Pampanga river to Alon II and the Sambal and Samtoy area would be confirmed to Alon II, both of the new Kingdoms would have different political courses.
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their fait. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother/sister _________ was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
OOC:
@Mr. Magi: You can modify your penultimate update to include parts of my modified post.
@Timaeus: Well, should I say more?
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their fait. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother/sister _________ was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
OOC:
@Mr. Magi: You can modify your penultimate update to include parts of my modified post.
@Timaeus: Well, should I say more?
Last edited:
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bukit Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[17] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his child ____.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bukit Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[17] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his child ____.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son/daughter __________.
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Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma [20]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bukit Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[19] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him.
When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit.
Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to his heir ____, the child of his brother.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma [20]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bukit Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[19] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him.
When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit.
Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to his heir ____, the child of his brother.
Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan (Talanen Clan) [21]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit.
Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece
[21] The niece of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that his son/daughter __________ inherited when she died.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan (Talanen Clan) [21]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit.
Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece
[21] The niece of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that his son/daughter __________ inherited when she died.
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Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan Miriya (Talanen Clan) [21]
1481 - 1500: Gat Gambang II Iliya (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [22]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit. Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece.
[21] The daughter of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that her son Gambang inherited when she died.
[22] First monarch of the Tagean-Talanen dynasty, Gambang Iliya (Elijah) continued his parents' work, and continued the conversion of the land to the increasingly dominant faith of Christianity, gathering scholars to translate the Bible into the Namayan tongue. In this time, the many explorers under the patronage of the Vimaranes-Tusculani dynasty of Castile-Galicia were astounded by the Christian kingdom of Tondo that had prospered in the middle of pagans and Muslims, believing the land was the fabled kingdom of Prester John. That an ancestor of the clan was named John only added to the mystique. In any case, Iliya was also a warrior king fighting the rise of the sultanates. He died in battle against Sultan Bolkiah after dealing him a fatal blow and was succeeded by his still underaged child ___, his younger brother ____ designated regent for the child.
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan Miriya (Talanen Clan) [21]
1481 - 1500: Gat Gambang II Iliya (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [22]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit. Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece.
[21] The daughter of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that her son Gambang inherited when she died.
[22] First monarch of the Tagean-Talanen dynasty, Gambang Iliya (Elijah) continued his parents' work, and continued the conversion of the land to the increasingly dominant faith of Christianity, gathering scholars to translate the Bible into the Namayan tongue. In this time, the many explorers under the patronage of the Vimaranes-Tusculani dynasty of Castile-Galicia were astounded by the Christian kingdom of Tondo that had prospered in the middle of pagans and Muslims, believing the land was the fabled kingdom of Prester John. That an ancestor of the clan was named John only added to the mystique. In any case, Iliya was also a warrior king fighting the rise of the sultanates. He died in battle against Sultan Bolkiah after dealing him a fatal blow and was succeeded by his still underaged child ___, his younger brother ____ designated regent for the child.
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Monarchs of Tondo-Namayan/Dongdu
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan Miriya (Talanen Clan) [21]
1481 - 1500: Gat Gambang II Iliya (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [22]
1500 - 1558: Gat Ache Tanda (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [23]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit. Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece.
[21] The daughter of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that her son Gambang inherited when she died.
[22] First monarch of the Tagean-Talanen dynasty, Gambang Iliya (Elijah) continued his parents' work, and continued the conversion of the land to the increasingly dominant faith of Christianity, gathering scholars to translate the Bible into the Namayan tongue. In this time, the many explorers under the patronage of the Vimaranes-Tusculani dynasty of Castile-Galicia were astounded by the Christian kingdom of Tondo that had prospered in the middle of pagans and Muslims, believing the land was the fabled kingdom of Prester John. That an ancestor of the clan was named John only added to the mystique. In any case, Iliya was also a warrior king fighting the rise of the sultanates. He died in battle against Sultan Bolkiah after dealing him a fatal blow and was succeeded by his still underaged child Ache, his younger brother Gat Bo-Usil designated regent for the child.
[23] The eldest child of the slain monarch Gat Gambang II, he was eleven years of age when he inherited the throne; because of his minority of age, his uncle the Chief Minister Gat Bo-usil anak Lontok nan Tagean-Talanen was designated as regent (bupati) until he reached the right age to formally took the throne (age 21). It was during this era that the kingdom became a vassal state of Bruneian Empire after a treaty was signed between Sultan Bolkiah and the Pangulu/Bupati in 1519, in which Brunei would retain the independence of the kingdom in exchange of paying a tribute to the Bruneian Sultan and his descendants. In consequence, a new faction entered the inner royal circle of Tondo-Namayan royal palace complex: the Bruneian faction, led by Rahman Ali Bolkiah, a direct relative of the Bruneian royal family, who married a Tondo-Namayan aristocrat. As of this moment, two events marked the future of the whole kingdom: the expedition sent by the recently-unified Spain (or Castile-Galicia-Aragon-Navarre under the new Vimaranes-Tusculani-Trastamara dynasty) led by Fernando de Magallanes; although it ended with the explorer's death, it signalled the beginning of the end of the kingdom, and the final assault of the Manobo-led Agusan Kingdom on the Surigao, which led to the evacuation of almost all of its population to Lupang Maasen (OTL: Southern Leyte). Nevertheless, Gat Ache survived the upheavals, both local and internal, in his long reign; he was succeeded by his son/daughter ___________.
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
1706 - 1733: Abbas II (Safavid Dynasty) [7]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
[7] Abbas II was well-known among the Iranian linguists and historian as the man who thoroughly reformed the Persian language by improving the Perso-Arabic script and developing a distinct vocabulary derived from three sources: Old Persian, Middle Persian and neighboring Iranian languages. The monarch, a well-known expert on mirror writing, thought that the revised (read: mirror-written and phonemic-based) Perso-Arabic script could be easier to write and write among the lower and middle classes within his kingdom, so he decreed that his version of the script the co-official writing system across the country, particularly in popular/secular literature, trade and government bureaucracy; in order to placate the feelings of the Muslim clerics, he assured that their version of Persian would be still be used across Iran, thus established a diglossia that would last until the 20th century. In addition, he was credited on introducing Western sciences to the country by personally translating them into what then called "secular Persian".
885 - 920: Gat Ama Jayadewa (Haringadlaw Clan) [1]
920 - 966: Dayang Katangrani Inadewi (Haringadlaw Clan) [2]
966 - 990: Dayang Mayari (Haringadlaw Clan) [3]
990 - 1008: Gat Rawan (Tagean-Haringadlaw) [4]
1008 - 1050: Gat Dumangsil I (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [5]
1050 - 1075: Gat Dimangan (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [6]
1075 - 1095: Gat Matanglawin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [7]
1095 - 1118: Gat Balaybanui (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [8]
1118 - 1150: Gat Dumangsil II(Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan)[9]
1150 - 1175: Gat Harigaja (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [10]
1175 - 1210: Gat Timamakum (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [11]
1210 - 1249: Gat Alon (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [12]
1249 - 1280: Gat Gajasimha (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan [13]
1280 - 1307: Gat Harirama (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [14]
1307 - 1321: Dayang Tala Sirin (Tagean-Haringadlaw Clan) [15]
1321 - 1350: Gat Alon II (Talanen Clan) [16]
1350 - 1361: Gat Haringlawin (Talanen Clan) [17]
1361 - 1399: Gat Dumangsil III Iyohane (Talanen Clan) [18]
1399 - 1428: Gat Gambang (Talanen Clan) [19]
1428 - 1457: Gat Haringlawin II Toma (Talanen Clan) [20]
1457 - 1481: Dayang Kalangitan Miriya (Talanen Clan) [21]
1481 - 1500: Gat Gambang II Iliya (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [22]
1500 - 1558: Gat Ache Tanda (Tagean-Talanen Clan) [23]
[1] Claiming that his clan was direct descendants of the legendary Gat Amaron and his wife Dayang Po Inahan, Ama Jayadewa won respect from the rest of Namayan clans in a vast territory stretching from the eastern banks of Pampanga River passing through the northern and west shores of Ba-i Lake (OTL: Laguna de Bay) and the Pacific coast to the mountains in the south that considered as the traditional border between Namayans and Kumintang-speaking Balayan Kingdom. Already connected to each other through trade, intermarriage and sometimes clan warfare, Ama Jayadewa was confirmed as the first monarch of the unified Namayan-speaking kingdom through the Oaths and Chronicles of Tondo, considered as one of the most important pre-colonial Philippine documents. In his reign as king, currency was introduced, laws were codified and local government was reorganized, with assurance of limited self-government. The usual Southeast Asian mandala state was already evident at this moment, as seen in the copperplate inscriptions discovered in the southern shores of Ba-i Lake. Reigned as king for 35 years, he was succeeded by his daughter Dayang Katangrani.
[2] Succeeding her father, Katangrani faced many rebellions over the course of her long reign, which she triumphed over with a combination of brute force and expert diplomacy, and would add to the realm of her father. She established her clan and her capital at Kota Seludong as the definitive heart of the realm, and would come to be known by the epithet Inadewi. Near the end of her reign, she would receive the first emissaries of the fledgling Song dynasty, and indeed a minor prince of that kingdom married her granddaughter and heir, Dayang Mayari.
[3] Named after the moon and war goddess, Dayang Mayari was the granddaughter of Katangari Inadewi through her son Gat Banuibatu; she became the heir to the throne of Tondo after the death of her father at the hands of the Buhid in the northern part of Ma-i (OTL Mindoro). Well-known for her skills in martial arts, particularly in kali, she married Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan), younger brother of the first Song emperor and a minor prince himself, also known for his skills in administration, both civilian and military; before her death, Queen Katangari Inadewi gave her grandson-in-law the clan name Tagean, thus he was identified as Gat Kongcantio Tagean, the Consort of the Queen of Tondo. Her reign was significant in the growth of the kingdom as the capital Tondo began its expansion beyond the mouth of Kagayang Namayan (OTL: Pasig River); the city center, including the Royal Quarter itself, started its fortification. An able military commander herself, she started expanding not just the army, but also the navy as well; it was said that about twenty great warships (Karakoa) during her reign. During this period, she maintained economic and trading relationship not just with the Song Empire, but also through the Indianized kingdoms in the south. It was noted the the Namayan culture has started its Golden Age during this period. She was succeeded by her eldest son Rawan.
[4] The eldest son of Gat Kongcantio Tagean (趙匡贊, Tio Khong-chan/Zhao Kuangzan) and Queen Dayang Mayari, Gat Rawan's short but significant reign was characterized by establishin contacts with the neighboring kingdom of Seludong, a contact that would eventually lead into the addition of the Seludong territory to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom. In addition, he eventually started the royal traditions of Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession. However, he was remembers in later-day chronicles for his abdication after eighteen years to become Chief Priest (Punung Kiyai) of the Kingdom. Unmarried at the time of his abdication, he nevertheless remained one of the significant people in the whole Tondo-Namayan, where he was succeeded by his younger brother Dumangsil.
[5] The second son of Gat Koncantio Tagean [Tio Khong-chan (趙匡贊, Zhao Kuangzan)] and Queen Dayang Mayari, he was known for his matrimonial alliance with Gat Ari Domogan, the ruler of Seludong, another Philippine mandala state that encompassed a decent territory stretching from the northern border of the Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the upper portion of Kagayang Tubigaraw (OTL: Cagayan River). Aided by his Chief Ministers (Pangulu) Gat Matanglawin nan Batungmanuk (c. 975-1031, served 995-1031) and Gat Cakti nan Pulumbatu (980-49; served 1031-49), he sucessfully maintained the loyalty of the nobility and the junior branches of the royal Haringadlaw clan by issuing a decree that adding the clan name into him and his immediate family, reiterating that he uphold the foundation myth of the Tondo-Namayan royal family. Otherwise, Gat Dumangsil retained the policies started by his mother and he was succeeded by his son, Dimangan.
[6] Named after the god of good harvests, King Dimangan was known for the complication of judicial decisions from different parts of the Tondo-Namayan territory. Aided by his Chief Minister Gat Mapulon nan Gunungapuy (c. 1015-72, served 1050-72), the decision were codified into a civil law that reflected the culture and law enforcement in this part of pre-colonial Philippines. It was also during this period that the leading Seludong nobles and intellectuals started to gain some influence within the Royal Court. He was succeeded by his son Gat Matanglawin.
[7] Named after Chief Minister Gat Matanglawin of Batungmanuk, Gat Matanglawin was bethtotted (and married) to Dayang Maniwang, the heiress of Seludong Kingdom; their marriage resulted in the adsorption of Seludong to the Tondo-Namayan Kingdom, thus enlarging its already vast territory. It was during his reign that a series of maritime expiditions were sent to eastern shores of Pulu Pan-ay (OTL: eastern Iloilo province) to establish formal trade (and geopolitical) relationships with the Ede city-states[*], thus confirming the rumors/reports of "our lost brethrens" from the kingdom's emissaries to the Royal Court in Tondo; the expeditions were successful, paving the way for the indirect presence of Tondo-Namayan kingdom to the Visayan islands. Succeeded by his son Gat Balaybanui.
[8] The eldest son of Gat Matanglawin, Gat Balaybanui's reign as King of Tondo-Namayan was marked by three significant events that marked the history of the kingdom, as depicted by the latter-day court historians in their chronicles: First, the series of border skirmishes with the Gaddang Confederacy in the upper Kagayang Tubigaraw, which resulted to the construction of fortifications, principally garrisons, across the northern frontiers of the kingdom and commanded by soldiers, all of them hailed from all parts of the country. Second, the consolidation of Tondo-Namayan's geopolitical power in the Visayan Islands as the Ede city-states accepted suzerainity by paying tribute to the monarch in exchange of their loyalty, thus started its complex relationship with different Visayan states such as Sugbu, Medya-as Confederacy and Bugkalot Confederacy (OTL: whole Negros Occidental, which in this scenario was populated by Hiligaynon speakers from pre-Hispanic era). And third, the erupting conflict within the Royal Court as the different factions of the Haringadlaw clan engaged in conflict for power with the lesser nobles, powerful temple priests and the Chief Minister, who was now the second most powerful man in the whole country. Later-day royal historians said that Gat Balaybanui was deeply disturbed of scheming, backstabbing and intrigues that plagued the whole Royal Court that he got sick; a couple of years before he died, he named his son/daughter Gat Balaybanui as regent (bupati).
[9] The son of Gat Balaybanui, the second Dumangsil served as bupati for the last two years of his father's reign (and life), trying to solve to the ongoing palace internal conflict between the members of the Haringadlaw clan and the new Chief Minister Ari Jayadewa nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1089?-1169, served 1116-35), the Bugkalot-born noble and leader of the Selurong faction of the Inner Palace circle; an able (and more frequently shrewd) leader, the new Pangulu was able to secure an alliance between Shri/Thi-Vijaya and Tondo-Namayan, thus starting the series of diplomatic ties between the two Southeast Asian mandala states. However, his shrewdness caused a severe blow for the second Dumangsil when he named himself as the King of the restored Selurong Kingdom; a widower himself, he married Dayang Paguy, the chieftain of Binalatongan city-state, the new Seludong greatly expanded its territory to include the whole Kagayang Agnu (OTL: Agno River) basin; in a treaty half-heartedly accepted by the King, Tondo-Namayan annexed the city-states of Lupang Sambal (OTL: Zambales, Bataan and Western Pangasinan), maintaining their self-government in exchange of tribute. Other than that, the second Dumangsil ordered some of his able court historians to go to the every corner of the kingdom to record the folk culture of the common people, thus starting the work that would led to the compilation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[10] The son of Gat Dumangsil anak Balaybanui, he was able to convince Ari Jayadewa to return Seludong to direct rule of the kingdom after the former Chief Minister's death with the help of the latter's eldest son, Chief Minister Harirama nan Dagkan-Pantabangan (1110-1177; served 1135-77), who denounced the actions took by his father in 1135. Upon the death of Ari Jayadewa, the king and his Pangulu made a treaty with Ari Jayadewa´s widow Dayang Pagay, in which the city-states of Kagayang Agnu would receive the status of protectorate from the Kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; trading with Ryukyuans and Song China were allowed and encouraged. The treaty was accepted by the chieftain, not knowing to three of them that the said treaty (Treaty of Binalatongan) could lead to the rise of Kaboloan, a semi-Sincized kingdom in the Lingayen Gulf. He was succeeded by his son Gat Timamakum.
[11] Considered as one of the greatest kings of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Timamakum was an able statesman and wise ruler that he settled the increasingly hostile conflict in the Royal Palace by listening to the arguments of the different factions and making decisions that would be acceptable to everyone. A gifted polyglot himself, he allowed the translation of the laws of the kingdom into different languages outside the core region of Tondo-Namayan kingdom. It was during his reign, the capital Tondo became one of the well-fortified cities in the whole maritime Southeast Asia; an emissary from Shri/Thi-Vijaya wrote that the walls of the capital "were made from stone and was almost impenetable". He was succeeded by his son, Gat Alon.
[12] The son of Gat Timamakum, the reign of Gat Alon as the monarch of Tondo-Namayan was marked by the full incorporation of Kumintang to the kingdom as a result of the marriage of his second son Gat Rawan to Dayang Mayumi, the heiress to the vast lands of the Kumintang; as part of the dowry, Kumintang would retain its autonomy, particularly its government, in exchange of loyalty to the monarchy and paying tribute to the king. In effect, the absorption of Kumintang would eventually expand the influence of Tondo-Namayan, and its power was felt in the mixed Sino-Malay-Mangyan statelets of Pulong Ma-i and Romblon archipelago maritime kingdoms (OTL Marinduque and Romblon). Beside Kumintang, the territory of the kingdom to Lupang Samtuy (OTL: Ilocos provinces) in the north and Bikol in the southeast. Succeeded by his eldest son, Gat Gajasimha.
[13] The eldest son of Gat Alon, Gat Gajasimha's reign was characterized by three significant changes in the territory of the kingdom: First, the increasing Chinese influence, both and indirect (through Japan and Ryukyu), in Kagayang Agnu basin led to the unification of the city-states and the formation of the new nation-state of Kaboloan, led by the Dagkan-Binalatongan family, direct descendants of former Pangulu (Chief Minister) Ari Jayadewa and his wife Dayang Pagay; the subsequent independence of Kaboloan and its claims on Lupang Ibaloy (OTL: La Union and southern Benguet) would led to border skirmishes with Tondo-Namayan that would led into an armed conflict. Second, rivalry with Kingdom of Taytay over influence and control of the whole island of Ma-i lead into a full-scale war that lasted for two years (War of Ma-i, 1261-3) that cost damages in property and dead soldiers; the treaty, meditiated by Majapahit Empire, saw the division of Ma-i into two states: the northern part, the Buhid Confederacy, retained under Tondo-Namayan, while the south remained Ma-i and became a vassal state of Taytay. And finally, the indirect intervention of Ede soldiers, commanded by Tondo-Namayan generals, to defend the Magahats (OTL: Negros Oriental and Siquijor) from both Sugbu and Bugkalot led to the construction of a series of fortifications, complete with garissons and a wall, were built, thus effectively divided the two sides of Pulo Atihan (OTL: Negros Island).
[14] Named after the hero of the Namayan-language adaptation of Ramayana (Gat Rama dan Dayang Sita), Gat Harirama's reign was known for the completion of fortifications in Ma-i and Atihan and the border skirmishes with Kaboloan over the disputed Ibaloy lands. Through the Ede fleet, he led the expedition that evacuated the Butuan Royal Family and remaining nobles, all of whom had estates in Bo-ol (OTL: Bohol), from the revolting Agusan Manobos; the already existing population of mixed Sama-Butuanon origins (OTL Tausugs, but mostly settled in Bohol) helped to the quick reconstruction of the Kingdom of Butuan. On the other hand, it was during his reign that the collection of the folk culture of the kingdom was completed by assigned court historians, leading to the compliation of The Book of the Peoples of the Kingdom (Aklat nan mana Katauhan nan ateng Kaharian). He was succeeded by his son/daughter Dayng Tala.
[15] Daughter of Gat Harirama, Dayang Tala would be the first to receive Nestorian Christian missionaries into her kingdom. She herself would convert to the religion, baptized as Sirin, but would maintain the faiths of her fathers. Already quite old upon succeeding to the throne, she would be succeeded by her grandchild Gat Alon.
[16] The grandson of Dayang Tala, Gat Alon anak Putihan was the son of Datu Putihan nan Talanen, the emissary from Bugkalot Confederacy who married Dayang Sitayumi, the daughter of the Tondo-Namayan queen who died after giving birth to her fifth and last child, a stillborn child. His reign was significant for the history of Christianity in the Philippines as he gave the region of Bulud Kayabaran [OTL Maragondon and southwestern Cavite), where a plurality of the population was Nestorian Christians, self-autonomy and freedom to practice their faith. Incidentally, Nestorian missionaries who at this moment were converting the Subanen-speaking population of the Kingdom of Dapitan came from the said region; they travelled by trading boats from the Ede city-states. Almost simultaneously, he was responsible for the treaty that recognized the independence of the Manobo-dominated Agusan as a separate kingdom. Succeeded by his son Gat Haringlawin.
[17] The short reign of Gat Haringlawin was marked by different events that would change the relationship of Tondo-Namayan with its neighbors: First, its war with Kaboloan cost them the territory of Lupang Ibaloy and damaged properties, beside the loss of hundreds of men in both sides; in effect, the northern part of Luzon saw the emergence of new states such as Samtoy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Tugigaraw and the alliance of Ifugao tribes. Second, the revolt of Ede city-states against corruption and increased inattentiveness of royal power eventually led to the establishment of a separate Ede kingdom led by a minor member of the royal family, Gat Balensula nan Talanen. Added with renewed (and more vicious) internal conflict within the Royal Palace, such events finally cost Gat Haringlawin his sanity; in effect, his younger brother Dumangsil was named bupati in the last seven years of his reign before his suicide (or orchestrated murder, as rumored by the palace maids).
[18] The ascension of Dumangsil was followed shortly after by a baptism, in which he (taking the name Iyohane/John) and his court would firmly convert to Nestorian Christianity. Along with this, the king reformed the traditional Namayan script and began centralizing his kingdom, seeing the weakness of the old ways of the mandala system and the decline of the old kingdoms in the south. By the end of his reign, the kingdom of Dongdu (as it was known to the Chinese) was ready to re-establish its hegemony over Luzon, and beyond. As for Dumangsil Iyohane himself, he passed his throne onto his son Gat Gambang.
[19] The son of Gat Dumangsil (Iyohane) anak Haringlawin, his reign was characterized by the kingdom's renewed interest on geopolitical hegemony over Luzon (and even beyond) by establishing strong military presence in both the northern and southern borders of the kingdom, effective enforcement of the tributary system to neighboring nation-states through able emissaries. Beyond his geopolitical strategies that led to the resurgence of Tondo-Namayan's influence in both Luzon and Visayas, he was an enlightened ruler who continued the established royal traditions like the Ploughing Ceremony and Barge Procession; despite being a Nestorian Christian like the plurality of the population of the kingdom at this moment, he honored the ancestor worship and participated in important Hindu-Buddhist ceremonies, a reflection of the religious coexistence in the kingdom. In fact, it was said that Nestorian Christianity as practiced in the kingdom was thoroughly syncretized (influenced by pre-Hispanic Philippine folk religions/animism, Hinduism, Buddhism and increasingly Taoism) that its doctrine was remotely removed from what usually known about this sect. Because of the centralization of the kingdom started by his father, an examination system was introduced for the recently-established civil service. Succeeded by his son Haringlawin Toma.
[20] Upon ascending the throne, Haringlawin, having been born into the Nestorian faith, sought to learn more and bring the realm in line with the orthodoxy of Christianity. To this effect, Gat Toma (as he was baptized) gathered the clergy and began debates between them and the pagans, slowly but surely putting in more Christian influence in the region. It was into this situation that the first Europeans started making reports of the region, and Niccolo de Conti's accounts include a supposed first-hand account of the kingdom of Prester John being in the islands of the farthest east, and of his grandson Thomas combating the paganism surrounding him. When not bringing his lands further into the light of Christ, Gat Haringlawin was busy expanding the kingdom of Dongdu, which by the end of his reign dominated much of OTL Luzon and the Visayas, and had begun fighting against the Muslims of the south who were preying on the declining fortunes of the Srivijaya and Majapahit. Already old and celibate upon his ascension, he passed on the crown to Dayang Langit, his niece.
[21] The daughter of Gat Bulinaw, the younger brother of King Gat Haringlawin (Toma) anak Gambang, Dayang Langit was the kingdom's fourth female monarch. Already married to Ede prince Gat Lontok, the only son of King Gat Bangkaya, she ultimately brought the permanent union of the Lupang Ede with the rest of Tondo-Namayan kingdom, and indeed, the union of the two direct descendants of the ruling branch of Haringadlaw clan. In fact, the queen used the famed Ede symbol Binulawang Salakut (Golden Salakot) in her enthronement and subsequent coronation; since then, notwithstanding some modifications over the years, the salakot became part of the Royal Regalia of the Tondo-Namayan monarchs, alongside the Golden Sword (Namayan: Binulawang Tabak). It was during her reign that the Namayan-language literature flourished for the second time, and this time, its influence was spread to other languages throughout the kingdom (e.g. Kapampangan, Kumintang, Bugkalot); in effect, their respective literatures experienced their first Golden Age. As this moment, firearms (through cannons) were first introduced as part of the defences of the capital Tondo and other major cities across the country. Before her death, she decreed the creation of the new ruling clan of Tondo-Namayan, Tagean-Talanen; it was the clan name that her son Gambang inherited when she died.
[22] First monarch of the Tagean-Talanen dynasty, Gambang Iliya (Elijah) continued his parents' work, and continued the conversion of the land to the increasingly dominant faith of Christianity, gathering scholars to translate the Bible into the Namayan tongue. In this time, the many explorers under the patronage of the Vimaranes-Tusculani dynasty of Castile-Galicia were astounded by the Christian kingdom of Tondo that had prospered in the middle of pagans and Muslims, believing the land was the fabled kingdom of Prester John. That an ancestor of the clan was named John only added to the mystique. In any case, Iliya was also a warrior king fighting the rise of the sultanates. He died in battle against Sultan Bolkiah after dealing him a fatal blow and was succeeded by his still underaged child Ache, his younger brother Gat Bo-Usil designated regent for the child.
[23] The eldest child of the slain monarch Gat Gambang II, he was eleven years of age when he inherited the throne; because of his minority of age, his uncle the Chief Minister Gat Bo-usil anak Lontok nan Tagean-Talanen was designated as regent (bupati) until he reached the right age to formally took the throne (age 21). It was during this era that the kingdom became a vassal state of Bruneian Empire after a treaty was signed between Sultan Bolkiah and the Pangulu/Bupati in 1519, in which Brunei would retain the independence of the kingdom in exchange of paying a tribute to the Bruneian Sultan and his descendants. In consequence, a new faction entered the inner royal circle of Tondo-Namayan royal palace complex: the Bruneian faction, led by Rahman Ali Bolkiah, a direct relative of the Bruneian royal family, who married a Tondo-Namayan aristocrat. As of this moment, two events marked the future of the whole kingdom: the expedition sent by the recently-unified Spain (or Castile-Galicia-Aragon-Navarre under the new Vimaranes-Tusculani-Trastamara dynasty) led by Fernando de Magallanes; although it ended with the explorer's death, it signalled the beginning of the end of the kingdom, and the final assault of the Manobo-led Agusan Kingdom on the Surigao, which led to the evacuation of almost all of its population to Lupang Maasen (OTL: Southern Leyte). Nevertheless, Gat Ache survived the upheavals, both local and internal, in his long reign; he was succeeded by his son/daughter ___________.
Shahanshahs of Persia
1501 - 1546: Ismail I (Safavid Dynasty) [1]
1546 - 1583: Husayn I (Safavid Dynasty) [2]
1583 - 1604: Abbas (Safavid Dynasty) [3]
1604 - 1646: Ismail II (Safavid Dynasty) [4]
1646 - 1688: Husayn II (Safavid Dynasty) [5]
1688 - 1706: Ali (Safavid Dynasty) [6]
1706 - 1733: Abbas II (Safavid Dynasty) [7]
[1] The Battle of Chaldiran ends more as a stalemate than a crushing defeat for the resurgent Persian forces against Selim I of the Ottomans. Because of this, Ismail I continues to remain active in ruling his self-made Empire, began to forge a unified Iranian identity that transcended tribalism, spread Twelver Shi'a Islam, and lived to a much more ripe age of 58.
[2] Husayn, son of Ismail, continues his father's policies, continuing an alliance with the Habsburgs and starting maritime expeditions to the east, spreading Shi'a Islam to the East Indies.
[3] Abbas himself was somewhat of a sailor, brought about by his father giving him authority over Persia's burgeoning naval fleet when he was a younger man. He would notably use his knowledge to good effect, bringing Arabia's eastern coast up to where the Omanis were able to resist under his thrall, much to both the chagrin and happiness of the population, long being majority Shi'a, if not exactly all twelver. Alongside this, he would actively visit both the Aceh Sultanate, his father's most successful convert, and even visit the Hapsburg court himself to see what his father saw in the dhimmis, which created some interest in Europe due to the amazing rugs and spices he made sure to bring.
[4] Ismail II's reign was one of relative peace in the Persian Empire: dealing mainly with the reformation of the state administration, erecting universities and hospitals, and investing in the resettlement of loyal Azeri and Iranians into the peripheries of the empire, particularly in Central Asia and the Arabian Gulf Coast. The lack of hostilities with the Ottoman Empire was mostly due to Ismail's marrying the daughter of the ruling Ottoman Sultan.
[5] The son of Husayn II and Maryam Sultan, one of the daughters of the Ottoman Sultan, his reign was characterized by the harmonious relationship between the two nations; it was during this period that movable-type printing was introduced to the country, although it was limited to pamphlets and printing of popular literature; Quran and other books of higher culture has always been reserved to traditional bookmakers. It was noted during the forty-two-year reign of the Shah that the rebellious Janissaries and peasant revolt leaders (accompanied bv their followers), was transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Persia, particularly in Central Asia, strictly monitored by the Azeri commandos and bureaucracy; the location of their enforced exile was the land between the eastern shores of Caspian Sea and the whole Aral Sea.
[6] A continuing air of reform and peace continues throughout the Persian Court. Unlike their more unstable allies, they haven't really seen much of an issue since the reign of Abbas, who was the last Shahanshah who needed to mount for combat, mainly regarding the subjugation of a particularly violent Arabian revolt near the end of his reign. Ali's main contribution was organizing funding for a set of enterprising merchants and Azeri tribesmen along with some Janissary descendants who sought either freedom or better plunder and wealth. They would set out to establish trading posts and eventually very small colonies in the Indonesian Archipelago, namely establishing trading colonies on Simeulue, which was leased by the Sultan of Aceh and later on a few small city sized colonies in Borneo's southern reaches. This burgeoning colonial venture's eyes were set on the Moluccas by the end of Ali's reign due to their spices, which led to a burgeoning conflict with the Dutch and the Portuguese, who sought the same benefits.
[7] Abbas II was well-known among the Iranian linguists and historian as the man who thoroughly reformed the Persian language by improving the Perso-Arabic script and developing a distinct vocabulary derived from three sources: Old Persian, Middle Persian and neighboring Iranian languages. The monarch, a well-known expert on mirror writing, thought that the revised (read: mirror-written and phonemic-based) Perso-Arabic script could be easier to write and write among the lower and middle classes within his kingdom, so he decreed that his version of the script the co-official writing system across the country, particularly in popular/secular literature, trade and government bureaucracy; in order to placate the feelings of the Muslim clerics, he assured that their version of Persian would be still be used across Iran, thus established a diglossia that would last until the 20th century. In addition, he was credited on introducing Western sciences to the country by personally translating them into what then called "secular Persian".