List of Alternate Presidents and PMs II
- Thread starter Asami
- Start date
- Status
Kaiser_Wilhelm - Kinder, Gentler Nation Continued
Rosa Luxemburg
Banned
Kinder, Gentler Nation Continued
George H.W. Bush | Dan Quayle (1989-1997)
Ann Richards | Bill Bradley (1997-2002)
Ann Richards | Chris Dodd (2002-2005)
John Kasich | Connie Mack III (2005-2013)
Tim Kaine | Janet Napolitano (2013-2021)
(Note: The last president is my own prediction, and is not a spoiler for what is to come in the timeline.)
George H.W. Bush | Dan Quayle (1989-1997)
Ann Richards | Bill Bradley (1997-2002)
Ann Richards | Chris Dodd (2002-2005)
John Kasich | Connie Mack III (2005-2013)
Tim Kaine | Janet Napolitano (2013-2021)
(Note: The last president is my own prediction, and is not a spoiler for what is to come in the timeline.)
shiftygiant - He Is A Legend (Inspired by Meadow)
shiftygiant
Gone Fishin'
He Is A Legend
Inspired by that Timeline which Meadow did.
Will finish footnotes.
1997-2007: Tony Blair (Labour)
def. 1997: John Major (Conservative), Paddy Ashdown (Liberal Democrats)
def. 2001: William Hague (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrats)
def. 2005: Michael Howard (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrats)
2007-2008: Gordon Brown (Labour) [2]
2008-2010: Ken Livingstone (Labour) [1] [3]
2010-20xx: David Willetts (Conservative) [4]
def. 2010: Ken Livingstone (Labour), Chris Huhne (Liberal Democrats)
1. Ken Livingstone's defeat in the 2004 London Mayoral Election remains perhaps one of the greatest political upsets in modern British political history. It's unclear exactly how Steven Norris won, but at the end of the day, he had trumped the Cities 'unique' Mayor. Livingstone vowed that he would fight another day- many expected this meant he would run in 2008. But he had other plans, and turned his attention to his old seat of Brent East, which the big yellow machine had painted yellow, and using his influence was able to get selected for the seat. It would be one of the surprise gains of the night, Livingstone easily overturning the 5.4 majority. He was back in Parliament, and was once more on the Government benches. Sitting with the Socialist Campaign Group, there was some question as to what he was planning- at first, it was believed that he would challenge Brown for the Leadership once Blair stepped down. But when Blair stepped down and Brown stepped up, he didn't make much noise, beyond vague support for John McDonnell and 'widening the debate'. Then, rumoured that Livingstone was going to not run for the London Mayorship, which Livingstone was quick to confirm. Suddenly, the words on many lips quickly became "what's he doing?" And soon enough, they'd have an answer.
2. It would turn out he was biding his time and waiting for a real crisis. Gordon Brown was not the most popular man in the world. The Big Clunking Fist knew this, and always watched himself, and in 2007 was anxious of being challenged by the parties left. Of course, he was not opposed to the competition, wanting to avoid his succession being seen as little more than a coronation, but when John McDonnell's challenge fizzled out, that's what it became. Initially buoyed by a high opinion polling, following his decision to avoid an election, it quickly came tumbling down, with many accusing Brown of 'loosing focus'. This came to head in 2008, when Labour lost Glasgow East. Some would come out against Brown. The whip was forced to resign when she called for a contest. An emerge was quick to... emerge, David Miliband. Young, handsome, and the Foreign Secretary, he opened a wound and bought Brown to the table, who announced his intention to not run against Miliband a few days before nomination closed. Brown would later state that he resigned not because he knew he would lose (if anything, internal polling was showing he had a good chance of winning), but because he was tired, and the rebellion opened his eyes. Immediately there was scramble; Ken Livingstone had his opening. Stepping up, he got his nomination. Facing off against David Miliband and Ed Balls, for the former Mayor hope lay in the Unions and Membership.
And hope would deliver by less than a percentage point.
3. Red Ken was swept into office on a malaise. There was a great swell of unknowing in the British conscious; the most left-wing man to ever walk into Downing Street, an outspoken and unashamed figure who was used to the Blairlike Presidential style of power and was seemingly obsessed with transport, his time in office was mercifully short at two years, but then again two years is a very long time in politics.
There was surprisingly little disruption in the cabinet- some resgined on principle, whilst others who stayed found themselves demoted, promoted, or sent to the backbench. A notable hold over was Alistair Darling, which surprised some. Other prominent appointments included Diane Abbot, who was given Home, Michael Meacher, who went back to Environment, and Jeremy Corbyn, who was given International Development, Gerald Kaufman Culture. John McDonnell was sent to the Treasury, with some controversy due to his relationship with the IRA.
4.
Inspired by that Timeline which Meadow did.
Will finish footnotes.
1997-2007: Tony Blair (Labour)
def. 1997: John Major (Conservative), Paddy Ashdown (Liberal Democrats)
def. 2001: William Hague (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrats)
def. 2005: Michael Howard (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrats)
2007-2008: Gordon Brown (Labour) [2]
2008-2010: Ken Livingstone (Labour) [1] [3]
2010-20xx: David Willetts (Conservative) [4]
def. 2010: Ken Livingstone (Labour), Chris Huhne (Liberal Democrats)
1. Ken Livingstone's defeat in the 2004 London Mayoral Election remains perhaps one of the greatest political upsets in modern British political history. It's unclear exactly how Steven Norris won, but at the end of the day, he had trumped the Cities 'unique' Mayor. Livingstone vowed that he would fight another day- many expected this meant he would run in 2008. But he had other plans, and turned his attention to his old seat of Brent East, which the big yellow machine had painted yellow, and using his influence was able to get selected for the seat. It would be one of the surprise gains of the night, Livingstone easily overturning the 5.4 majority. He was back in Parliament, and was once more on the Government benches. Sitting with the Socialist Campaign Group, there was some question as to what he was planning- at first, it was believed that he would challenge Brown for the Leadership once Blair stepped down. But when Blair stepped down and Brown stepped up, he didn't make much noise, beyond vague support for John McDonnell and 'widening the debate'. Then, rumoured that Livingstone was going to not run for the London Mayorship, which Livingstone was quick to confirm. Suddenly, the words on many lips quickly became "what's he doing?" And soon enough, they'd have an answer.
2. It would turn out he was biding his time and waiting for a real crisis. Gordon Brown was not the most popular man in the world. The Big Clunking Fist knew this, and always watched himself, and in 2007 was anxious of being challenged by the parties left. Of course, he was not opposed to the competition, wanting to avoid his succession being seen as little more than a coronation, but when John McDonnell's challenge fizzled out, that's what it became. Initially buoyed by a high opinion polling, following his decision to avoid an election, it quickly came tumbling down, with many accusing Brown of 'loosing focus'. This came to head in 2008, when Labour lost Glasgow East. Some would come out against Brown. The whip was forced to resign when she called for a contest. An emerge was quick to... emerge, David Miliband. Young, handsome, and the Foreign Secretary, he opened a wound and bought Brown to the table, who announced his intention to not run against Miliband a few days before nomination closed. Brown would later state that he resigned not because he knew he would lose (if anything, internal polling was showing he had a good chance of winning), but because he was tired, and the rebellion opened his eyes. Immediately there was scramble; Ken Livingstone had his opening. Stepping up, he got his nomination. Facing off against David Miliband and Ed Balls, for the former Mayor hope lay in the Unions and Membership.
And hope would deliver by less than a percentage point.
3. Red Ken was swept into office on a malaise. There was a great swell of unknowing in the British conscious; the most left-wing man to ever walk into Downing Street, an outspoken and unashamed figure who was used to the Blairlike Presidential style of power and was seemingly obsessed with transport, his time in office was mercifully short at two years, but then again two years is a very long time in politics.
There was surprisingly little disruption in the cabinet- some resgined on principle, whilst others who stayed found themselves demoted, promoted, or sent to the backbench. A notable hold over was Alistair Darling, which surprised some. Other prominent appointments included Diane Abbot, who was given Home, Michael Meacher, who went back to Environment, and Jeremy Corbyn, who was given International Development, Gerald Kaufman Culture. John McDonnell was sent to the Treasury, with some controversy due to his relationship with the IRA.
4.
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loneranger - Upwards and Onwards
Upwards and Onwards
1988-1992: George HW Bush / Dan Quayle [1]
def. Sen. Gary Hart / Gov. Michael Dukakis
1992-2000: Sen. Patricia Schroeder / Gov. Bill Clinton [2]
1992 def. Pres. George HW Bush / VP Dan Quayle
1996 def. Sen. Bob Dole / Rep. Jack Kemp
2000-2008: Colin Powell / Gov. John Bush [3]
2000 def. VP Bill Clinton / Sen. Joe Biden
2004 def. Sen. John Kerry / Sen. John Edwards
[1] Gary Hart avoids his scandal and his campaign chair Patricia Schroeder runs for his old Senate seat. Hart loses the election.
[2] Schroeder wins a packed primary, picking Bill Clinton who was a prominent foe. Clinton hops aboard because his home state is turning red fast and his political future lies in national level offices so he agrees to be Vice President.
[3] Clinton runs for President following Schroeder's term but loses to the popular Colin Powell and his VP Jeb Bush who has been Florida Governor since '94 (that same year his brother George W Bush lost a race for the Texas Governorship).
1988-1992: George HW Bush / Dan Quayle [1]
def. Sen. Gary Hart / Gov. Michael Dukakis
1992-2000: Sen. Patricia Schroeder / Gov. Bill Clinton [2]
1992 def. Pres. George HW Bush / VP Dan Quayle
1996 def. Sen. Bob Dole / Rep. Jack Kemp
2000-2008: Colin Powell / Gov. John Bush [3]
2000 def. VP Bill Clinton / Sen. Joe Biden
2004 def. Sen. John Kerry / Sen. John Edwards
[1] Gary Hart avoids his scandal and his campaign chair Patricia Schroeder runs for his old Senate seat. Hart loses the election.
[2] Schroeder wins a packed primary, picking Bill Clinton who was a prominent foe. Clinton hops aboard because his home state is turning red fast and his political future lies in national level offices so he agrees to be Vice President.
[3] Clinton runs for President following Schroeder's term but loses to the popular Colin Powell and his VP Jeb Bush who has been Florida Governor since '94 (that same year his brother George W Bush lost a race for the Texas Governorship).
Mr. E - There You Go Again : (Or Yes, Some of these are a stretch, just go with it)
There You Go Again : (Or Yes, Some of these are a stretch, just go with it)
1981-: Ronald Reagan/ George HW Bush (Republican)[1]
1980 Def. Jimmy Carter/ Walter Mondale (Democratic)
1981-:George HW Bush/ VACANT
1981-1989: George HW Bush/ James L. Buckley
1984 def. Ted Kennedy/ Charles M. Manatt(Democratic)
1989-1993: Walter Mondale/ Leonard Ray Blanton (Democratic)
1988 def. James L. Buckley/Warren Rudman, Jesse Helms/ Oliver North (American Family)[2]
1992 def. Richard Lugar/ John Danforth
1993-: Walter Mondale/ VACANT[3]
1993-1994: Walter Mondale/ Jim Wright
1994-: Jim Wright/ VACANT
1994-1997: Jim Wright/Michael Dukakis[4]
1997-2001: Carroll Campbell/ Dan Quayle [5]
1996 def. Jim Wright/ Joe Biden
2001-2009: Warren Beatty/ Bill Clinton[6]
2000 def. Carroll Campbell / Dan Quayle
2004 def Dan Quayle/ Elizabeth Dole
2009-2013: Bill Clinton/ Harry Reid[7]
2008 def. Bob Riley/ John McCain
2013-2021: John Huntsmen/ Bill Frist
2012 def. Bill Clinton/ Harry Reid, Jeff Bezos/ Wesley Clark (Freedom)[8]
2016 def. Joe Biden/ Keith Ellison
2021-2029: Hillary Clinton/ Alan Grayson [9]
2020 def. Bill Frist/ Gary Johnson
2024 def Cory Gardner/ Tom Cotton
2029-2037: Tim Scott/ Marco Rubio[10]
2028 def Tom Udall /Jill Stein
2032 def Mo Cowan/ Jared Polis
2037-: Mark Zuckerberg/ Julian Castro
2036 def Mia Love/ Daniel Win
[1] George HW Bush, despite being more moderate relative to the deceased Ronald Reagan, was able to continue of his policies, creating a solid conservative administration, with cuts to taxes and spending. However, he was undone by the Iran-Contra scandal , and after major protests grew across the nation, and many in his administration resigned, or were persecuted, he announced he will not run for a second term in 1988.
[2] Former Vice-President Walter Mondale was able to win, possibly because the conservative opposition was split between mainstream Republican candidate, Vice President James Buckley, and arch conservative Jesse Helms, who ran an independent campaign with Oliver North (who had narrowly escaped persecution for Iran Contra). He presided over the fall of the Eastern Bloc, and managed to seek detente with the USSR (by then, having lost Ukraine and the Baltic States). He was also able to reach a peace in Nicaragua, and restore some solid progressive policies (including increased spending)
[3] Despite winning 1992, Blanton resigned after criminal allegations arose over activities following his governorship in the late 70's (namely, selling pardons and liquor licenses. [OTL, he was persecuted for this a decade earlier.]
[4] President Mondale was killed by Islamic extremist Ramzi Yousef, while visiting Egypt. Jim Wright, previously the House Majority Leader, ascended to the Presidency. However, his botched attempt to find Yousef, as well as scandals arising over his financial dealings, began to tar his presidency
[5] With solid conservative credentials, and a campaign focusing on his outsider status and Wright's improprieties, Carroll Campbell won out over the incumbent. However, the economy dipped during his administration, and after a terrorist attack on a US battleship in Pakistan, a ill-conceived invasion of Taliban held Afganistan lead to his popularity dipping. Not helped was his increasingly aloof and confused image.
[6] Actor Warren Beatty won the California governorship in 1986, and went on to become a major figurehead for the progressive faction of the Democratic Party. After attempting to mount a leftist challenge to President Wright in 1996, he was able to win both the nomination and the Presidency, by promising an peaceful end to the invasion of Afghanistan, and a revival of Great Society policies. Sure enough, he would preside over a progressive administration, who would restore major social spending (with taxation), and see new progress in women's, LGBT, and African American's rights. Despite conflict with conservatives, he won a near landslide against former Vice President Dan Quayle (who won only his home state of Indiana).
[7] The more moderate Vice President Clinton, while using Beatty's popularity to win the presidency, ultimately failed to live up to Beatty's example, with his attempts to balance conservative and liberal views failing to gain any traction.
[8] Amazon founder and tech mogul Jeff Bezos launched an independent campaign to challenge the hegemony of the two party system. His campaign, to the left of Bill Clinton's, is believed to have allowed Utah Governor Jon Huntsmen to achieve victory. Huntsmen's administration involved a return to conservative values, though to attract more moderate Beatty supporters, he did retain a lot of the social infrastructure and policies enacted under that administration. Still, his ability to compromise (especially with a more left-wing Democratic Party) earned him the respect of many.
[9] The first woman president and the oldest ever elected, Clinton however, came into power in poor circumstances, due to a controversial recount in Ohio, where the Supreme Court granted Clinton the election. She began to up the effort against terrorism, after several Islamic terrorists bombed the Mall of America in Minneapolis. This effort had mixed results among the public, and many began to criticize her. Not helping was a bungled government response to severe Oklahoma tornadoes, and an economic downturn in her second term.
[10] The first African American President, Cowan was able to resolve the crisis, (though the economy still stalled under his administration), and began to tone down the war on terror. Still, a restetive Democratic Party had major issues with the even moderate conservative policies enacted under the administration.
[11] Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, while considered a non-entity in the primaries, rose through using his relative success in business and his solid progressive views to win the nomination and the Presidency, over Republican veteran Mia Love.
1981-: Ronald Reagan/ George HW Bush (Republican)[1]
1980 Def. Jimmy Carter/ Walter Mondale (Democratic)
1981-:George HW Bush/ VACANT
1981-1989: George HW Bush/ James L. Buckley
1984 def. Ted Kennedy/ Charles M. Manatt(Democratic)
1989-1993: Walter Mondale/ Leonard Ray Blanton (Democratic)
1988 def. James L. Buckley/Warren Rudman, Jesse Helms/ Oliver North (American Family)[2]
1992 def. Richard Lugar/ John Danforth
1993-: Walter Mondale/ VACANT[3]
1993-1994: Walter Mondale/ Jim Wright
1994-: Jim Wright/ VACANT
1994-1997: Jim Wright/Michael Dukakis[4]
1997-2001: Carroll Campbell/ Dan Quayle [5]
1996 def. Jim Wright/ Joe Biden
2001-2009: Warren Beatty/ Bill Clinton[6]
2000 def. Carroll Campbell / Dan Quayle
2004 def Dan Quayle/ Elizabeth Dole
2009-2013: Bill Clinton/ Harry Reid[7]
2008 def. Bob Riley/ John McCain
2013-2021: John Huntsmen/ Bill Frist
2012 def. Bill Clinton/ Harry Reid, Jeff Bezos/ Wesley Clark (Freedom)[8]
2016 def. Joe Biden/ Keith Ellison
2021-2029: Hillary Clinton/ Alan Grayson [9]
2020 def. Bill Frist/ Gary Johnson
2024 def Cory Gardner/ Tom Cotton
2029-2037: Tim Scott/ Marco Rubio[10]
2028 def Tom Udall /Jill Stein
2032 def Mo Cowan/ Jared Polis
2037-: Mark Zuckerberg/ Julian Castro
2036 def Mia Love/ Daniel Win
[1] George HW Bush, despite being more moderate relative to the deceased Ronald Reagan, was able to continue of his policies, creating a solid conservative administration, with cuts to taxes and spending. However, he was undone by the Iran-Contra scandal , and after major protests grew across the nation, and many in his administration resigned, or were persecuted, he announced he will not run for a second term in 1988.
[2] Former Vice-President Walter Mondale was able to win, possibly because the conservative opposition was split between mainstream Republican candidate, Vice President James Buckley, and arch conservative Jesse Helms, who ran an independent campaign with Oliver North (who had narrowly escaped persecution for Iran Contra). He presided over the fall of the Eastern Bloc, and managed to seek detente with the USSR (by then, having lost Ukraine and the Baltic States). He was also able to reach a peace in Nicaragua, and restore some solid progressive policies (including increased spending)
[3] Despite winning 1992, Blanton resigned after criminal allegations arose over activities following his governorship in the late 70's (namely, selling pardons and liquor licenses. [OTL, he was persecuted for this a decade earlier.]
[4] President Mondale was killed by Islamic extremist Ramzi Yousef, while visiting Egypt. Jim Wright, previously the House Majority Leader, ascended to the Presidency. However, his botched attempt to find Yousef, as well as scandals arising over his financial dealings, began to tar his presidency
[5] With solid conservative credentials, and a campaign focusing on his outsider status and Wright's improprieties, Carroll Campbell won out over the incumbent. However, the economy dipped during his administration, and after a terrorist attack on a US battleship in Pakistan, a ill-conceived invasion of Taliban held Afganistan lead to his popularity dipping. Not helped was his increasingly aloof and confused image.
[6] Actor Warren Beatty won the California governorship in 1986, and went on to become a major figurehead for the progressive faction of the Democratic Party. After attempting to mount a leftist challenge to President Wright in 1996, he was able to win both the nomination and the Presidency, by promising an peaceful end to the invasion of Afghanistan, and a revival of Great Society policies. Sure enough, he would preside over a progressive administration, who would restore major social spending (with taxation), and see new progress in women's, LGBT, and African American's rights. Despite conflict with conservatives, he won a near landslide against former Vice President Dan Quayle (who won only his home state of Indiana).
[7] The more moderate Vice President Clinton, while using Beatty's popularity to win the presidency, ultimately failed to live up to Beatty's example, with his attempts to balance conservative and liberal views failing to gain any traction.
[8] Amazon founder and tech mogul Jeff Bezos launched an independent campaign to challenge the hegemony of the two party system. His campaign, to the left of Bill Clinton's, is believed to have allowed Utah Governor Jon Huntsmen to achieve victory. Huntsmen's administration involved a return to conservative values, though to attract more moderate Beatty supporters, he did retain a lot of the social infrastructure and policies enacted under that administration. Still, his ability to compromise (especially with a more left-wing Democratic Party) earned him the respect of many.
[9] The first woman president and the oldest ever elected, Clinton however, came into power in poor circumstances, due to a controversial recount in Ohio, where the Supreme Court granted Clinton the election. She began to up the effort against terrorism, after several Islamic terrorists bombed the Mall of America in Minneapolis. This effort had mixed results among the public, and many began to criticize her. Not helping was a bungled government response to severe Oklahoma tornadoes, and an economic downturn in her second term.
[10] The first African American President, Cowan was able to resolve the crisis, (though the economy still stalled under his administration), and began to tone down the war on terror. Still, a restetive Democratic Party had major issues with the even moderate conservative policies enacted under the administration.
[11] Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, while considered a non-entity in the primaries, rose through using his relative success in business and his solid progressive views to win the nomination and the Presidency, over Republican veteran Mia Love.
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Cevolian - 'After the War'
AFTER THE WAR;
Pro patria mori...
Pro patria mori...
HEADS OF GOVERNMENT;
Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom (1800-1919) ;
1917-1919: David Lloyd-George (Wartime National Government with Conservatives, Coalition Liberals and National Labour/NDLP)
Chairmen of the Provisional Government of Great Britain (1919-1923) ;
1919-1923: William Wedgewood-Benn ("Peace" Progressive)
1919: (Provisional National Government with Labour, "Peace" Progressives and Liberals, "Peace" Conservatives, and Communists) Def: William Adamson (Labour), [various "Peace Conservatives"], Richard Verney (National), Andrew Bonar-Law ("War" Conservative), George Nicoll Barnes (National Labour/NDLP), Albert Inkpin (Communist), Horatio Bottomley (Patriot), David Lloyd-George ("War" Liberal)
1923-1923: William Adamson (Revolutionary Vanguard with Sinn Fein and Communists, supported by The British Red Army and Trade Union Delegates)
Prime Minister of Great Britain (1923-1937) ;
1923-1925: Ramsay MacDonald (Democratic Labour)
1923: (Minority with Progressive and Communist Confidence and Supply) Def: Austen Chamberlain ("Reform" Conservatives), Richard Verney (National), William Wedgewood-Benn (Progressive), Herbert Gladstone ("Peace" Liberal), Albert Inkpin (Communist), George Nicoll Barnes (National Labour), Horatio Bottomley (Patriot), David Lloyd-George (Centre)
1925-1933: Austen Chamberlain (Reform)
1925: (Coalition with National, Liberals and Unionists) Def: Ramsay MacDonald (Democratic Labour), Henry Page-Croft (National), William Wedgewood-Benn (Progressive), [various "Revolutionary Labour"], Herbert Gladstone (Liberal), Albert Inkpin (Communist), Edward Carson (Unionist), Robert Baltchford (National Labour), Horatio Bottomley (Patriotic People's)
1929: (Coalition with National, Unionists and Liberals) Def: Ramsay MacDonald (Democratic Labour), Richard Cooper (National), Harry Pollit (Communist), Robert Blatchford (National Worker's/Patriotic People's), Christopher Addison (Progressive), Fenner Brockway (Socialist Labour), Edward Carson (Unionist), John Simon (Liberal)
1933-1934: Ernest Bevin (Democratic Labour)
1933: (Minority with CPGB, Progressive and Socialist Labour Confidence and Supply) Def: George Curzon (National), Oswald Mosley (National Workers' Movement), Austen Chamberlain (Reform), Harry Politt (CPGB), Christopher Addison (Progressive), Edward Carson (Unionist), James Martin (Socialist Labour), Leslie Hore-Belisha (Liberal)
1934-1937: George Curzon (National-Reform-"Right" Progressive-Unionist Grand Coalition with NWM Confidence and Supply)
1937 Election (Results Ignored): (Democratic Labour-CPGB-Socialist Labour-Social Progressive Coalition) Def: Oswald Mosley (NWM), Stafford Cripps (Democratic Labour), George Curzon (National), Harry Pollit (CPGB), James Maxton (Socialist Labour), Thomas Inskip (Reform), Disputed (Unionist), [various "Social Progressives"], Christopher Addison ("Official" Progressive), [various "Right Progressives"]
Prime Minister of the British State (1937-Present) ;
1937-19---: Oswald Mosley (National Workers' Movement)
Another attempt at combining the trends in a couple of nation's politics and applying them to Britain - in this case it's the "losers" of the First World War (and Italy). What happens is that the USA never joins, leading to a pyhrric Central Powers victory as British casualties mount and a revolution overthrows Lloyd-George. A brief provisional government tries to hold things together in the transition to a republic, but is overthrown by Communist partisans. The army eventually mutinies and returns home when the revolutionary government tries to take Britain back to war to help the Spartacists in Germany and Haig overthrows Adamson and his revolutionaries. The monarchy is restored, but the monarch never actually returns home form Canada, wary of how things are shaping up in Britain. A weak regency period ensues, dominated by a mixture of soft Social Democrats and "Reformist" former Conservatives (the Progressives having rendered to the history books by Benn's total failure to stop the socialists).
War in Ireland topples the first MacDonald government, and then we have eight relatively harmonious years under a centre right Government which utterly collapses (killing Reform) over the occupation of Jersey by Germany after Britain failed to make reparation payments. Democrtaic Labour returns, only to be toppled over differences on how to handle a general strike. With Democrtaic Labour increasingly radicalised, the right wing of the Progresisves break away to avoid allowing another revolution, but Curzon's rightist coalition loses the next election - with the thread of a radicalised coalition led by Stafford Cripps, former left wing journalist and MP Oswald Mosley and his supporters to the Lord Regent and offers to form a government and crackdown on dissent with his working class right wing movement, or allow the socialists in. So begins an uneasy period under far-right corporatism...
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"Matt knew it was against his couscous to kill the man, but he quinoa resist."
An modified/expanded version of a previous post (this isn't as ASB as some lists going around, but it's still based more on what would be interesting than what would be plausible, so it's probably full of holes):
EDIT: I realized that it's probably a bit too long, so I put it under a spoiler so it won't take up so much space.
U.S. Presidents since 1960
1961-1965: Richard Nixon / Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican)
def. 1960 John F. Kennedy / Lyndon B. Johnson (Democrat)
Nixon faced a tougher than expected challenge from the Democrats, but ultimately came out on top. The most important accomplishment of his presidency was the passage of the Civil Rights Act, which was described as both revolutionary by its supporters, but dangerously radical to its detractors on the right and far too modest to its detractors on the left. However, many still remembered the failure of the Bay of Pigs, and more still simply found Nixon untrustworthy and unlikable, putting him in a precarious situation in 1964.
1965-1969: John F. Kennedy / Hubert Humphrey (D)
def. 1964 Richard Nixon / Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R) and George Wallace / Ezra Taft Benson (American)
Despite his previous defeat, Senator Jack Kennedy managed to shockingly clench the Democratic nomination a second time, choosing Minnesota senator Hubert Humphrey as his running mate. This was seen as a massive slight by Southern Democrats, who, lead by Alabama senator George Wallace, formed the pro-segregation American Party. Nonetheless, Kennedy managed to come on top in the ensuing election, something that was greatly helped by an unconfirmed leak alleging that the Nixon campaign was using covert methods to undermine its opponents. The presidency was not easy on Kennedy, however; the faltering economy that had also in part led to his victory over Nixon continued, as did tensions with the communist regime in North Vietnam. This led to the controversial decision to send American troops into Vietnam, outraging the left. Kennedy expected that he might face a challenge from the left in 1968, but considering his administration's efforts in expanding Nixon's civil rights legacy, he was very surprised by where it came from.
1969-1977: Nelson Rockefeller / William Scranton (R)
def. 1968 John F. Kennedy / Hubert Humphrey (D), George Wallace / J. Edgar Hoover (A), and Martin Luther King Jr. / Benjamin Spock (Peoples)[1]
def. 1972 Hubert Humphrey / Robert F. Kennedy (D) and Eugene McCarthy / Gore Vidal (P)
In 1968, liberal-to-moderate Republican Nelson Rockefeller won the nomination and created a bit of a stir among the conservatives by choosing fellow moderate William Scranton as his running mate, trying to create a ticket that will draw in dissatisfied Democrats. Meanwhile, George Wallace decided to carry the American Party's banner one more time, seeing the other candidate's hostility towards "Southern interests." His repeat candidacy was not taken seriously at first, but it gained much attention when he announced his running mate: (in)famous FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, who, dissatisfied with the other candidates stances and with the subversiveness inherent in the rising American counterculture, decided to join Wallace for the ultimate law-and-order ticket. Hoover's decision to join Wallace was likely influenced by the reluctant entry of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. into the race as a left-wing pro-peace candidate. Kennedy, faced with a near-identical situation to President Truman in 1948, tried to pull of a similar upset. However, while Wallace failed to meet his 1964 performance, becoming the American Party's last major candidate, and King ultimate failed to galvanize liberals and African-Americans as much as he had hoped, the papers reading "Rockefeller defeats Kennedy" were in fact true. A stressed and exhausted Kennedy, suffering from Addison's disease, later died the year he left office. Rockefeller's first term saw economic prosperity, but also an increase in tensions with Vietnam. Under the staunch anticommunist, tensions with the Soviets were at an all time high. Nonetheless, despite a primary challenge from the archconservative Senator Barry Goldwater, he managed to win easily in 1972: Hubert Humphrey attempted to mend his party's divisions by choosing JFK's more antiwar brother Robert as his running mate, but the Peoples Party's nomination of his primary rival, Eugene McCarthy, who chose Representative Gore Vidal as his running mate, complicated matters. In the end, it was hard to match the incumbent president's popularity. Rockefeller's second term was notable for three major things: the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment, the end of the Vietnam War in a stalemate between the North and South, and a NORAD glitch that nearly led to nuclear war[2]. Rockefeller's popularity gave the Republicans an advantage in 1976, but they knew that their position was vulnerable.
1977-1985: Mo Udall / Edmund Muskie (D)
def. 1976: William Scranton / John B. Anderson (R)
def. 1980 Ronald Reagan / Howard Baker (R)
In 1976, Vice President Scranton defeated conservative California governor Ronald Reagan in the Republican primaries and, as a conciliation to conservative Republicans, who had long felt neglected in presidential politics, chose the solidly right-wing Representative John Bayard Anderson as his running mate[3]. Meanwhile, the Democrats managed to heal the rift within the party through the liberal ticket of senators Mo Udall and Edmund Muskie. Ultimately, Udall narrowly beat Scranton; it is believed that a key part of his victory was his support of détente with the Soviet Union, which the American people, exhausted by the Vietnam war and frightened by the NORAD incident, were very receptive to. The Udall administration introduced a number of liberal reforms, including an expansion of social security and the EPA. Ronald Reagan clinched the Republican nomination in 1980, but, while many attracted to his charisma, his message of fiscal responsibility and denouncement of "appeasement" with the Soviet Union simply did not find much appeal with the American public, who largely approved of Udall's presidency. However, with a perception of inaction in the face of Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and elsewhere, especially following the socialist uprising in Iran, the Democrats faced a situation in 1984 similar to the Republicans' in 1976.
1985-1986: Antonin Scalia / Howard Baker (R)
def. 1984 Ted Kennedy / Jimmy Carter (D)
In 1984, the seventy-year-old Vice President Muskie opted not to run for president, leaving an open field that was taken by Senator Ted Kennedy, the youngest of the Kennedy brothers, who chose moderate Southerner Jimmy Carter as his running mate. The Republicans, meanwhile, were overtaken by a dark horse candidate: Antonin Scalia, an acclaimed archconservative legal scholar who had served as attorney general and governor of New Jersey and chose Senate Republican Leader and 1980 VP Candidate Howard Baker as his running mate. Winning in an upset, Scalia seemed to have brought the conservative revolution that Reagan had failed. His presidency was a difficult one, marked by his recording-breaking use of the presidential veto, following his strong belief in limited government. However, Scalia is remembered fondly due to what happened on May 1, 1986: a lone gunman shot the president, who died instantly.
1986-1989: Howard Baker / John B. Anderson (R)
The earliest act of the Baker administration was the investigation of President Scalia's murder. The assassin made open use of communist mantras, but it soon became apparent that he suffered from significant mental health problems, leading to the controversial ruling of not guilty by reason of insanity. Nonetheless, the assassination is credited with temporarily moving public opinion away from détente. President Baker, a moderate Republican, sought to soothe worries that he would fail to fulfill Scalia's legacy by choosing conservative Illinois senator John B. Anderson as his vice president. The Republicans won landslide victories in the 1986 midterms, creating the first Republican majority in the House of Representatives since the 1950s, and Baker seemed destined for a second term, but this would not be the case. He controversially sent troops to help the pro-American dictatorial regime of Iraq against the (semi-)democratic socialist government of Iran, a conflict that many thought America was on the wrong side of. Then, when the economy crashed in 1987, his efforts to fix it through government intervention met stiff opposition from the right, putting Baker in the worst possible situation for re-election.
1989-1993: Lee Iacocca / Tip O'Neil (Independent)[4]
def. 1988 Pat Buchanan / Jack Kemp (R) and Jesse Jackson / Gary Hart (D)
Challenging Baker in the primaries was the paleoconservative Pat Buchanan, who Scalia had appointed as Chief of Staff and who had quit during the Baker administration due to irreconcilable differences with the president. Buchanan claimed that Baker had betrayed President Scalia's legacy and that he was mistaken in getting involved in the Iran-Iraq conflict, claims that resonated greatly with the Republican base. After a drawn-out primary contest, Buchanan became the first person in history to unseat an incumbent president from within his own party and chose fiscal conservative Jack Kemp as his running mate. The Democrats, seeing that neither Baker nor Buchanan stood a chance to win the general election, saw this as a golden opportunity. Unfortunately for them, the primaries were ultimately won by Baptist minister and civil rights activist Jesse Jackson, a controversial and solidly left-winged figure. He chose Colorado senator Gary Hart as his running mate, a decision that was made with a great deal of reluctance on both sides. With two highly controversial nominees, this was the perfect time for a candidate outside of the two parties to arise, and so one did in the form of Chrysler CEO Lee Iacocca, who took his friend, retired Democratic Speaker of the House Tip O'Neil as his running mate. Pat Buchanan was blasted as inexperienced, unrealistically isolationist, and allegedly racist, while Jackson was accused of being a radical, fraud, and/or antisemite and Senator Hart faced allegations of sexual misconduct. In particular, Jackon's reference to President Scalia as a "son of a bitch" destroyed any chance he might have had of becoming president. Iacocca won easily, becoming the first non-partisan president since George Washington, leading to a flood of predictions that his presidency would usher in an era of prosperity and the end of the two-party system. In the end, these predictions were massively over-optimistic. Iacocca's administration ended up cooperating with moderates in both parties, pushing a centrist agenda. Having focused more on the vague idea of leadership than actual policy-making, President Iacocca relied greatly on Vice President O'Neil for getting things done in Washington, and he would ultimately be most greatly remembered for completing the détente with the Soviet Union under President Mikhail Gorbachev. Although the economy had not recovered as much as many had hoped during his presidency, Iacocca seemed well poised to win a second term in 1992.
1993-2001: Bill Bradley / Paul Tsongas (1993-1995), Colin Powell (1995-2001) (D)
def. 1992 Lee Iacocca / Tip O'Neil (I) and Lynn Martin / Bill Weld (R)
def. 1996 Ross Perot / Bob Dole (R)
In 1992, both major parties were desperate to rehabilitate their image. Bill Bradley, a liberal basketball player-turn-senator (truly the successor to Udall), won the nomination and chose the runner-up, moderate former Massachusetts Senator Paul Tsongas, as his running mate. Meanwhile, Republican Illinois Senator Lynn Morley Martin became the first woman to be a major party's presidential nominee and chose Massachusetts Governor William Weld as her running mate. In stark contrast to 1988, the general election campaign of 1992 was remembered as one of the most respectful ones in history, with all sides wanting to maintain a positive image. Bill Bradley performed well in the debates, and many were attracted by his talk of reform and his plans to fight poverty and provide universal healthcare. Nonetheless, while it was considered that an electoral majority may not be reached, virtually everyone thought that President Iacocca would at least win a plurality. However, on November 8, 1992, Senator Bradley won a plurality of both the electoral and popular vote, bring the election to Congress. President Iacocca accepted the result, allowing Bradley and Tsongas to be elected by the House and Senate respectively. Bradley's first term saw a number of reforms, largely focused on corruption and campaign finance, which were largely successful, although the proposal to abolish or reform the electoral college in light of what happened in the election went nowhere. His attempts to implement economically liberal reforms, such as free college and universal healthcare, were not as successful, especially after the 1994 midterms, which saw hosts of Republicans denouncing "Bradley-care." Bradley also continued Iacocca's foreign policy legacy, overseeing the fall of the Iron Curtain, the democratization of the Soviet Union, and the reunification of Germany, China, and Vietnam. Vice-President Tsongas, suffering from cancer, resigned in 1995, and Bradley managed to convince his Secretary of Defense, the formerly nonpartisan Colin Powell, to take the office of vice president, becoming the first African-American to hold the office. In 1996, the Republicans were overtaken by Ross Perot, a businessman who had supported Iacocca in 1988 and 1992 and appealed to an independent outsider spirit. Perot chose longtime Republican senator Bob Dole as his running mate and attacked Bradley on fiscal issues, namely the growing national debt. In the end however, the eccentric Perot and honestly quite boring Dole failed to captivate America enough to unseat Bradley. In his second term, Bradley continued his attempts at reform and also saw the start of a cultural revolution in America, most notably on the issue of LGBT rights. Bradley's most notable action on this issue was the passage of a bill lifting the ban on gay members of the military, to the chagrin of conservatives and, according to rumor, his own vice president. The popular Powell had made it excessively clear that he had no interest in pursuing the presidency in 2000, leaving the field wide open.
2001-2005: Ralph Nader / Al Gore (D)
def. 2000 Mitt Romney / Newt Gingrich (R)
Very quickly, two major names emerged for the Democratic nomination: liberal Connecticut Senator Ralph Nader, who as a lawyer and lawmaker had worked for consumer and environmental protection, and moderate Tennessee Governor Al Gore, who shared Nader's environmentalism, but otherwise took a middle-of-the-road approach. Nader's stubborn progressiveness and apparent incorruptibility won him the primaries, but he was eventually convinced that the only way to win the general was to choose Governor Gore, who he had spent months denouncing as a corrupt, dishonest flip-flopper, as his running mate. Meanwhile, Senator Mitt Romney came on top in the Republican primaries and chose Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich as his running mate, a pairing with equally bad chemistry as Nader/Gore. 2000 undid any progress that 1992 might have done in improving the political debate. Smears and insults were thrown left and right; Nader was a radical and Romney was spineless and corrupt, and both were constantly feuding with and being contradicted by their running mates. In the end, the only real winner was late night TV shows, which produced a fair share of laughs. The election was extremely close - Nader definitely won the electoral vote, but it was nearly a week before it was confirmed that he also won the popular. He said that he was open to, and even supported, the abolition of the Electoral College so that this uncertainty would never happen again, but, like in 1992, this suggestion went nowhere. The first issues on Nader's agenda included "tough-on-corporations" legislation and increased environmental regulations, one of the few issues that he and Vice President Gore managed to successfully cooperate on. The course of history changed significantly late in 2000, when al-Qaeda, in cooperation with entities within Hamas, launched a large-scale terrorist attack in Israel. Calls came from all corners to "stand strong with Israel" and pursue al-Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden, at all costs. President Nader condemned the attack and called for justice, but also urged moderation and called for sustainable peace in the Middle East, which he said was the only way that this could be permanently prevented. This was met by outrage by Republicans and pro-Israel Democrats, who claimed that Nader was sympathizing with the attackers. Foreign policy issues, particularly the relationship with Israel, took up much more of Nader's time than he would have liked, and he would later say that Republicans intentionally focused on the issue as a distraction from progressive domestic policies that Nader wanted to implement. Nader did cooperate closely with the Israeli government, although, in the eyes of the Likud administration, obstruction would be a better word for it than cooperation, while Nader would say that he simply made sure that the will of the United Nations was followed and basic human rights were adhered to. He knew that he was vulnerable in 2004, but decided to stand strong.
2005-2010: Donald Trump / Hillary Rodham[5] (R)
def. 2004 Ralph Nader / Al Gore (D)
def. 2008 John F. Kennedy Jr. / Barack Obama (D) and Ron Paul / Walter B. Jones (Liberty)
Some wanted Nader to stand down in 2004, and when he refused some even asked Vice President Gore to run against him in the primaries, but he also refused. Nader did receive a primary challenge in the form of fellow Nutmegger Joe Lieberman. However, the moderate-to-conservative Senator Lieberman was no match to Nader in the Democratic Primaries. Meanwhile, bombastic billionaire Donald Trump sought the Republican nomination as a moderate outsider in the same vein as Iacocca and Perot. With his primary victory, he chose Illinois Senator Hillary Rodham as his running mate. This was considered a perfect match: the main complaints about Trump were that he was inexperienced, too moderate, and perceived as misogynistic and racist; Rodham, meanwhile, was a solidly conservative insider who was a woman and had a good relationship with the African-American community (in fact, one time where she got in trouble with the conservative base was when she made a statement praising civil rights leader and left-wing politician Martin Luther King Jr., which was soon downplayed). However, the simple truth is that, no matter who his running mate was, Trump was almost sure to win against Nader, and win he did, making Hillary Rodham the first female vice-president in US history. Nader would be remembered as weak and incompetent by the right and a good man who was simply too stubborn and politically inept by the left. Trump tried out his brand of "dealmaker" diplomacy, putting pressure on Middle Eastern countries while supplying military aid to Israel's counter-terrorism efforts, all while dealing with the President Vladimir Putin of the Soviet Union, who had reversed the process of democratization that the country had gone through under Gorbachev and others and who was threatening countries such as Ukraine and Chechnya, which had peacefully gained independence in the 1990s. On the domestic front, Trump implemented a protectionist trade policy, increased security along the border with Mexico, and chose to reform rather than repeal the healthcare and education systems put in place by Presidents Bradley and Nader. In 2004, the Democrats nominated New York Governor John F. Kennedy Jr., the son of the former president, as their nominee, and he chose the equally young and charismatic Illinois representative Barack Obama as his running mate. Meanwhile, dissatisfied by the interventionism and lack of fiscal moderation of the Trump administration, former Texas Senator Ron Paul formed the Liberty Party as a merger of several smaller libertarian and paleoconservative parties, and managed to convince North Carolina Representative Walter B. Jones Jr. to become his running mate. Democrats were practically giddy. After the failures of the Nader administration, they had the perfect ticket and a Republican spoiler. After having the White House for twelve of the last sixteen years, they could win it again. It was, however, not to be. In what at the time looked to be a feat of master campaigning, the Trump campaign managed to neutralize threats on its left and right, to the point that victory was apparent even before it was announced that Osama bin Laden was assassinated in October 2004. The first notable event of Trump's second term was the landmark Supreme Court ruling that bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional. Both President Trump and Vice President Rodham supported the decision (or, rather, they stood by it after it was made), a major showing of how much cultural opinion of the issue had changed in the last decade. However, Trump's second term is best remembered by the allegations that he and the Vice President used covert methods to undermine Obama's and Paul's campaigns. This was followed by a host of other allegations of unethical behavior by Trump and Rodham. These allegations were originally met with scorn by the administration and compared to the supposedly made-up allegations against Nixon in 1964. However, as more evidence came out, a full-on investigation was started, leading to the impeachment and removal from office of President Trump and Vice President Clinton. The administration said that this was a power-grab on the part of Barack Obama, who was elected as Speaker of the House in 2009, but the general consensus is that at least some of the allegations were true, even if both Trump and Clinton were found not guilty in trials after their removal from office.
2010-2017: Barack Obama / Jim Webb (D)
def. 2012 Buddy Roemer / Larry Lessig[5] (R)
President Obama, hoping to mend relations with Republicans who felt that he had grabbed power, chose moderate Democratic Senator Jim Webb as his vice president. In his first term, he tried to establish himself as a middle-of-the-road center-left Democrat, pursuing policies halfway between the Nader and Trump administrations. In 2012, the Republicans sought to reverse the legacy of Trump by nominating the anti-corruption, conservative Senator Buddy Roemer, who chose Pennsylvania Governor Larry Lessig as his running mate, a libertarian conservative whose support of Ron Paul in 2008 earned him scorn among Republicans at the time, but made him into a principled hero at the time of impeachment. However, Obama was still popular and the Trump's administration had still left its mark on the Republican Party, allowing Obama to easily win reelection in 2012. With a mandate for his second term, Obama pursued immigration reform and a continuation of Bradley's healthcare and education reforms. However, an attempted coup in Turkey, leading to a civil war between the Islamist government and a Kemalist military faction, which the United States and NATO stayed neutral during, overshadowed domestic issues during the end of his second term.
Taking Office in 2017: Anthony Weiner / Gary Johnson (D/R)
2016 Anthony Weiner / Ronald Reagan Jr. (D), Michael Huffington / Gary Johnson (R), Ted Nugent / Joe Miller (L), and Bernie Sanders / Faith Spotted Eagle (I)
Vice President Jim Webb sought the Democratic nomination in 2016, but his moderate policies put many Democrats off; even President Obama, who stayed neutral during the primaries, only gave a lukewarm praise of his Vice President. In the end, New York City Mayor Anthony Weiner won the primaries, choosing Governor Ronald Reagan Jr. of California as his running mate, a solidly liberal Democrat in contrast to his strongly conservative father. Meanwhile, moderate California Senator Michael Huffington came on top during the Republican Primaries in an upset and chose libertarian New Mexico Senator Gary Johnson as his running mate. This moderate ticket was made worse in the eyes of some conservatives by the Huffington's recently admitted bisexuality, making him the first openly LGBT nominee of a major party. This led to the candidacy of former Texas Governor Ted Nugent for the Liberty Party, joined by Alaska Senator Joe Miller. Unlike the libertarian-leaning candidacy of Ron Paul in 2008, which also managed to attract some Democratic voters, Nugent's campaign was solidly conservative. Meanwhile, Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders had announced his independent candidacy in 2015, supposedly assuming that Webb would become the Democratic nominee. However, he refused to retract his candidacy in face of the liberal Weiner/Reagan ticket, saying that many key issues were still not being addressed. His running mate was Native American activist and former South Dakota state legislator Faith Spotted Eagle. Although he ran as an independent, Sanders won the nomination of several minor left-wing parties, earning him ballot access in all fifty states. The chaotic election saw no candidate get a majority of 270 electoral votes, with Ted Nugent becoming the first third party candidate to gain electoral votes since George Wallace in 1968 (Lee Iacocca notwithstanding). The Democratic House chose Weiner, who won a popular plurality, as president, while the Republican Senate chose Johnson as vice president. A number of jokes have been made about the euphemisms in both the president and vice president-elect's names, but this has been overshadowed by the curiosity and anxiety over how the next four years will play out with a politically divided executive branch.
[1] IOTL, George Wallace actually did contact J. Edgar Hoover about being his running mate in 1968 (he didn't respond) and MLK was pressed to run for president (he refused).
[2] There have been a few NORAD glitches IOTL, but I made up this particular one.
[3] While he later became the leading liberal Republican IOTL, John B. Anderson started out as an extreme conservative.
[4] IOTL, Iacocca considered running for president in 1988, but was talked out of it by Tip O'Neil.
[5] Both Hillary Clinton and Larry Lessig were hardcore conservatives IOTL before moving to the left in college.
1961-1965: Richard Nixon / Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican)
def. 1960 John F. Kennedy / Lyndon B. Johnson (Democrat)
Nixon faced a tougher than expected challenge from the Democrats, but ultimately came out on top. The most important accomplishment of his presidency was the passage of the Civil Rights Act, which was described as both revolutionary by its supporters, but dangerously radical to its detractors on the right and far too modest to its detractors on the left. However, many still remembered the failure of the Bay of Pigs, and more still simply found Nixon untrustworthy and unlikable, putting him in a precarious situation in 1964.
1965-1969: John F. Kennedy / Hubert Humphrey (D)
def. 1964 Richard Nixon / Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R) and George Wallace / Ezra Taft Benson (American)
Despite his previous defeat, Senator Jack Kennedy managed to shockingly clench the Democratic nomination a second time, choosing Minnesota senator Hubert Humphrey as his running mate. This was seen as a massive slight by Southern Democrats, who, lead by Alabama senator George Wallace, formed the pro-segregation American Party. Nonetheless, Kennedy managed to come on top in the ensuing election, something that was greatly helped by an unconfirmed leak alleging that the Nixon campaign was using covert methods to undermine its opponents. The presidency was not easy on Kennedy, however; the faltering economy that had also in part led to his victory over Nixon continued, as did tensions with the communist regime in North Vietnam. This led to the controversial decision to send American troops into Vietnam, outraging the left. Kennedy expected that he might face a challenge from the left in 1968, but considering his administration's efforts in expanding Nixon's civil rights legacy, he was very surprised by where it came from.
1969-1977: Nelson Rockefeller / William Scranton (R)
def. 1968 John F. Kennedy / Hubert Humphrey (D), George Wallace / J. Edgar Hoover (A), and Martin Luther King Jr. / Benjamin Spock (Peoples)[1]
def. 1972 Hubert Humphrey / Robert F. Kennedy (D) and Eugene McCarthy / Gore Vidal (P)
In 1968, liberal-to-moderate Republican Nelson Rockefeller won the nomination and created a bit of a stir among the conservatives by choosing fellow moderate William Scranton as his running mate, trying to create a ticket that will draw in dissatisfied Democrats. Meanwhile, George Wallace decided to carry the American Party's banner one more time, seeing the other candidate's hostility towards "Southern interests." His repeat candidacy was not taken seriously at first, but it gained much attention when he announced his running mate: (in)famous FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, who, dissatisfied with the other candidates stances and with the subversiveness inherent in the rising American counterculture, decided to join Wallace for the ultimate law-and-order ticket. Hoover's decision to join Wallace was likely influenced by the reluctant entry of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. into the race as a left-wing pro-peace candidate. Kennedy, faced with a near-identical situation to President Truman in 1948, tried to pull of a similar upset. However, while Wallace failed to meet his 1964 performance, becoming the American Party's last major candidate, and King ultimate failed to galvanize liberals and African-Americans as much as he had hoped, the papers reading "Rockefeller defeats Kennedy" were in fact true. A stressed and exhausted Kennedy, suffering from Addison's disease, later died the year he left office. Rockefeller's first term saw economic prosperity, but also an increase in tensions with Vietnam. Under the staunch anticommunist, tensions with the Soviets were at an all time high. Nonetheless, despite a primary challenge from the archconservative Senator Barry Goldwater, he managed to win easily in 1972: Hubert Humphrey attempted to mend his party's divisions by choosing JFK's more antiwar brother Robert as his running mate, but the Peoples Party's nomination of his primary rival, Eugene McCarthy, who chose Representative Gore Vidal as his running mate, complicated matters. In the end, it was hard to match the incumbent president's popularity. Rockefeller's second term was notable for three major things: the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment, the end of the Vietnam War in a stalemate between the North and South, and a NORAD glitch that nearly led to nuclear war[2]. Rockefeller's popularity gave the Republicans an advantage in 1976, but they knew that their position was vulnerable.
1977-1985: Mo Udall / Edmund Muskie (D)
def. 1976: William Scranton / John B. Anderson (R)
def. 1980 Ronald Reagan / Howard Baker (R)
In 1976, Vice President Scranton defeated conservative California governor Ronald Reagan in the Republican primaries and, as a conciliation to conservative Republicans, who had long felt neglected in presidential politics, chose the solidly right-wing Representative John Bayard Anderson as his running mate[3]. Meanwhile, the Democrats managed to heal the rift within the party through the liberal ticket of senators Mo Udall and Edmund Muskie. Ultimately, Udall narrowly beat Scranton; it is believed that a key part of his victory was his support of détente with the Soviet Union, which the American people, exhausted by the Vietnam war and frightened by the NORAD incident, were very receptive to. The Udall administration introduced a number of liberal reforms, including an expansion of social security and the EPA. Ronald Reagan clinched the Republican nomination in 1980, but, while many attracted to his charisma, his message of fiscal responsibility and denouncement of "appeasement" with the Soviet Union simply did not find much appeal with the American public, who largely approved of Udall's presidency. However, with a perception of inaction in the face of Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and elsewhere, especially following the socialist uprising in Iran, the Democrats faced a situation in 1984 similar to the Republicans' in 1976.
1985-1986: Antonin Scalia / Howard Baker (R)
def. 1984 Ted Kennedy / Jimmy Carter (D)
In 1984, the seventy-year-old Vice President Muskie opted not to run for president, leaving an open field that was taken by Senator Ted Kennedy, the youngest of the Kennedy brothers, who chose moderate Southerner Jimmy Carter as his running mate. The Republicans, meanwhile, were overtaken by a dark horse candidate: Antonin Scalia, an acclaimed archconservative legal scholar who had served as attorney general and governor of New Jersey and chose Senate Republican Leader and 1980 VP Candidate Howard Baker as his running mate. Winning in an upset, Scalia seemed to have brought the conservative revolution that Reagan had failed. His presidency was a difficult one, marked by his recording-breaking use of the presidential veto, following his strong belief in limited government. However, Scalia is remembered fondly due to what happened on May 1, 1986: a lone gunman shot the president, who died instantly.
1986-1989: Howard Baker / John B. Anderson (R)
The earliest act of the Baker administration was the investigation of President Scalia's murder. The assassin made open use of communist mantras, but it soon became apparent that he suffered from significant mental health problems, leading to the controversial ruling of not guilty by reason of insanity. Nonetheless, the assassination is credited with temporarily moving public opinion away from détente. President Baker, a moderate Republican, sought to soothe worries that he would fail to fulfill Scalia's legacy by choosing conservative Illinois senator John B. Anderson as his vice president. The Republicans won landslide victories in the 1986 midterms, creating the first Republican majority in the House of Representatives since the 1950s, and Baker seemed destined for a second term, but this would not be the case. He controversially sent troops to help the pro-American dictatorial regime of Iraq against the (semi-)democratic socialist government of Iran, a conflict that many thought America was on the wrong side of. Then, when the economy crashed in 1987, his efforts to fix it through government intervention met stiff opposition from the right, putting Baker in the worst possible situation for re-election.
1989-1993: Lee Iacocca / Tip O'Neil (Independent)[4]
def. 1988 Pat Buchanan / Jack Kemp (R) and Jesse Jackson / Gary Hart (D)
Challenging Baker in the primaries was the paleoconservative Pat Buchanan, who Scalia had appointed as Chief of Staff and who had quit during the Baker administration due to irreconcilable differences with the president. Buchanan claimed that Baker had betrayed President Scalia's legacy and that he was mistaken in getting involved in the Iran-Iraq conflict, claims that resonated greatly with the Republican base. After a drawn-out primary contest, Buchanan became the first person in history to unseat an incumbent president from within his own party and chose fiscal conservative Jack Kemp as his running mate. The Democrats, seeing that neither Baker nor Buchanan stood a chance to win the general election, saw this as a golden opportunity. Unfortunately for them, the primaries were ultimately won by Baptist minister and civil rights activist Jesse Jackson, a controversial and solidly left-winged figure. He chose Colorado senator Gary Hart as his running mate, a decision that was made with a great deal of reluctance on both sides. With two highly controversial nominees, this was the perfect time for a candidate outside of the two parties to arise, and so one did in the form of Chrysler CEO Lee Iacocca, who took his friend, retired Democratic Speaker of the House Tip O'Neil as his running mate. Pat Buchanan was blasted as inexperienced, unrealistically isolationist, and allegedly racist, while Jackson was accused of being a radical, fraud, and/or antisemite and Senator Hart faced allegations of sexual misconduct. In particular, Jackon's reference to President Scalia as a "son of a bitch" destroyed any chance he might have had of becoming president. Iacocca won easily, becoming the first non-partisan president since George Washington, leading to a flood of predictions that his presidency would usher in an era of prosperity and the end of the two-party system. In the end, these predictions were massively over-optimistic. Iacocca's administration ended up cooperating with moderates in both parties, pushing a centrist agenda. Having focused more on the vague idea of leadership than actual policy-making, President Iacocca relied greatly on Vice President O'Neil for getting things done in Washington, and he would ultimately be most greatly remembered for completing the détente with the Soviet Union under President Mikhail Gorbachev. Although the economy had not recovered as much as many had hoped during his presidency, Iacocca seemed well poised to win a second term in 1992.
1993-2001: Bill Bradley / Paul Tsongas (1993-1995), Colin Powell (1995-2001) (D)
def. 1992 Lee Iacocca / Tip O'Neil (I) and Lynn Martin / Bill Weld (R)
def. 1996 Ross Perot / Bob Dole (R)
In 1992, both major parties were desperate to rehabilitate their image. Bill Bradley, a liberal basketball player-turn-senator (truly the successor to Udall), won the nomination and chose the runner-up, moderate former Massachusetts Senator Paul Tsongas, as his running mate. Meanwhile, Republican Illinois Senator Lynn Morley Martin became the first woman to be a major party's presidential nominee and chose Massachusetts Governor William Weld as her running mate. In stark contrast to 1988, the general election campaign of 1992 was remembered as one of the most respectful ones in history, with all sides wanting to maintain a positive image. Bill Bradley performed well in the debates, and many were attracted by his talk of reform and his plans to fight poverty and provide universal healthcare. Nonetheless, while it was considered that an electoral majority may not be reached, virtually everyone thought that President Iacocca would at least win a plurality. However, on November 8, 1992, Senator Bradley won a plurality of both the electoral and popular vote, bring the election to Congress. President Iacocca accepted the result, allowing Bradley and Tsongas to be elected by the House and Senate respectively. Bradley's first term saw a number of reforms, largely focused on corruption and campaign finance, which were largely successful, although the proposal to abolish or reform the electoral college in light of what happened in the election went nowhere. His attempts to implement economically liberal reforms, such as free college and universal healthcare, were not as successful, especially after the 1994 midterms, which saw hosts of Republicans denouncing "Bradley-care." Bradley also continued Iacocca's foreign policy legacy, overseeing the fall of the Iron Curtain, the democratization of the Soviet Union, and the reunification of Germany, China, and Vietnam. Vice-President Tsongas, suffering from cancer, resigned in 1995, and Bradley managed to convince his Secretary of Defense, the formerly nonpartisan Colin Powell, to take the office of vice president, becoming the first African-American to hold the office. In 1996, the Republicans were overtaken by Ross Perot, a businessman who had supported Iacocca in 1988 and 1992 and appealed to an independent outsider spirit. Perot chose longtime Republican senator Bob Dole as his running mate and attacked Bradley on fiscal issues, namely the growing national debt. In the end however, the eccentric Perot and honestly quite boring Dole failed to captivate America enough to unseat Bradley. In his second term, Bradley continued his attempts at reform and also saw the start of a cultural revolution in America, most notably on the issue of LGBT rights. Bradley's most notable action on this issue was the passage of a bill lifting the ban on gay members of the military, to the chagrin of conservatives and, according to rumor, his own vice president. The popular Powell had made it excessively clear that he had no interest in pursuing the presidency in 2000, leaving the field wide open.
2001-2005: Ralph Nader / Al Gore (D)
def. 2000 Mitt Romney / Newt Gingrich (R)
Very quickly, two major names emerged for the Democratic nomination: liberal Connecticut Senator Ralph Nader, who as a lawyer and lawmaker had worked for consumer and environmental protection, and moderate Tennessee Governor Al Gore, who shared Nader's environmentalism, but otherwise took a middle-of-the-road approach. Nader's stubborn progressiveness and apparent incorruptibility won him the primaries, but he was eventually convinced that the only way to win the general was to choose Governor Gore, who he had spent months denouncing as a corrupt, dishonest flip-flopper, as his running mate. Meanwhile, Senator Mitt Romney came on top in the Republican primaries and chose Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich as his running mate, a pairing with equally bad chemistry as Nader/Gore. 2000 undid any progress that 1992 might have done in improving the political debate. Smears and insults were thrown left and right; Nader was a radical and Romney was spineless and corrupt, and both were constantly feuding with and being contradicted by their running mates. In the end, the only real winner was late night TV shows, which produced a fair share of laughs. The election was extremely close - Nader definitely won the electoral vote, but it was nearly a week before it was confirmed that he also won the popular. He said that he was open to, and even supported, the abolition of the Electoral College so that this uncertainty would never happen again, but, like in 1992, this suggestion went nowhere. The first issues on Nader's agenda included "tough-on-corporations" legislation and increased environmental regulations, one of the few issues that he and Vice President Gore managed to successfully cooperate on. The course of history changed significantly late in 2000, when al-Qaeda, in cooperation with entities within Hamas, launched a large-scale terrorist attack in Israel. Calls came from all corners to "stand strong with Israel" and pursue al-Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden, at all costs. President Nader condemned the attack and called for justice, but also urged moderation and called for sustainable peace in the Middle East, which he said was the only way that this could be permanently prevented. This was met by outrage by Republicans and pro-Israel Democrats, who claimed that Nader was sympathizing with the attackers. Foreign policy issues, particularly the relationship with Israel, took up much more of Nader's time than he would have liked, and he would later say that Republicans intentionally focused on the issue as a distraction from progressive domestic policies that Nader wanted to implement. Nader did cooperate closely with the Israeli government, although, in the eyes of the Likud administration, obstruction would be a better word for it than cooperation, while Nader would say that he simply made sure that the will of the United Nations was followed and basic human rights were adhered to. He knew that he was vulnerable in 2004, but decided to stand strong.
2005-2010: Donald Trump / Hillary Rodham[5] (R)
def. 2004 Ralph Nader / Al Gore (D)
def. 2008 John F. Kennedy Jr. / Barack Obama (D) and Ron Paul / Walter B. Jones (Liberty)
Some wanted Nader to stand down in 2004, and when he refused some even asked Vice President Gore to run against him in the primaries, but he also refused. Nader did receive a primary challenge in the form of fellow Nutmegger Joe Lieberman. However, the moderate-to-conservative Senator Lieberman was no match to Nader in the Democratic Primaries. Meanwhile, bombastic billionaire Donald Trump sought the Republican nomination as a moderate outsider in the same vein as Iacocca and Perot. With his primary victory, he chose Illinois Senator Hillary Rodham as his running mate. This was considered a perfect match: the main complaints about Trump were that he was inexperienced, too moderate, and perceived as misogynistic and racist; Rodham, meanwhile, was a solidly conservative insider who was a woman and had a good relationship with the African-American community (in fact, one time where she got in trouble with the conservative base was when she made a statement praising civil rights leader and left-wing politician Martin Luther King Jr., which was soon downplayed). However, the simple truth is that, no matter who his running mate was, Trump was almost sure to win against Nader, and win he did, making Hillary Rodham the first female vice-president in US history. Nader would be remembered as weak and incompetent by the right and a good man who was simply too stubborn and politically inept by the left. Trump tried out his brand of "dealmaker" diplomacy, putting pressure on Middle Eastern countries while supplying military aid to Israel's counter-terrorism efforts, all while dealing with the President Vladimir Putin of the Soviet Union, who had reversed the process of democratization that the country had gone through under Gorbachev and others and who was threatening countries such as Ukraine and Chechnya, which had peacefully gained independence in the 1990s. On the domestic front, Trump implemented a protectionist trade policy, increased security along the border with Mexico, and chose to reform rather than repeal the healthcare and education systems put in place by Presidents Bradley and Nader. In 2004, the Democrats nominated New York Governor John F. Kennedy Jr., the son of the former president, as their nominee, and he chose the equally young and charismatic Illinois representative Barack Obama as his running mate. Meanwhile, dissatisfied by the interventionism and lack of fiscal moderation of the Trump administration, former Texas Senator Ron Paul formed the Liberty Party as a merger of several smaller libertarian and paleoconservative parties, and managed to convince North Carolina Representative Walter B. Jones Jr. to become his running mate. Democrats were practically giddy. After the failures of the Nader administration, they had the perfect ticket and a Republican spoiler. After having the White House for twelve of the last sixteen years, they could win it again. It was, however, not to be. In what at the time looked to be a feat of master campaigning, the Trump campaign managed to neutralize threats on its left and right, to the point that victory was apparent even before it was announced that Osama bin Laden was assassinated in October 2004. The first notable event of Trump's second term was the landmark Supreme Court ruling that bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional. Both President Trump and Vice President Rodham supported the decision (or, rather, they stood by it after it was made), a major showing of how much cultural opinion of the issue had changed in the last decade. However, Trump's second term is best remembered by the allegations that he and the Vice President used covert methods to undermine Obama's and Paul's campaigns. This was followed by a host of other allegations of unethical behavior by Trump and Rodham. These allegations were originally met with scorn by the administration and compared to the supposedly made-up allegations against Nixon in 1964. However, as more evidence came out, a full-on investigation was started, leading to the impeachment and removal from office of President Trump and Vice President Clinton. The administration said that this was a power-grab on the part of Barack Obama, who was elected as Speaker of the House in 2009, but the general consensus is that at least some of the allegations were true, even if both Trump and Clinton were found not guilty in trials after their removal from office.
2010-2017: Barack Obama / Jim Webb (D)
def. 2012 Buddy Roemer / Larry Lessig[5] (R)
President Obama, hoping to mend relations with Republicans who felt that he had grabbed power, chose moderate Democratic Senator Jim Webb as his vice president. In his first term, he tried to establish himself as a middle-of-the-road center-left Democrat, pursuing policies halfway between the Nader and Trump administrations. In 2012, the Republicans sought to reverse the legacy of Trump by nominating the anti-corruption, conservative Senator Buddy Roemer, who chose Pennsylvania Governor Larry Lessig as his running mate, a libertarian conservative whose support of Ron Paul in 2008 earned him scorn among Republicans at the time, but made him into a principled hero at the time of impeachment. However, Obama was still popular and the Trump's administration had still left its mark on the Republican Party, allowing Obama to easily win reelection in 2012. With a mandate for his second term, Obama pursued immigration reform and a continuation of Bradley's healthcare and education reforms. However, an attempted coup in Turkey, leading to a civil war between the Islamist government and a Kemalist military faction, which the United States and NATO stayed neutral during, overshadowed domestic issues during the end of his second term.
Taking Office in 2017: Anthony Weiner / Gary Johnson (D/R)
2016 Anthony Weiner / Ronald Reagan Jr. (D), Michael Huffington / Gary Johnson (R), Ted Nugent / Joe Miller (L), and Bernie Sanders / Faith Spotted Eagle (I)
Vice President Jim Webb sought the Democratic nomination in 2016, but his moderate policies put many Democrats off; even President Obama, who stayed neutral during the primaries, only gave a lukewarm praise of his Vice President. In the end, New York City Mayor Anthony Weiner won the primaries, choosing Governor Ronald Reagan Jr. of California as his running mate, a solidly liberal Democrat in contrast to his strongly conservative father. Meanwhile, moderate California Senator Michael Huffington came on top during the Republican Primaries in an upset and chose libertarian New Mexico Senator Gary Johnson as his running mate. This moderate ticket was made worse in the eyes of some conservatives by the Huffington's recently admitted bisexuality, making him the first openly LGBT nominee of a major party. This led to the candidacy of former Texas Governor Ted Nugent for the Liberty Party, joined by Alaska Senator Joe Miller. Unlike the libertarian-leaning candidacy of Ron Paul in 2008, which also managed to attract some Democratic voters, Nugent's campaign was solidly conservative. Meanwhile, Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders had announced his independent candidacy in 2015, supposedly assuming that Webb would become the Democratic nominee. However, he refused to retract his candidacy in face of the liberal Weiner/Reagan ticket, saying that many key issues were still not being addressed. His running mate was Native American activist and former South Dakota state legislator Faith Spotted Eagle. Although he ran as an independent, Sanders won the nomination of several minor left-wing parties, earning him ballot access in all fifty states. The chaotic election saw no candidate get a majority of 270 electoral votes, with Ted Nugent becoming the first third party candidate to gain electoral votes since George Wallace in 1968 (Lee Iacocca notwithstanding). The Democratic House chose Weiner, who won a popular plurality, as president, while the Republican Senate chose Johnson as vice president. A number of jokes have been made about the euphemisms in both the president and vice president-elect's names, but this has been overshadowed by the curiosity and anxiety over how the next four years will play out with a politically divided executive branch.
[1] IOTL, George Wallace actually did contact J. Edgar Hoover about being his running mate in 1968 (he didn't respond) and MLK was pressed to run for president (he refused).
[2] There have been a few NORAD glitches IOTL, but I made up this particular one.
[3] While he later became the leading liberal Republican IOTL, John B. Anderson started out as an extreme conservative.
[4] IOTL, Iacocca considered running for president in 1988, but was talked out of it by Tip O'Neil.
[5] Both Hillary Clinton and Larry Lessig were hardcore conservatives IOTL before moving to the left in college.
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I don't really want to do a list for this idea but I think this is the best place for it.
A List of the Major Political Parties on the eve of the General Election of 1995
Unionist
The natural party of government, of the union, empire, protection and splendid isolation. Currently are the Official Opposition.
Liberal
The other of Britain's big two. The party of home rule, decolonisation, free trade, and alliance with the Latin Entente. Currently in government with supply and confidence from the IPP and the SDF.
Irish Parliamentary
Ireland's dominant party. Favours coalition with Liberals over Unionists, but is less free market oriented than the Liberals.
Social Democrat
The 'establishment' party of the left. Is a traditional ally of the Liberals. Influenced heavily by Fabianism and strong state led interventions.
British Socialist
An insurgent anti-establishment party. Calls for a fundamental restructuring of the economy, and an abolition of eugenics policy.
A List of the Major Political Parties on the eve of the General Election of 1995
Unionist
The natural party of government, of the union, empire, protection and splendid isolation. Currently are the Official Opposition.
Liberal
The other of Britain's big two. The party of home rule, decolonisation, free trade, and alliance with the Latin Entente. Currently in government with supply and confidence from the IPP and the SDF.
Irish Parliamentary
Ireland's dominant party. Favours coalition with Liberals over Unionists, but is less free market oriented than the Liberals.
Social Democrat
The 'establishment' party of the left. Is a traditional ally of the Liberals. Influenced heavily by Fabianism and strong state led interventions.
British Socialist
An insurgent anti-establishment party. Calls for a fundamental restructuring of the economy, and an abolition of eugenics policy.
CanadianTory - Perot '92, Campbell '93, Cullen '17
Inspiration for the American portion comes from @True Grit and a wonderful series he did not too long ago on Ross Perot.
Presidents of the United States
Ross Perot (I-Texas) 1993-1997
VP: Dick Lamm (I-Colorado) 1993-1997
1992: Bill Clinton (D-Arkansas)/Al Gore (D-Tennessee), George H.W. Bush (R-Texas)/Dan Quayle (R-Indiana)
Ann Richards (D-Texas) 1997-2005
VP: Bill Bradley (D-New Jersey) 1997-2005
1996: Ross Perot (I-Texas)/Dick Lamm (I-Colorado), Carroll Campbell (R-South Carolina)/Connie Mack III (R-Florida)
2000: Arlen Specter (I-Pennsylvannia)/George Pataki (I-New York), Steve Forbes (R-New York)/Newt Gingrich (R-Georgia)
Mitt Romney (I-Michigan) 2005-2013
VP: Ben Nelson (I-Nebraska) 2005-2009
Meg Whitman (I-California) 2009-2013
2004: Bill Bradley (D-New Jersey)/Dick Gephardt (D-Missouri), Mike Huckabee (R-Arkansas)/Bob Smith (R-New Hampshire)
2008: Mike Huckabee (R-Arkansas)/Rick Santorum (R-Pennsylvannia), Howard Dean (D-Vermont)/Tom Vilsack (D-Iowa)
Meg Whitman (I-California) 2013-2017
VP: Ted Strickland (I-Ohio) 2013-2017
2012: Russ Feingold (D-Minnesota)/Barbara Lee (D-California), Rick Santorum (R-Pennsylvannia)/Mary Fallin (R-Oklahoma)
Elizabeth Warren (D-Massachusetts) 2017-
VP: Jeff Merkley (D-Oregon) 2017-
2016: Meg Whitman (I-California)/Ted Strickland (I-Ohio), Mike Pence (I-Indiana)/Bobby Jindal (R-Louisiana)
Prime Ministers of Canada
Brian Mulroney (Progressive Conservative) 1984-1993
1984 (majority): John Turner (Liberal), Ed Broadbent (NDP)
1988 (majority): John Turner (Liberal), Ed Broadbent (NDP)
Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative) 1993
Jean Chretien (Liberal) 1993-2001
1993 (majority): Lucien Bouchard (Bloc), Preston Manning (Reform), Audrey McLaughlin (NDP), Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative)
1997 (minority): Preston Manning (Reform), Michel Gauthier (Bloc), Alexa McDonough (NDP), Jean Charest (Progressive Conservative)
1998 (majority): Preston Manning (Reform), Michel Gauthier (Bloc), Jean Charest (Progressive Conservative), Alexa McDonough (NDP)
Paul Martin (Liberal) 2001-2007
2002 (majority): Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Raymond Speaker (Reform), Jim Prentice (Progressive Conservative), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Chuck Strahl (Democratic Representative)
2006 (minority): Jim Prentice (Coalition), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Bill Blaikie (NDP)
Bob Rae (Liberal) 2007-2008
Jim Prentice (Coalition) 2008-2017
2008 (minority): Bob Rae (Liberal), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc)
2009 (majority): Bob Rae (Liberal), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc)
2013 (majority): Peggy Nash (NDP), Stephane Dion (Liberal), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Elizabeth May (Green), Jean-François Fortin (Strength in Democracy)
Nathan Cullen (Liberal-Democrat) 2017-
2017 (majority): Jim Prentice (Coalition), Niki Ashton (Progressive), Pauline Marois (Bloc), Elizabeth May (Green), Shawn Vulliez (Pirate)
Presidents of the United States
Ross Perot (I-Texas) 1993-1997
VP: Dick Lamm (I-Colorado) 1993-1997
1992: Bill Clinton (D-Arkansas)/Al Gore (D-Tennessee), George H.W. Bush (R-Texas)/Dan Quayle (R-Indiana)
Ann Richards (D-Texas) 1997-2005
VP: Bill Bradley (D-New Jersey) 1997-2005
1996: Ross Perot (I-Texas)/Dick Lamm (I-Colorado), Carroll Campbell (R-South Carolina)/Connie Mack III (R-Florida)
2000: Arlen Specter (I-Pennsylvannia)/George Pataki (I-New York), Steve Forbes (R-New York)/Newt Gingrich (R-Georgia)
Mitt Romney (I-Michigan) 2005-2013
VP: Ben Nelson (I-Nebraska) 2005-2009
Meg Whitman (I-California) 2009-2013
2004: Bill Bradley (D-New Jersey)/Dick Gephardt (D-Missouri), Mike Huckabee (R-Arkansas)/Bob Smith (R-New Hampshire)
2008: Mike Huckabee (R-Arkansas)/Rick Santorum (R-Pennsylvannia), Howard Dean (D-Vermont)/Tom Vilsack (D-Iowa)
Meg Whitman (I-California) 2013-2017
VP: Ted Strickland (I-Ohio) 2013-2017
2012: Russ Feingold (D-Minnesota)/Barbara Lee (D-California), Rick Santorum (R-Pennsylvannia)/Mary Fallin (R-Oklahoma)
Elizabeth Warren (D-Massachusetts) 2017-
VP: Jeff Merkley (D-Oregon) 2017-
2016: Meg Whitman (I-California)/Ted Strickland (I-Ohio), Mike Pence (I-Indiana)/Bobby Jindal (R-Louisiana)
Prime Ministers of Canada
Brian Mulroney (Progressive Conservative) 1984-1993
1984 (majority): John Turner (Liberal), Ed Broadbent (NDP)
1988 (majority): John Turner (Liberal), Ed Broadbent (NDP)
Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative) 1993
Jean Chretien (Liberal) 1993-2001
1993 (majority): Lucien Bouchard (Bloc), Preston Manning (Reform), Audrey McLaughlin (NDP), Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative)
1997 (minority): Preston Manning (Reform), Michel Gauthier (Bloc), Alexa McDonough (NDP), Jean Charest (Progressive Conservative)
1998 (majority): Preston Manning (Reform), Michel Gauthier (Bloc), Jean Charest (Progressive Conservative), Alexa McDonough (NDP)
Paul Martin (Liberal) 2001-2007
2002 (majority): Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Raymond Speaker (Reform), Jim Prentice (Progressive Conservative), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Chuck Strahl (Democratic Representative)
2006 (minority): Jim Prentice (Coalition), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Bill Blaikie (NDP)
Bob Rae (Liberal) 2007-2008
Jim Prentice (Coalition) 2008-2017
2008 (minority): Bob Rae (Liberal), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc)
2009 (majority): Bob Rae (Liberal), Bill Blaikie (NDP), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc)
2013 (majority): Peggy Nash (NDP), Stephane Dion (Liberal), Gilles Duceppe (Bloc), Elizabeth May (Green), Jean-François Fortin (Strength in Democracy)
Nathan Cullen (Liberal-Democrat) 2017-
2017 (majority): Jim Prentice (Coalition), Niki Ashton (Progressive), Pauline Marois (Bloc), Elizabeth May (Green), Shawn Vulliez (Pirate)
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Mumby - S T E A M P U N K
S T E A M P U N K
1979-1980: Stafford Throckmorton (Unionist)
1979 (Minority) def. Ed Mackenzie (Liberal), Charlotte Devlin (Irish Parliamentary Party), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation)
1980-1983: Ed Mackenzie (Liberal minority with supply and confidence from the Irish Parliamentary Party)
1983-1992: Arthur Burley (Unionist)
1984 (Coalition with the SDF) def. Ed Mackenzie (Liberal), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation), Charlotte Devlin (Irish Parliamentary Party)
1988 (Majority) def. George Bryce (Liberal), Stuart Donaghue (Irish Parliamentary Party), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation), Bobbie Thatcher (British Workers')
1992-1995: Phillipa Rose (Liberal)
1992 (Coalition with the IPP and the SDF) def. Arthur Burley (Unionist), Eoin McClane (Irish Parliamentary Party), Horatio Menzies (Social Democratic Federation), Bobbie Thatcher (British Workers')
Opinion Polls for 1995 General Election
Unionist: 35.3%
Liberal: 30.8%
BWP: 20.5%
SDF: 8.1%
IPP: 2.1%
Others: 3.2%
The British party political system is facing a reckoning, possibly the largest since the Home Rule and Tariff Reform debates at the end of the 19th century that almost splintered the United Kingdom and remade the Tories into the modern Unionist Party. The established parties disagree on a great deal. Trade policy, the relationship with the African Dependents, the more complex relationship with the Imperial Federation as a whole, the correct attitude to take to European entanglements, economic regulation and intervention (or the lack of it), devolution, the list goes on. But there is one bone of contention, that the establishment parties all agreed upon long ago and until recently was not a topic of public debate except amongst some crank theorists. That issue being that of national hygiene, or eugenics.
That the Unionist and Liberal parties were firm defenders of the National Hygienic Acts was well known and acknowledged. What was less widely recognised was the Social Democrats were also defenders of the national hygiene, in favour of the segregation and voluntary sterilisation of physically and mentally subnormal and deficient stratas of the population. As this was a topic that neither of the big two parties debated at any length, the SDF focussed their campaign literature on workplace safety, reforms to public healthcare, and support for the trade unions, as well as being loud in their condemnation of wars, either those of 'imperial aggrandizement' in the case of the Unionists, or 'European busybodying' in the case of the Liberals. In the 1960s and 70s, they successfully courted populist sentiment, adopting different styles of rhetoric when in different parts of the country. They fought where they could win and built up a heady level of support, such that in the late 70s, the country was faced with a very hung parliament indeed.
This was nothing new. Liberal governments had long grown accustomed to working with the Irish Parliamentary Party or whichever faction seemed cleaner when that party went through it's periodic phases of purging corruption or splitting over some issue or another. The Unionists on the other hand, had only had the displeasure of courting a partner twice since the turn of the century, the first upon their formation when the Conservatives and Liberal Unionists danced together, and again in the 1940s when the Unionists and Liberals had come together in the name of national unity to fight the Fu Dynasty of China. Now though, there was no potentially earth-shattering crisis. There was simply the parliamentary arithmetic that the Unionists were the largest party, but that they did not have a majority.
What happened at first was that the Unionist tried to go it alone. Their then leader Stafford Throckmorton could not countenance working with either the Irish nationalists or the socialists. His minority government managed a year before a confidence motion which the government failed. A weaker Liberal minority government ensued which managed three years with support from the IPP before it fell apart. The Unionists had since selected a new leader, more pragmatic than the arch-traditionalist Throckmorton. Burley treated with the SDF and with their support was able to command a majority. The two parties enjoyed a honeymoon and Burley sought to secure the greatest possible advantage by asking the King to dissolve Parliament.
The result was a boom for the Social Democrats, and while the Unionists made modest gains, the coalition continued. It was this longer period of Coalition that spelled doom for the SDF. Now they were forced to put their ideals to the test, and they were found wanting. First they had to deal with the costly intervention in Argentina, then they had to support Unionist plans for altered tariffs, and their own plans for slum clearances and new housing projects were put on the backburner. Max Harrison, once one of the country's most popular politicians now found himself it's most reviled. At best, he was the punchline for a sordid joke, at worst he was burned in effigy in Birmingham's streets. Most controversially the Unionist-SDF Coalition passed a National Hygienic Act that introduced compulsory sterilisation in Britain's prisons, introduced payments to the female tenants of workhouses that lasted only for as long as they did not become pregnant (and financial incentives for male tenants to undergo voluntary sterilisation), and compelled vagrants to register at their nearest workhouse or face imprisonment.
In 1988, amidst a stable economy, the SDF was burned back. While they lost several seats to the Liberals, it was a new force in British politics which arose to replace them in many urban areas. The British Workers' Party was socialist, but that was where the similarity ended. While the SDF had shrunk away from war, the BWP loudly banged the drum of jingoism. They were more radical in their support for the industrial unions. And they were firmly opposed to the National Hygienic Acts, condemning them as human butchery that made cattle of men.
In 1992, Burley's government lost it's majority, largely due to increasing controversy over the extension of the occupation of parts of Argentina combined with a simultaneous intervention in China that heightened tensions with Berlin. Burley's attempt to pass a Temperance Act also went down poorly in both Parliament and the wider country. Phillipa Rose was able to cobble together a majority with the IPP and the truncated SDF. Over the last three years, she has pulled troops out of Argentina, but has brought Britain closer to the Latin Entente which has not helped relations with the German Empire. The lowering of tariffs and attempts to peg the pound to a fixed rate with the Latin franc has seen the economy and public spending shrink and the cost of living has risen. The IPP is suffering one of her periods of internal tension, though it has not come to a split yet. Nevertheless, the impending split cost the government a crucial vote which led to Rose deciding to dissolve parliament and seek a renewed mandate. The SDF's polling is risible, while the BWP are biting at the Liberal's flanks. While it looks like the Unionists may win the most seats, the choice of partners has shrunk considerably, it will either be socialists of the BWP who want nationalisation of workhouses and heavy industry and the abolition of National Hygiene, or the IPP whose current instability will make them a fairweather friend at best.
1979-1980: Stafford Throckmorton (Unionist)
1979 (Minority) def. Ed Mackenzie (Liberal), Charlotte Devlin (Irish Parliamentary Party), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation)
1980-1983: Ed Mackenzie (Liberal minority with supply and confidence from the Irish Parliamentary Party)
1983-1992: Arthur Burley (Unionist)
1984 (Coalition with the SDF) def. Ed Mackenzie (Liberal), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation), Charlotte Devlin (Irish Parliamentary Party)
1988 (Majority) def. George Bryce (Liberal), Stuart Donaghue (Irish Parliamentary Party), Max Harrison (Social Democratic Federation), Bobbie Thatcher (British Workers')
1992-1995: Phillipa Rose (Liberal)
1992 (Coalition with the IPP and the SDF) def. Arthur Burley (Unionist), Eoin McClane (Irish Parliamentary Party), Horatio Menzies (Social Democratic Federation), Bobbie Thatcher (British Workers')
Opinion Polls for 1995 General Election
Unionist: 35.3%
Liberal: 30.8%
BWP: 20.5%
SDF: 8.1%
IPP: 2.1%
Others: 3.2%
The British party political system is facing a reckoning, possibly the largest since the Home Rule and Tariff Reform debates at the end of the 19th century that almost splintered the United Kingdom and remade the Tories into the modern Unionist Party. The established parties disagree on a great deal. Trade policy, the relationship with the African Dependents, the more complex relationship with the Imperial Federation as a whole, the correct attitude to take to European entanglements, economic regulation and intervention (or the lack of it), devolution, the list goes on. But there is one bone of contention, that the establishment parties all agreed upon long ago and until recently was not a topic of public debate except amongst some crank theorists. That issue being that of national hygiene, or eugenics.
That the Unionist and Liberal parties were firm defenders of the National Hygienic Acts was well known and acknowledged. What was less widely recognised was the Social Democrats were also defenders of the national hygiene, in favour of the segregation and voluntary sterilisation of physically and mentally subnormal and deficient stratas of the population. As this was a topic that neither of the big two parties debated at any length, the SDF focussed their campaign literature on workplace safety, reforms to public healthcare, and support for the trade unions, as well as being loud in their condemnation of wars, either those of 'imperial aggrandizement' in the case of the Unionists, or 'European busybodying' in the case of the Liberals. In the 1960s and 70s, they successfully courted populist sentiment, adopting different styles of rhetoric when in different parts of the country. They fought where they could win and built up a heady level of support, such that in the late 70s, the country was faced with a very hung parliament indeed.
This was nothing new. Liberal governments had long grown accustomed to working with the Irish Parliamentary Party or whichever faction seemed cleaner when that party went through it's periodic phases of purging corruption or splitting over some issue or another. The Unionists on the other hand, had only had the displeasure of courting a partner twice since the turn of the century, the first upon their formation when the Conservatives and Liberal Unionists danced together, and again in the 1940s when the Unionists and Liberals had come together in the name of national unity to fight the Fu Dynasty of China. Now though, there was no potentially earth-shattering crisis. There was simply the parliamentary arithmetic that the Unionists were the largest party, but that they did not have a majority.
What happened at first was that the Unionist tried to go it alone. Their then leader Stafford Throckmorton could not countenance working with either the Irish nationalists or the socialists. His minority government managed a year before a confidence motion which the government failed. A weaker Liberal minority government ensued which managed three years with support from the IPP before it fell apart. The Unionists had since selected a new leader, more pragmatic than the arch-traditionalist Throckmorton. Burley treated with the SDF and with their support was able to command a majority. The two parties enjoyed a honeymoon and Burley sought to secure the greatest possible advantage by asking the King to dissolve Parliament.
The result was a boom for the Social Democrats, and while the Unionists made modest gains, the coalition continued. It was this longer period of Coalition that spelled doom for the SDF. Now they were forced to put their ideals to the test, and they were found wanting. First they had to deal with the costly intervention in Argentina, then they had to support Unionist plans for altered tariffs, and their own plans for slum clearances and new housing projects were put on the backburner. Max Harrison, once one of the country's most popular politicians now found himself it's most reviled. At best, he was the punchline for a sordid joke, at worst he was burned in effigy in Birmingham's streets. Most controversially the Unionist-SDF Coalition passed a National Hygienic Act that introduced compulsory sterilisation in Britain's prisons, introduced payments to the female tenants of workhouses that lasted only for as long as they did not become pregnant (and financial incentives for male tenants to undergo voluntary sterilisation), and compelled vagrants to register at their nearest workhouse or face imprisonment.
In 1988, amidst a stable economy, the SDF was burned back. While they lost several seats to the Liberals, it was a new force in British politics which arose to replace them in many urban areas. The British Workers' Party was socialist, but that was where the similarity ended. While the SDF had shrunk away from war, the BWP loudly banged the drum of jingoism. They were more radical in their support for the industrial unions. And they were firmly opposed to the National Hygienic Acts, condemning them as human butchery that made cattle of men.
In 1992, Burley's government lost it's majority, largely due to increasing controversy over the extension of the occupation of parts of Argentina combined with a simultaneous intervention in China that heightened tensions with Berlin. Burley's attempt to pass a Temperance Act also went down poorly in both Parliament and the wider country. Phillipa Rose was able to cobble together a majority with the IPP and the truncated SDF. Over the last three years, she has pulled troops out of Argentina, but has brought Britain closer to the Latin Entente which has not helped relations with the German Empire. The lowering of tariffs and attempts to peg the pound to a fixed rate with the Latin franc has seen the economy and public spending shrink and the cost of living has risen. The IPP is suffering one of her periods of internal tension, though it has not come to a split yet. Nevertheless, the impending split cost the government a crucial vote which led to Rose deciding to dissolve parliament and seek a renewed mandate. The SDF's polling is risible, while the BWP are biting at the Liberal's flanks. While it looks like the Unionists may win the most seats, the choice of partners has shrunk considerably, it will either be socialists of the BWP who want nationalisation of workhouses and heavy industry and the abolition of National Hygiene, or the IPP whose current instability will make them a fairweather friend at best.
Basically what happened was that the Boer War goes slightly differently, the Labour Representation Committee never manages to create a united socialist party, and the 'Liberal-Labour' tendency eventually absorbed the Marxists of the SDF and takes their name. The British Workers' Party are basically Robert Blatchford socialists and have been around for donkeys years before they get their chance to shine in the 80s. WW1 never happens, Irish Home Rule happens under different circumstances that results in regional devolution.
I'm surprised that the IPP wouldn't eventually push for independence, still I love this.
Their virtually unchallenged dominance of Irish politics mean they become a sort of ANC-esque dominant party, with few firm principles. Their only challengers outside Ulster are their own splitters.
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