List of Alternate Presidents and PMs II

[big-click]

Worsergate

1968-1971: Richard Nixon / Spiro Agnew (Republican)
def. 1968 Hubert Humphrey / Edmund Muskie (Democratic), George Wallace / Curtis LeMay (American Independent)
1971: Richard Nixon (Republican) / vacant
1971-1974: Richard Nixon / John Connally (Republican)
def. 1972 George McGovern / Kevin White (Democratic)
1974-1975: John Connally (Republican) / vacant
1975-1977: John Connally / Bob Dole (Republican)
1977-1981: Frank Church / John Glenn (Democratic)
def. 1976 Daniel J. Evans / Kit Bond (Republican)
1981-1985: Frank Church / Les Aspin (Democratic)
def. 1980 James Holshouser / Alan Simpson (Republican), Jerry Brown / Ron Paul (New Millennium)
1985-1989: Les Aspin / Jim Hunt (Democratic)
def. 1984 Bill Roth / Vic Atiyeh (Republican)
1989-0000: Ed Meese / Al D’Amato (Republican)
def. 1988 Les Aspin / Jim Hunt (Democratic)

Inspired by that Worst-Case Watergate thread from a few days ago. Here's how I thought it might go.

Agnew’s corruption comes to light earlier and he’s replaced in December 1971. The scandal provides a boost to the Democrats, and the Plumbers are given even more leeway to fight them. They make a fatal mistake in April 1972. Intending to humiliate columnist Jack Anderson, a White House operative slips him a large dose of LSD at a dinner party. Anderson becomes disoriented and frightened on his drive home, loses control of his car, and collides head-on with another vehicle. Several people are killed. Anderson survives and insists to police that he must have been drugged. The incident remains unexplained until the events of Watergate begin to unfold; when it becomes clear that the Nixon administration’s shenanigans were responsible for real death and disaster and that the President might have tried to cover up the drugging of a political opponent, the backlash is even more intense than IOTL. Shortly after Nixon’s resignation and Connally’s accession, the new president’s own scandal emerges, with allegations that he was bribed by the dairy lobby to fix milk prices during his tenure as Treasury Secretary.

Connally isn’t impeached over the milk case – the evidence is inconclusive and people want at least a little bit of stability in government – but he serves out his term as a lame duck while Nixon’s criminal trial drags on and White House officials receive lengthy prison terms for manslaughter. He can make no domestic policy and is essentially forced to appoint the harmless Bob Dole (unseated in the 1974 midterms) as VP. In 1976 the Republicans put up known Nixon-hater Daniel Evans to stem the landslide, but Frank Church – crusader against the Imperial Presidency – wins in a walk.

The Democrats, despite their supermajorities in both houses of Congress, are soon faced with a few problems of their own. Church is an old-school Western liberal, but most of the new intake in Congress are neoliberal, clean-government Watergate Babies. They cooperate on reining in the executive branch, passing almost all war-making and intelligence powers to Congress, and on some signature social issues such as the Equal Rights Amendment and DC statehood. But on the economy, a new cross-party Conservative Coalition becomes dominant as the stagflation crisis drags on. Church is re-elected with a significantly reduced majority, and is forced to replace Vice President Glenn with one of the House’s leading young technocrats after a minor lobbying scandal.

Les Aspin succeeds in 1984 by channeling the libertarian Brown campaign of the previous cycle and running almost as much against his President as against his Republican opponents. America, however, is getting sick of a bipartisan post-Watergate consensus of small, squeaky-clean government. In 1989, the Republicans resurrect themselves with Ed Meese’s promise that the nation will no longer have to suffer for Richard Nixon’s sins.

 

[Major Crimson]

[1] When the members of the Green Ribbon Club, who had for some years been plotting the deposition of James II, learned that they had a traitor among them their plans were rapidly accelerated. Raising an army of volunteers they marched on Westminster in May 1683 and, with the coward King James fleeing the city for Paris, set up a new English and Scottish Commonwealth. The Duke of Monmouth commanded this army, having raised more than half of it himself and despite his own claims to the throne, was persuaded to support a republican government by the rest of the Club. When James returned in July with an army consisting of loyalists and French soldiers, Monmouth forged his volunteer forced into the second New Model Army and was appointed Lord Protector as well as Supreme General of the Commonwealth Forces. Monmouth routed the exiled King at the Battle of Christmas Day and James, captured, was forced to sign away his titles, acknowledge the new state and was eventually publicly shamed. As a few minor rebellions flared up Monmouth remained in place for a further two years in order to ensure stability but readily handed the reigns of power to civilian leaders once his time was up.

[2] Robert West is an oft forgotten leader in early Commonwealth politics, sandwiched awkwardly between the military hero Monmouth and the Father of the Nation that followed him, he is none the less greatly respected by historians and generally ranked very favourably. West ensured the passing of the Commonwealth Constitution Bill through Parliament which entitled the new government to make "emergency and essential" reforms to the new government, passing early land reform to take all crown estates and some lordly holdings into common ownership, he was able to narrowly avoid war with France but his greatest achievement is likely holding together the various factions of the rebels in the early years. Consisting of everything from hardline, anti-catholic Protestants to Leveller radicals to Presbyterian dissident ministers, the coalition was broad. Nevertheless, West was able to satisfy the demands of all factions whilst himself holding the loyalty of the two "Green" parties, the Levellers and the more radical, doctrinarian Green Ribbon. The office wore on West's health however and, satisfied that the Magnificent Revolution was safe, handed over to his friend and ally John Locke.

[3] Locke is uniquely revered within the relatively cynical Albionic nation. The true father of the commonwealth, Locke penned the vast majority of the Commonwealth's new constitution act and whilst deliberately preserving the "unwritten constitution" his Commonwealth Constitution Act of 1688 remains the most significant piece of constitutional legislation ever passed in the Commonwealth. Ever dramatic, Locke christened the new Commonwealth as "Albion", calling for a mythical name for his ambitious project. He created the new Chambers of Assembly consisting of the non-partisan High Assembly and partisan Commonman Assembly which represented the interests of both Lords and the Church and the People, respectively. Locke's newly established position of High Speaker (appointed by members of both Chambers of Assembly) made him Head of State as well as Speaker in both Houses. The franchise was extended to all those who were literate and held any amount of land, which was most adult men following his land and educational policies. Locke's ideas of liberalism slowly began to merge with the egalitarian and interventionist thoughts of the Levellers and a policy of Westite-Lockean Economics (OTL Georgism mixed with Locke's ideas of ownership via working the land) was instituted, with all land held by the government on behalf of the people but often loaned "indefinitely" to peasant farmers. If you could work it, you could own it. Locke also established the basis of Albion's Enlightened Childe program of state-funded and mandated Sunday school education. This, along with the governmental support of printing press expansion, rapidly made Albion the most literate country in Europe and possibly the world. War with France, avoided under West, proved inevitable as Britain was dragged into the Ten Years War. Their victory in North America, winning them Louisiana, Ohio and Arcadia whilst selling Rupert's Land to the French, was compounded by a Dutch-German route of French forces in Europe. The resultant Anglo-Dutch alliance or "Sisterhood of Republics" would be expanded over the coming decades and even centuries and remains the world's oldest alliance. The Commonwealth's victory abroad and success at home ensured Locke was an unbeatable High Speaker, only the splitting of radical Levellers off into the "Digger" faction (who were dismayed at Locke's moderation in the face of the High Assembly) and the resultant Commonwealthmen Party allowed for a genuine opposition to emerge. Locke's debates with close friend but political rival John Trenchard are famous and would set the stage for a series of tense political rivalries between the Speaker and Leader of the Opposition in the coming centuries. Toward the end of Locke's tenure, he focused on more controversial aspects of his beliefs and attempted to further the rights and political engagement of women as well as further emancipation of minority religions, affording Catholics some of the rights that they were stripped of following the revolution. This led to a general decline in Leveller popularity though Locke remained a national hero. Eventually, the strains of office became too much and Locke died of a heart attack in May 1703, almost exactly 20 years after the deposition of King James. Whilst the Levellers would struggle in the years following his death, Locke had established a party and movement that consistently remains Albion's "natural ruling party". The Commonwealth was born from his mind and he remains its greatest hero, it is not unusual even today for boys to be given the first name "Locke".

[4] Churchill was a student and admirer of Locke and historians generally believe him to be competent in his own right. His ideas for more radical electoral reform, however, worried some parts of the electorate and this fear, combined with a general feeling of exhaustion with Leveller victories in the past eight elections led to a relatively new, moderate opposition taking over.

[5] David Leslie was Albion's first Whig High Speaker. Whilst Trenchard's Commonwealthmen had formed the main opposition under Locke, Trenchard himself stepped back from frontline politics in 1700 and under Walter Moyle the Commonwealthmen succumbed to infighting and disunity. This allowed the moderate and centrist Whigs, a splinter of the hard-right Old Protectors (made up almost entirely of old supporters of the Cromwellian Protectorate and in favour of reestablishing said old order) who adopted the old tenants of Whiggism and moderate liberalism, to take the High Speaker's chair. Leslie was a moderate in all things, largely in favour of the political and economic status quo he lowered taxes and allowed for greater accumulation of land under the most successful farmers. He was also a proponent of free trade, signing treaties with the Dutch, Portuguese and even the French that brought boons to the Albionic economy. Thanks to the reforms started by Locke, it was under Leslie's Speakership that the first industrial revolution slowly began to take shape and minor potteries popped up across the nation. The economy boomed and this, combined with Leslie's non-interventionist stance abroad led to an explosion of banks and corporations within the Commonwealth. Despite this, however, Leslie was forced into cooperation with the Godly Party and even some moderate Protectors in his second term as the resurgent Diggers and still-powerful Levellers turned his majority in the Assembly into a minority. With cooperation between the Levellers and Diggers mounting in the face of the 1708 election, it seems that Leslie's Whig might be pushed back to the opposition benches sooner rather than later...

[6] The return of the younger Cromwell to Commonwealth politics was unexpected but he seemed to have matured in exile and, riding on the coattails of his father, kept the Protectors a united and powerful force in the face of moderate opposition. Some fear that he will make a mad dash for power but for now Richard Cromwell is content to wait, building a true conservative opposition and setting up the conditions neccessary for a return to autocracy...

Now with massive footnotes!

I should really just turn this into a full blown TL tbh.

 

[Aaaaasima]

A Different Fifth Party System

This list deserves a lot more likes.

Are you planning on continuing this?

 

[Heliogabalus]

This list deserves a lot more likes.

Are you planning on continuing this?

Thanks!

While there'd be plenty of interesting things to explore in the 60s and beyond, I don't think I have the creative energy to continue it anytime soon.

 

[Asami]

A WIP that I'm in the middle of doing, jumping on the "17th c. Britain" train, I guess.

King of England, Scotland and Ireland (1660-1704)
King of Great Britain and Ireland (1704-)
1660 - 1685: Charles II (Stuart)

King Charles II was restored to the throne after the collapse of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. His liveliness and hedonism lead him to dying at the age of 54, and the continued degeneration of the public support for the Stuart dynasty as it existed. After his death, his brother, James, became King.​

1685: James II & VII (Stuart)

King James II & VII of England, Scotland and Ireland was deposed by his nephew, James, the Duke of Monmouth, in 1685 after an upstart Protestant rebellion. With anti-Catholic terror gripping the fields of England once more, James II was executed in 1687.​

1685 - 1711: James III & VIII (Stuart)

King James III & VIII came to power in a bloody rebellion that opposed the Roman Catholicism of the previous monarchs. During his reign, he established the first instances of modern democracy in the English territories; beginning with the establishment of the office of Lord Adviser in 1691 in the three respective realms of the state. In 1704, the Act of Union unified the English and Scottish crowns together to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, at which time the office of Lord Adviser was consolidated into one unitary office; with Ireland's remaining temporarily independent as a separate crown realm. He expired in 1711 at age 62. He was succeeded by his son, George.​

1711 - 1743: George I (Stuart)

King George I ascended to the throne at the young age of twenty-one. During his reign, his father's democratic institutions were further entrenched. While the King remained a relatively uncontroversial figure, the escapades and negative attention of his rapacious and cavorting brother, Prince Charles, did little to enhance the still fragile image of the monarchy. During his reign, Britain engaged itself in further conflict overseas, primarily against Indian tribes in the West and East; and strengthened her ties to Protestant and Orthodox monarchies in the European region. He passed away at age 53, leaving the throne to his son Henry.​

1743 - 1774: Henry IX & I (Stuart)

King Henry IX & I ascended to the throne at 35 years old. Much more reserved, conservative and economically austere than his father and other members of the family, he focused his efforts during his reign on ending the wars in Europe, and the wars in the Americas--and addressing the mounting grievances of the Colonies. After receiving petitions of grievances from his American subjects, Henry IX worked with members of Parliament to implement reforms to strengthen the Colonies' standing within the Kingdom, and alleviate their concerns and fears. His death was marked with mourning on both sides of the Atlantic, and his successor was heavily dedicated to fulfilling the same end-goal.​

1774 - 1810: James IV & IX (Stuart)

King James IV came to the throne at the age of thirty-six; and was molded by his father and the leadership of the day. He continued his father's efforts to cultivate a greater tie between the Colonies, the British Isles, and the farthest flung corners of the Royal demesne. However, during his reign, yet another war erupted in Europe, this time between the Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of France over mercantile rights, and infringement of fisheries by French sailors on Spanish waters. In the interest of preserving balance, Britain and Prussia aligned against Austria and Spain to ensure the continuity of the status quo; therefore allying with France. He died in 1810.​

1810 - 1813: George II (Stuart)

The second Stuart King to bear the name George; George II's reign was marked with controversy from the get-go. The 43 year old King was already showing signs of mental decline, and his closest councilors were very willing to enforce and override the democratic institutions of state to suit their interests. After allegations arose of the King's signature being forged on several documents of state (Benson Affair), the King was forced to abdicate his throne in 1813 to his brother, Prince Henry. (Instrument of Royal Abdication, 1813)​

1813 - 1822: Henry X & II (Stuart)

The brother of King George II (and son of James IV & IX) was a far more capable administrator. While still quite controversial for his dandy nature, the King took his job reasonably seriously, and with some help from his Privy Councilors and Lord Adviser, took an affinity to charitable organizations, such as starting the King's Scholar Fund for lower-class peoples who sought to aspire to higher-class ambitions like the arts and engineering. He died in 1822 of pneumonia at age 53.​

1822 - 1870: Charles III (Stuart)

Much like his grandfather and great-grandfather, Charles III was a dour, conservative man who took his job incredibly seriously. While more philanthropic than his austere forebears, Charles III was known for his cutting down on royal excess, and looking unfavorably on members of the Royal Family whose expenses were beyond the pale of a common-man. Often termed the "Peasant King", Charles III lived a life much like most of his subjects. His exploits were later written into legend by famous British authors, most notably in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Albert Quinn novels, where Quinn is made to have audience with the King, and comments on the King's austere nature. The King died in 1870 at age 73, leaving behind an Empire much wealthier than he inherited.​

1870 - 1913: James V & X (Stuart)

The fifth King James of England; and the tenth of Scotland, ruled over the Empire in transition as many of the larger colonies, primarily the American ones, were spun off into their own realm with full governing rights (Philadelphia Treaty of 1901). It was also during this time that the Ottoman Empire's Balkan territories were finally partitioned out--with Royal Hungary finally being rejoined with that of the Austrian Crown after generations of partial-occupation. Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Albania, Macedonia and Greece also gained their independence from the teetering Turkish giant. Like his father before him, austerity was key amongst the Royal Family, but Britain's wealth grew even more as colonial ventures finally returned net revenue to the Crown that had been taken for years to cultivate it in Africa. He passed away peacefully in 1913, leaving the crown to his troubled son, Edward.
​

Lord Adviser of England (1690-1704)

1690 - 1696: Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville (Greyite) [1]

1690 def.: John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (Jacobite); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1693 def.: John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)​

1696 - 1704: Nathaniel Wade (Unitarian) [2]

1696 def.: Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset (Greyite); John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1699 def.: Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Greyite); John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1702 def.: Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Greyite); Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley (Churchillian); Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (Royalist)
​

[1] A major supporter of King James III; was initially planned to be Lord Adviser by default, but the King's insistence on democratic elections drew some annoyance from the Earl of Tankerville. However, the Earl did win against the Churchillians, Jacobites and Royalists. Under his tenure as LA, the Jacobite Party was forced into the underground, democratic rights were expanded, and the Royal Family (and the Government) became patrons to many new artists and playwrights.

[2] The first commoner to lead England's government, Nathaniel Wade presided over England during the establishment of the Act of Union in 1704, which ended Scotland's own 'Lord Adviser' position. Holding to collectivist ideas, Wade had many ideas for expanding the power of the agricultural worker, and ending religious control over day-to-day life.

​

Lord Adviser of Scotland (1690-1704)

1690 - 1699: Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll (Preservationist)
1690 def.: unopposed
1693 def.: unopposed
1696 def.: Robert Ferguson (Unionist); Andrew Fletcher (Moralist)
1699 - 1704: Robert Ferguson (Unionist)
1699 def.: Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll (Preservationist)
1702 def.: John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll (Scottish Royalist)

Lord Adviser of Great Britain (1704-)

1704: Nathaniel Wade (Unitarian)
1704 - 1710: Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Earl of Dysart (Churchillian)
1704 def.: Nathaniel Wade (Unitarian); Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Greyite); John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll (New Preservationist); Robert Ferguson (Unionist);
1707 def.: Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Centralist); Nathaniel Wade (Unitarian)
1710 - 1720: Henri de Massue, Earl of Galway (Centralist)
1710 def.: Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Earl of Dysart (Confederalist); Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland (Unitarian)
1713 def.: John Churchill, Marquess of Blandford (Confederalist); Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland (Unitarian)
1716 def.:
1719 def.:

Lord Adviser of Ireland (1690-)

1690 - 1696: (Catholic Charter)
1696 - 1708: (Protestant Charter)

King's Minister to the American Colonies (1771-1836)
King's Minister to the American Counties (1836-1870)
Royal Minister for the American Provinces (1870-1901)
Prime Minister of the Royal Dominion of America (1901-)

1771 - 1774: Thomas Hutchinson (Loyalist Caucus)
1771 def.: ran unopposed
1774 - 1780: Benjamin Franklin (Federalist)
1774 def.: Thomas Hutchinson (Loyalist Caucus), James Wright (Devolutionist)
1777 def.: Joseph Galloway (Loyalist Caucus), James Wright (Devolutionist)
1780 - 1783: Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland (Loyalist Caucus)
1780 def.: George Wythe (Federalist)
1783 - 1792: Edmund Pendleton, 1st Earl of Caroline (Federalist)
1783 def.: John Augustine Washington (Loyalist Caucus), Elbridge Gerry (Gerrymander Caucus)
1786 def.: Sir George Clinton, 1st Earl of New Windsor (Loyalist Caucus)
1789 def.: Rev. Jonathan Boucher (Loyalist and Moralist Caucus)
1792 - 1798: William Byron, 5th Baron Byron (Loyalist Caucus)*
1792 def.: Edmund Pendelton, 1st Earl of Caroline (Federalist), Aaron Burr (Maritime Caucus)
1795 def.: John Tayler (Federalist), Elbridge Gerry (Maritime and Gerrymander Caucus)
1798: Shearjashub Bourne (Loyalist Caucus)
1798 - 1807: DeWitt Clinton (Federalist)
1798 def.: Ebenezer Mattoon (Loyalist Caucus), Alexander Hamilton (Maritime Caucus), Elbridge Gerry (Gerrymander Caucus)
1801 def.: Alexander Hamilton (Peace Loyalist), Daniel D. Tompkins (War Loyalist)
1804 def.: Alexander Hamilton (Peace Loyalist), Daniel D. Tompkins (War Loyalist)
1807 - 1809: Daniel D. Tompkins (War Loyalist)
1807 def.:
1809 - 1811: William Williams, 1st Earl of Lebanon (Loyalist)
1809 def.:
1811 - 1817:
1811 def.
1814 def.

 

[Major Crimson]

A brief WIP that I'm in the middle of doing, jumping on the "17th c. Britain" train, I guess.

Very cool, continuing Stuarts are always really interesting but seem oddly neglected as a POD. I like the specific nods to keeping the colonies in the union too, seems like something a lot of Kings other than George would have gone for.

I was wondering what some of the parties were like, particularly the Churchillian one?

 

[Asami]

I was wondering what some of the parties were like, particularly the Churchillian one?

I'm conceptualizing it, but I see the Churchillians as a mayweather 'whatever opportunity for the most power offers itself up' and is less of a political party than more of a parliamentary vehicle for patronage for the Earl of Winchester. I have to find more concrete ideological beliefs, maybe proto-conservatism and the concept of maintaining 'status quo'; opposing expansion of enfranchisement while maintaining a strong military. I suppose you could see them as Federalists, in a sense.

The Greyites are... large patrons of the Arts, and very ardent Protestant loyalists; and supporters of progress.

Unitarians... proto-Socialists, along the lines of early 'Imperial Socialism'? Large support amongst agrarian types for efforts to relieve the burden on farmers and expand government support for small industry and those who till the fields. Jeffersonian Republicans, in a way.

 

[Brundlefly]

Leaders of the Executive Council of the Bavarian Soviet Republic:

1919-1919: Ernst Niekisch (USPD)
1919-1924: Eugen Leviné (KPD) [1]
1921 def. Erich Mühsam (KPD-VRI), Ernst Toller (USPD)
1924-1937: Rudolf Egelhofer (KPD) [2]
1937-1951: Heinrich Schmitt (KPD) [3]
1951-1970: Albert Buchmann (KPD-M) [4]
1970-1977: Herbert Wehner (KPD-M) [5]
1974 def. Anton Donhauser (Christian Socialist), Richard Scheringer (RFB Veterans), Andreas Baader (Revolutionary Communist Front)

First Secretaries of the Executive Council of the Free Socialist City-State of Munich:

1977-1984: Herbert Wehner (KPM-RFB Veterans-Christian Socialist people's front) [6]
1979 def. Hans Scholl (Christian Socialist), Fritz Teufel (Revolutionary Communist Front), Gert Bastian (RFB Veterans)
1984-1994: Claus Schreer (KPM-RFB Veterans unity front) [7]
1984 def. Christoph Probst (Christian Socialist), Fritz Teufel (Revolutionary Communist Front), Paul Breitner (Reform), Gert Bastian (RFB Veterans), Petra Kelly (Comrades for Peace)
1989 def. Paul Breitner (Reform-Christian Socialist Coupon), Petra Kelly (Comrades for Peace), Gert Bastian (RFB Veterans)
1994-2004: Harald Weinberg (KPM) [8]
1994 def. Petra Kelly (Comrades for Peace), Paul Breitner (Democratic Socialist), Uschi Obermaier (Anti-Imperialist Front)
1999 def. Christian Ude (Democratic Socialist), Ulrike Windsperger (Comrades for Peace), Çetin Oraner (Anti-Imperialist Front)
2004-2014: Klaus Ernst (KPM-Democratic Socialist unity front) [9]
2004 def. Christian Ude (Democratic Socialist), Ulrike Windsperger (Comrades for Peace), Çetin Oraner (Anti-Imperialist Front)
2009 def. Gerald Häfner (Comrades for Peace), Brigitte Wolf (Democratic Socialist), Kerem Schamberger (Anti-Imperialist Front), Barbara Streidl (Independent Women's League)
2014- : Eva Bulling-Schröter (KPM-Democratic Socialist unity front) [10]
def. Gerald Häfner (Comrades for Peace), Dominik Lehmann (Democratic Socialist), Meredith Haaf (Independent Women's League), Nicole Gohlke (Anti-Imperialist Front)

[1] Having fought off several coup d'etat attempts from right-wing militias (partially backed by German republican forces), the Bavarian Soviet Republic maintained its presence in Munich, receiving military and financial support from Soviet Russia and the Hungarian Soviet Republic. While differenct factions were still allowed for the 1921 council elections, the Bavarian section of the party sooned switched to strict Leninist principles. Soviet Russia immideately recognised the Republic as "Soviet Germany", whereas the Bavarian government-in-exile (or, as it soon became known, the "Augsburg government") was seen as the legitimate Bavarian state of the German republic.

[2] Now solely confined to Munich, the revolutionary council was in constant fear of invasions either by the Augsburg government or the Reichswehr. A faction fight emerged on the correct position on the relationship with the German national KPD. In those faction fights, Leviné sided with the ultra-leftist Fischer-Maslow faction, which wanted to use Munich as the base for overthrowing the Berlin government. Rudolf Egelhofer, leader of the official Bavarian Red Front, was unwilling to cooperate with this plan, as he found that his troops weren't ready for such a megalomaniac plan. In an inner-party coup, Leviné was removed with the help of the Red Front. During Egelhofer's tenure, the Bavarian KPD became more and more estranged with the official German KPD. While the Bavarian Republic relied on support from Moscow, the German KPD soon became more and more independent. To counter new attacks by right-wing Bavarian militias, Egelhofer practically implemented a military regime.

[3] In 1937, the Soviet trials finally reached Munich. Egelhofer was identified as having Trotskyite-Bucharinite leanings and "disappeared" during a trip to Moscow. Under the new leader Heinrich Schmitt, the Stalinist period of the Bavarian Councils Republic began. Any opposition was outlawed, and many party members were purged mostly for being "Levi-ites" (i.e. followers of Paul Levi, leader of the German KPD) or Trotskyites. Having lost the support from the German party, and with the Soviet Union as its sole ally, the Soviet Republic entered a period of extreme isolationism. Following a large-scale brain drain of the old city's elites, borders were strictly controlled, making it almost impossible the leave Munich. Throughout the 1940s, the city was basically cut off from the outside world and abandoned its former internationalist outlook for a strict Bavarian-only policy.

[4] The first years of the Buchmann era were largely a continuation of the isolationist policy of the 1940s. However, with severe economic problems and casual famines hitting the city hard (only being tempered by financial injections from the Soviet Union), the council decided to re-position itself on the international stage. The first step was an official ceasefire agreement with the German Republic. The governing party renamed itself into the Communist Party of Germany - Munich Section (KPD-M), thereby stressing its independence and officially promising not to meddle in German affairs. In interior policy, Buchmann also tried to build a new identity. In order to promote immigration of wealthy Bavarians of the surrounding areas, a new national policy was initiated, linking the legacy of the 1919 revolution to the Bavarian peasants' uprising of 1705/06 and historical rulers like Ludwig II. Border controls were loosened, leading to a growing influx of tourists and family reunions. The culmination of this re-interpretation of recent Bavarian history was the 50th anniversary celebration of the revolution in 1969. However, the Buchmann era also witnessed a rise in terrorist groups of various kinds. Most of them they were carried out by the right-wing, ultra-Catholic Order of the Virgin Mary (rumoured to be supported by the Augsburg government), and militant neo-pagan cults with roots in the 1920s militias. There also was a small circle of anarcho-syndicalist left-wing terrorist groups, who openly called into question the policy of harmonisation with the German republic under Buchmann.

[5] Heavily influenced by the Eurocommunism, new party secretary-general Herbert Wehner gradually restored inner-party democracy. For the first time in five decades, new factions were allowed. Wehner also initiated council elections, albeit on the base that the executive leadership had a final verdict on the parties. Therefore, only parties with a commitment to the principles of the 1919 revolution were allowed to participate. Starting with the 1974 elections, the executive council would be replaced by the less hierarchical position of the First Secretary, which would be rotated every ten years. For the first council elections, three factions were allowed: the Christian Socialists, who combined their version of socialism with a strong Bavarian national heritage, anti-Prussian sentiments and a close affinity to Southern European Eurocommunists (thereby also keeping the core principles of Munich independence alive); the RFB (Red Front) veterans were mostly elder military men with vivid memories of the founding struggles of the 1920s; and finally, the ultra-left Revolutionary Communist Front, originally designed by the council leaders as both a faux-radical opposition (but in reality supporting government policy indirectly by suggesting that the measures of the council didn't go far enough) and an effort by the regime to speak to a younger, radical generation who demanded radical reforms. The latter, though, would soon develop into a radical group of its own.

[6] After renouncing any revolutionary ambitions outside the city of Munich, Wehner made an official peace treaty with the Republic. In order to gain more international recognition, the Bavarian Soviet Republic now became officially known as the Free Socialist City-State of Munich. Meanwhile, the Revolutionary Communist Front were making more and more demands over the control of the councils. Rumours emerged that they were about to stage a coup. As a counter-measure to growing influence of the Revolutionary Communist Front - who, as was soon to be found out, had links to several terrorist groups - Wehner formed a people's front government that included commissioners from the Christian Socialists and the RFB veterans. The model was seen as a success and retained after the 1979 council elections.

[7] As the Christian Socialists were making more demands on reforming the strictly atheist founding principles, new first secretary Schreer (who took over from Wehner after the 1984 council elections) ended the people's front. His leadership was marked by a more technocratic approach: he gradually introduced free-market reforms and initiated an urban renewal program, including the building of several council high-rise estates in the outskirts of the city and an underground railway line. He also incorporated the RFB veterans fully into the KPM. The 1980s also saw the growing popularity of the new Reform Party, made up of dissident Marxists closely allied to the German KPD. Following the 1987 bombing in Schwabing (carried out by a group with personal links to the Revolutionary Communist Front), Schreer banned the Revolutionary Communist Front altogether, initiated purges against suspected "sympathisers" and large-scale city surveillance - a move criticised by the Comrades for Peace (another new faction largely catering to the urban professionals) as being "neo-authoritarian".

[8] The 1994 council election saw the unification of Christian socialists, Marxist dissidents and activists calling for more democratic control over the councils into a big-tent reformist party, now called Democratic Socialists. Many former activists and council members of the old Revolutionary Communist Front formed the Anti-Imperialist Front, basically a re-vamped, moderate edition of the former party, still calling for radical reforms, but sticking to a peaceful process. Under the Harald Weinberg, the Free City-State finally entered the League of Nations in 1997.

[9] By now, the Democratic Socialists had emerged as the biggest party. In order to still maintain revolutionary principles of the Soviet Republic, the KPM insisted on leading the next government, but formed a unity front with the Democratic Socialists. It was continued in 2009, despite the Comrades for Peace now having gained the most votes.

[10] The nomination of Bulling-Schröter in 2014 was partially a reaction to the challenge imposed by a new faction in the council: the Independent Women's League, who criticised the unuttered sexism of the KPM. Mostly siding with the Comrades for Peace, they spoke to younger people with a more down-to-earth message, also criticising the erratic town planning schemes of the unity front.

 

[Comisario]

1997-2007: Tony Blair (Labour majority)
1997: John Major (Conservative), Paddy Ashdown (Liberal Democrat)
2001: William Hague (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrat)
2005: Michael Howard (Conservative), Charles Kennedy (Liberal Democrat)
2007-2010: Gordon Brown (Labour majority)
2010-2015: David Cameron (Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition)
2010: Gordon Brown (Labour), Nick Clegg (Liberal Democrat)
2015-2017: Ed Miliband (Labour minority with SDLP and Liberal Democrat confidence and supply)
2015: David Cameron (Conservative), Nicola Sturgeon (SNP), Nick Clegg (Liberal Democrat), Nigel Farage (UKIP)
2017-2017: Ed Miliband (Labour minority with SNP confidence and supply)
2017: Peter Bone (Conservative), Nicola Sturgeon (SNP), Norman Lamb (Liberal Democrat), Suzanne Evans (UKIP)
2017-2018: Andy Burnham (Labour minority with SNP confidence and supply)
2018-2020: Peter Bone (Conservative majority)
2018: Andy Burnham (Labour), Nicola Sturgeon (SNP), Norman Lamb (Liberal Democrat)
2020-2025: Andrew Rosindell (Conservative majority)
2022: Emily Thornberry (Labour), Anna Soubry ('Remain' Conservative), Jo Swinson (Liberal Democrat), Derek Mackay (SNP)
2025-2026: Andrew Rosindell (Conservative minority with DUP confidence and supply)
2026-2027: Esther McVey (Conservative minority with DUP confidence and supply)
2027-2030: Will Straw (Democratic minority with SDLP confidence and supply)
2027: Esther McVey (British Alliance), Stevie Manion (Devolution First), Derek Mackay (SNP), Nick Hurd ('Independent' Conservative)
2030-2030: Anas Sarwar (Democratic minority with SDLP confidence and supply)
2030-: Steven Winstone (British Alliance majority)
2030: Anas Sarwar (Democratic), Stevie Manion (Devolution First), Kingslee James Daley (People Power), Derek Mackay (SNP)

 

[Asami]

A brief WIP that I'm in the middle of doing, jumping on the "17th c. Britain" train, I guess.

King of England, Scotland and Ireland (1660-1704)
King of Great Britain and Ireland (1704-)
1660 - 1685: Charles II (Stuart)

King Charles II was restored to the throne after the collapse of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. His liveliness and hedonism lead him to dying at the age of 54, and the continued degeneration of the public support for the Stuart dynasty as it existed. After his death, his brother, James, became King.​

1685: James II & VII (Stuart)

King James II & VII of England, Scotland and Ireland was deposed by his nephew, James, the Duke of Monmouth, in 1685 after an upstart Protestant rebellion. With anti-Catholic terror gripping the fields of England once more, James II was executed in 1687.​

1685 - 1711: James III & VIII (Stuart)

King James III & VIII came to power in a bloody rebellion that opposed the Roman Catholicism of the previous monarchs. During his reign, he established the first instances of modern democracy in the English territories; beginning with the establishment of the office of Lord Adviser in 1691 in the three respective realms of the state. In 1704, the Act of Union unified the English and Scottish crowns together to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, at which time the office of Lord Adviser was consolidated into one unitary office; with Ireland's remaining temporarily independent as a separate crown realm. He expired in 1711 at age 62. He was succeeded by his son, George.​

1711 - 1743: George I (Stuart)

King George I ascended to the throne at the young age of twenty-one. During his reign, his father's democratic institutions were further entrenched. While the King remained a relatively uncontroversial figure, the escapades and negative attention of his rapacious and cavorting brother, Prince Charles, did little to enhance the still fragile image of the monarchy. During his reign, Britain engaged itself in further conflict overseas, primarily against Indian tribes in the West and East; and strengthened her ties to Protestant and Orthodox monarchies in the European region. He passed away at age 53, leaving the throne to his son Henry.​

1743 - 1774: Henry IX & I (Stuart)

King Henry IX & I ascended to the throne at 35 years old. Much more reserved, conservative and economically austere than his father and other members of the family, he focused his efforts during his reign on ending the wars in Europe, and the wars in the Americas--and addressing the mounting grievances of the Colonies. After receiving petitions of grievances from his American subjects, Henry IX worked with members of Parliament to implement reforms to strengthen the Colonies' standing within the Kingdom, and alleviate their concerns and fears. His death was marked with mourning on both sides of the Atlantic, and his successor was heavily dedicated to fulfilling the same end-goal.​

1774 - 1810: James IV & IX (Stuart)

King James IV came to the throne at the age of thirty-six; and was molded by his father and the leadership of the day. He continued his father's efforts to cultivate a greater tie between the Colonies, the British Isles, and the farthest flung corners of the Royal demesne. However, during his reign, yet another war erupted in Europe, this time between the Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of France over mercantile rights, and infringement of fisheries by French sailors on Spanish waters. In the interest of preserving balance, Britain and Prussia aligned against Austria and Spain to ensure the continuity of the status quo; therefore allying with France. He died in 1810.​

1810 - 1813: George II (Stuart)

The second Stuart King to bear the name George; George II's reign was marked with controversy from the get-go. The 43 year old King was already showing signs of mental decline, and his closest councilors were very willing to enforce and override the democratic institutions of state to suit their interests. After allegations arose of the King's signature being forged on several documents of state (Benson Affair), the King was forced to abdicate his throne in 1813 to his brother, Prince Henry. (Instrument of Royal Abdication, 1813)​

1813 - 1822: Henry X & II (Stuart)

The brother of King George II (and son of James IV & IX) was a far more capable administrator. While still quite controversial for his dandy nature, the King took his job reasonably seriously, and with some help from his Privy Councilors and Lord Adviser, took an affinity to charitable organizations, such as starting the King's Scholar Fund for lower-class peoples who sought to aspire to higher-class ambitions like the arts and engineering. He died in 1822 of pneumonia at age 53.​

1822 - 1870: Charles III (Stuart)

Much like his grandfather and great-grandfather, Charles III was a dour, conservative man who took his job incredibly seriously. While more philanthropic than his austere forebears, Charles III was known for his cutting down on royal excess, and looking unfavorably on members of the Royal Family whose expenses were beyond the pale of a common-man. Often termed the "Peasant King", Charles III lived a life much like most of his subjects. His exploits were later written into legend by famous British authors, most notably in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Albert Quinn novels, where Quinn is made to have audience with the King, and comments on the King's austere nature. The King died in 1870 at age 73, leaving behind an Empire much wealthier than he inherited.​

1870 - 1913: James V & X (Stuart)

The fifth King James of England; and the tenth of Scotland, ruled over the Empire in transition as many of the larger colonies, primarily the American ones, were spun off into their own realm with full governing rights (Philadelphia Treaty of 1901). It was also during this time that the Ottoman Empire's Balkan territories were finally partitioned out--with Royal Hungary finally being rejoined with that of the Austrian Crown after generations of partial-occupation. Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Albania, Macedonia and Greece also gained their independence from the teetering Turkish giant. Like his father before him, austerity was key amongst the Royal Family, but Britain's wealth grew even more as colonial ventures finally returned net revenue to the Crown that had been taken for years to cultivate it in Africa. He passed away peacefully in 1913, leaving the crown to his troubled son, Edward.
​

Lord Adviser of England (1691-1704)

1690 - 1696: Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville (Greyite) [1]

1690 def.: John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (Jacobite); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1693 def.: John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)​

1696 - 1704: Nathaniel Wade (Unitarian) [2]

1696 def.: Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset (Greyite); John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1699 def.: Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Greyite); John Churchill, Earl of Winchester (Churchillian); Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset (Royalist)
1702 def.: Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow (Greyite); Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley (Churchillian); Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (Royalist)
​

[1] A major supporter of King James III; was initially planned to be Lord Adviser by default, but the King's insistence on democratic elections drew some annoyance from the Earl of Tankerville. However, the Earl did win against the Churchillians, Jacobites and Royalists. Under his tenure as LA, the Jacobite Party was forced into the underground, democratic rights were expanded, and the Royal Family (and the Government) became patrons to many new artists and playwrights.

[2] The first commoner to lead England's government, Nathaniel Wade presided over England during the establishment of the Act of Union in 1704, which ended Scotland's own 'Lord Adviser' position. Holding to collectivist ideas, Wade had many ideas for expanding the power of the agricultural worker, and ending religious control over day-to-day life.

​

Lord Adviser of Scotland (1691-1704)

Lord Adviser of Ireland (1691 - )

Lord Adviser of Great Britain (1704-)

King's Minister to the American Colonies (1771-)
1771 - 1774: Thomas Hutchinson (Loyalist Caucus)
1771 def.: ran unopposed
1774 - 1780: Benjamin Franklin (Federalist)
1774 def.: Thomas Hutchinson (Loyalist Caucus), James Wright (Devolutionist)
1777 def.: Joseph Galloway (Loyalist Caucus), James Wright (Devolutionist)
1780 - 1783: Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland (Loyalist Caucus)
1780 def.: George Wythe (Federalist)
1783 - 1792: Edmund Pendleton, 1st Earl of Caroline (Federalist)
1783 def.: John Augustine Washington (Loyalist Caucus), Elbridge Gerry (Gerrymander Caucus)
1786 def.: Sir George Clinton, 1st Earl of New Windsor (Loyalist Caucus)
1789 def.: Rev. Jonathan Boucher (Loyalist and Moralist Caucus)
1792 - 1798: William Byron, 5th Baron Byron (Loyalist Caucus)*
1792 def.: Edmund Pendelton, 1st Earl of Caroline (Federalist), Aaron Burr (Maritime Caucus)
1795 def.: John Tayler (Federalist), Elbridge Gerry (Maritime and Gerrymander Caucus)
1798: Shearjashub Bourne (Loyalist Caucus)
1798 - 1807: DeWitt Clinton (Federalist)
1798 def.: Ebenezer Mattoon (Loyalist Caucus), Alexander Hamilton (Maritime Caucus), Elbridge Gerry (Gerrymander Caucus)
1801 def.: Alexander Hamilton (Peace Loyalist), Daniel D. Tompkins (War Loyalist)
1804 def.: Alexander Hamilton (Peace Loyalist), Daniel D. Tompkins (War Loyalist)

I did a bit of expansion work on it. I still need to flesh out the Lord Advisers and such, but I think the KMotAC is a very nice touch.

 

[Uhura's Mazda]

First Ministers of Northern Ireland
2018-2019: Robin Swann (UUP) and Colum Eastwood (SDLP) (in coalition with Alliance, Green, PUP, and People Before Profit) [1]
2018 def: Arlene Foster (DUP), Michelle O'Neill (Sinn Fein), Naomi Long (Alliance), Steven Agnew (Green), Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston (PUP), Gerry Carroll (People Before Profit)
2019-2019: Colum Eastwood (SDLP) and Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston (PUP) (in coalition with Alliance, Green, and People Before Profit) [2]
2019-2021: Colum Eastwood (Irish Labour) and Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston (PUP) (in coalition with Alliance, Fianna Fail, Green, and People Before Profit) [3]
2021-2021: Daniel McCrossan (Fianna Fail) and Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston (PUP) (in coalition with Alliance, Green, and People Before Profit) [4]
2021-2025: Christopher Stalford (DUP) and Orlaithi Flynn (Sinn Fein)
2021 def: Naomi Long (Alliance), Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston (PUP), Daniel McCrossan (Fianna Fail), Steven Agnew (Green), George Jabbour (NI Conservatives)

[1] - After a year of what amounted to Direct Rule under NI Secretaries James Brokenshire and Theresa May while the DUP and Sinn Fein remained unable to reach a governing compromise, Westminster finally grew weary of waiting and changed the law to abolish the Petition of Concern and also to allow any two parties from the two blocs (Nationalist and Unionist) to form an Executive. New elections were held, and although the UUP and SDLP got 7 and 6 seats respectively against a backdrop of an ailing middle ground in Northern Ireland, they nonetheless formed an Executive of all the other parties in Stormont. This was still a very small number of seats, but both Sinn Fein and the DUP were convinced to support the Executive on matters of confidence and supply, largely because they were curious as to how badly this grab-bag of parties could actually govern.

[2] - The first major crisis of the Moderate Executive was the passage of the Irish Language Act, which was opposed by not only the DUP but also a significant part of the UUP. In a fractious Party Conference, the UUP took the unusual step of voting to dissolve itself - almost all members and most MLAs joined the DUP, but three MLAs went over to the Alliance and remained in Government. However, as the Alliance did not designate as a Unionist party, neither Swann nor Naomi Long could become co-First Minister. That honour went instead to Julie-Anne Corr-Johnston, one of the two MLAs belonging to the left-wing Unionist and slightly paramilitary Progressive Unionist Party.

[3] - History repeated itself just a few short months later, when the Northern Irish local elections returned just fourteen SDLP councillors. It was clearly time to take action to restore the Party's fortunes, and Colum Eastwood took the brave step of affiliating it to the Irish Labour Party in the hope that a cross-border party would win them some credibility against Sinn Fein, the Greens and People Before Profit. However, almost all of the branches west of the Bann voted instead to disaffiliate from the SDLP and join Fianna Fail, taking two of the surviving MLAs with them. Fianna Fail remained in the coalition Executive, while Colum Eastwood remained co-First Minister with the support of just four Nationalist MLAs.

[4] - For two years, Eastwood and Corr-Johnston presided over an Executive which in practice executed only Alliance policies, and even then, only with the acquiescence of the DUP or Sinn Fein. The major achievement was the legalisation of gay marriage, but that palled in practice against economic stagnation and the Executive's failure to build any major infrastructure. An election was called for May 2021. However, just before the Assembly was dissolved, the Irish Labour Party (landed with the cost of changing all the SDLP letterheads) became the first Western political party to file for bankruptcy, and sought a merger with Sinn Fein. This occurred, taking Eastwood and his supporters into Opposition - and the only remaining Nationalist party was Fianna Fail. Thus, for the dying days of the Executive, it was led by the leaders of two tiny parties with only two MLAs apiece.

 

[Historia Crux]

This started out as me messing with President Elect 1988 and grew from there. When I got to '88 I decided to try and carry on to the current date and thus whatever this is was born.

1961-1966: Albert Rosellini / LeRoy Collins (Democratic)
1960: Prescott Bush/William Stratton (Republican), Orval Faubus/John Crommmelin (States' Rights)
1964: Barry Goldwater/Walter Judd (Republican)
1966-1969: LeRoy Collins / Vacant (Democratic)
1969-1977: LeRoy Collins / Harold Hughes (Democratic)
1968: Wally Hickel/John Volpe (Republican)
1972: Howard Baker/Edward Brooke (Republican)
1977-1985: James Buckley / Robert Ray (Republican)
1976: Walter Mondale/Terry Sanford (Democratic)
1980: William Proxmire/Cliff Finch (Democratic), Pete McCloskey/Charles Mathias (No Affiliation)
1985-1990: Scott Matheson / Sam Nunn (Democratic)
1984: Howard Baker/Paul Laxalt (Republican)
1988: Robert Oaks/Pierre du Pont (Republican)
1990: Sam Nunn / Vacant (Democratic)
1990-1997: Sam Nunn / Elizabeth Holtzman (Democratic)
1992: Ross Perot/Jack Kemp (Republican)
1997-2005: Ross Perot / Warren Rudman (Republican)
1996: Elizabeth Holtzman/Ray Mabus (Democratic)
2000: Steve Pajcic/Marcy Kaptur (Democratic)
2005-2013: Raul Villaronga / John McCain (Democratic)
2004: Howard Dean/David Keene (Republican)
2008: Lisa Halaby/Bob Riley (Republican)
2013-2017: Gale Norton / Saul Anuzis (Republican)
2012: John McCain/Jim Matheson (Democratic)
2017-Current: John Santorum / Kumiki Gibson (Democratic)
2016: Gale Norton/Saul Anuzis (Republican), Andrew Halcro/Sam Katz (No Affiliation)

 

[Cevolian]

Did somebeady say Bandwagon??? (I'll flesh this out later, it is very implausible I recognise that, but I just wanted to write it for a bit of fun).


Executive of the Commonwealth of Britain

1649-1653: English Council of State
1653-1653: Oliver Cromwell (Parliamentarian backed by New Model Army)
1653-1653: New Model Army Junta
1653-1657: Thomas Rainsborough (Leveller)
1653: (Leveller Government supported by Diggers and Radical Parliamentarians) def - Richard Cromwell (Cromwellians), various (Royalists)
1657: (Leveller Government with minority support from Diggers) def - Richard Lovelace (Constitutional), Richard Cromwell (Cromwellians), other Royalists
1657-1657: John Wildman (Leveller with Digger Support)
1657-1657: New Model Army Junta
1657-1657: English Regency Council

Kings of The Commonwealth of Great Britain

1657-1685: Charles II (Stuart)
1685-1701: Charles III (Stuart) "impeached" with parliamentary consent
1701-0000: James VII (Stuart)

 

[Major Crimson]

Did somebeady say Bandwagon??? (I'll flesh this out later, it is very implausible I recognise that, but I just wanted to write it for a bit of fun).

Did I start a thing?

And nice, seems almost 20th century South American. I like the idea of having a King within a Commonwealth, I almost did something similar to try and work in Locke's ideas of a Prince HoS but this is neat.

 

[Augenis]

A WIP that I'm in the middle of doing, jumping on the "17th c. Britain" train, I guess.

...wait.

You're telling me that this thread allows making lists of monarchs, not just elected heads of state?!

Why didn't you tell me sooner?! I have do many potential lists for Lithuanian monarchs!

EDIT:

New thing thats wired thanks to you and Augenis: 17th Century Republican Governments

*Starts working on 1676: The Year America won Independence List before this gets beaten into glue*

Wow, did I really help create a some sort of trend? I never thought this day would come

 

[Cevolian]

Did I start a thing?

And nice, seems almost 20th century South American. I like the idea of having a King within a Commonwealth, I almost did something similar to try and work in Locke's ideas of a Prince HoS but this is neat.

You have!

And thanks I'm glad you liked it! I'd say it's more Hobbes than Locke, a state of absolutism certainly but one backed not by divine will but by common consent and the ability of the king to provide for the people. I may carry it on, because I'm certain that would have important repucussions for the development of "democracy" both in the metropole and the American colonies.

 

[Fenrisúlfr]

2030-2030: Anas Sarwar

Great list!

I had a friend who was at the Glasgow regional count for the Scottish Parliament elections in 2016. Anas Sarwar had just been elected as a List MSP and was triumphantly punching the air and shouting. Johann Lamont, who had just lost her constituency seat but made in onto the list, approached Anas and said 'Anas, please stop. This is a disaster and you're making a fool of yourself', then walked away. Always had a very great deal of respect for Johann Lamont, I have very little for Anas Sarwar.

 

[Turquoise Blue]

An Attempt At Reverse-American-Politics

Richard M. Nixon (Republican) 1961-1963
1960: def. John Kennedy (Democratic) and unpledged electors ("Dixiecrat")
"If you want to make beautiful music, you must play the black and the white notes together."
Elected as Eisenhower's success, he had grand plans all unfortunately ceased by his assassination in Boston.

Henry C. Lodge, Jr. (Republican) 1963-1969
1964: def. Eugene McCarthy (Democratic) and unpledged electors ("Southern Vigilance")
"It has been well said that a hungry man is more interested in four sandwiches than four freedoms."
The president of the "New Society" reforms shepherded by moderate and conservative advisors, yet criticised by conservatives for being weak on Vietnam.

John Kennedy (Democratic) 1969-1974
1968: def. Milton Young (Republican), John V. Lindsay (Liberal) & unpledged electors ("Southern Vigilance")
1972: def. Guy Vander Jagt (Republican)
"Forgive your enemies, but never forget their names"
No longer a young fresh face, this bitter President tried to carve a way left-wards and found obstacles. Brought down by his two obsessions - sex and power, in a scandal that shook Washington.

Carl Albert (Democratic) 1974-1977
"I like to face issues in terms of conditions and not in terms of someone's inborn political philosophy.''
The president who had to take over after Kennedy's resignation, he crafted a conciliatory path but couldn't win re-election.

Howard Baker (Republican) 1977-1981
1976: def. Carl Albert (Democratic)
"Listen more often than you speak."
The Governor of Tennessee was elected President on a platform of changing Washington, but the economy stagnated and he lost re-election to a charismatic Governor who promised real change.

Robert Redford (Democratic) 1981-1989
1980: def. Howard Baker (Republican) and Henry M. Jackson (Independent)
1984: def. Bob Dole (Republican)
"We put all our concerns on hold to let the leaders lead. I think we're owed a big, massive apology."
The youthful Robert Redford, Governor of California, was elected President by a frustated populace fed up of the status quo. His presidency was one where the Overton Window was shifted to the left.

Birch Bayh (Democratic) 1989-1993
1988: def. George H. W. Bush (Republican)
"You know I don't think we need the Republicans to steal family values from us."
Birch Bayh, the vice-president of Robert Redford, was elected more or less on Redford's popularity over the "boring" George H. W. Bush. He would go down to defeat to Bush's son only four years later.

George W. Bush (Republican) 1993-2001
1992: def. Birch Bayh (Democratic) and Lee Iacocca (Independent)
1996: def. Mario Cuomo (Democratic) and Lee Iacocca (Reform)
"I'm a uniter, not a divider."
Folksy, charismatic, inoffensive, that was the Bush people elected to the Oval Office in November 1992. And despite Democratic attacks on his reputation, he left with his head held high in January 2001.

Evan Bayh (Democratic) 2001-2009
2000: def. Christine Schneider (Republican)
2004: def. John McCain (Republican)
"In honoring their memory, we will remain true to our commitment to freedom and democracy."
Often characterised as greatly inexperienced and "only won because of his daddy", despite his two-term stint as Governor of Indiana, he proved a strong wartime leader, even if a deeply divisive one.

Sarah Palin (Republican) 2009-2017
2008: def. Joe Lieberman (Democratic)
2012: def. Brian Schweitzer (Democratic)
"Here's a little newsflash for those reporters and commentators: I'm not going to Washington to seek their good opinion."
Sarah Palin's legacy still shapes the Republican Party. Combining strong religion with a moderate record and a conservative streak, she energised a whole generation of people, even if Democrats obstructed her policies.

Dennis Kucinich (Democratic) 2017-present
2016: def. Laura Bush (Republican)
"This is a struggle for the soul of the Democratic Party, which in too many cases has become so corporate and identified with corporate interests."
Despite people saying he'll lose, despite his deeply controversial remarks on FacePage and elsewhere, despite divisive rhetoric and dubious ties to Russia, despite the most qualified Republican candidate in history, he still won.

 

[Augenis]

I'm pretty sure this will be the first such list in this thread.

You Were the Chosen One, Bathory!

List of Kings of Poland and Grand Dukes of Lithuania since the Union of Lublin (1569-present)

1548-1572: Sigismund III Augustus (Jagiellon Dynasty)

OTL. Childless romantic whose all three wives either failed to produce an heir or dies (Barbora best waifu), and the nobles of Poland and Lithuania, fearing that a childless king will destroy the personal union, while also wishing to join forces in the face of the Livonian War, decide to unite the two monarchies into one indivisible state.

1573-1574: Henry I Valois (French faction)
1573 Convocation Sejm def.: Archduke Ernst von Habsburg (Habsburg faction), Johan III of Sweden (Protestant faction), Ivan IV 'the Terrible' (Orthodox faction)

Also OTL. Treacherous guy who became King because he accepted each and every one of the szlachta's demands, then almost immediately ran back to his homeland France because the throne became vacant.

1575-1581: Stephen I Bathory/Anna Jagiellon (Piast faction)
1575 Convocation Sejm def.: Emperor Maximilian II (Habsburg faction)

1581-1605: Stephen I Bathory (Bathory Dynasty)

One of the greatest Kings of Poland and Grand Dukes of Lithuania known, Stephen Bathory, former ruler of Transylvania, entered the throne of the Commonwealth as a compromise to keep the Habsburgs from winning, having to marry the dead Sigismund II's sister Anna and rule as co-monarchs to become King. Anna Jagiellon did not bear Stephen a child, and there were rumors that she was incapable of giving birth at all, but her sudden death from typhus in 1581 allowed the King to remarry and have three sons from his second wife.

Bathory was a warrior king, and his 30 year reign marked a number of successful campaigns against Russia and the Ottoman Empire. He inherited the Livonian War from his predecessors and rapidly reformed the army of the Commonwealth to deal with the Russian threat - but even after a favorable peace was signed, he laid eyes on the Russian throne. In 1598, after Tsar Feodor's death without an heir, Stephen I masterfully exploited the situation, using Russia's weakness yo his advantage and managing to dismantle the Tsardom into a number of weaker, more easily manageable states. The King also waged wars against the Ottoman Empire to protect his home in Transylvania, and while he was not very successful, it gave the Commonwealth access to the Black Sea and ended the threat of yearly Crimean raids.

1605-1651: Stephen II (Bathory Dynasty)
1605 Convocation Sejm def.: Istvan Bathory (Alternative Heir)

After Stephen I's death, it had become obvious that a Bathory will succeed him, but the question of which of Bathory's sons would succeed him. The youngest, Franciszek, declined, and moved on to become a priest, while Stephen and Istvan took their battle to the Convocation Sejm, which elected the elder of the two. Of course, Istvan didn't take this lightly and raised the banner of revolt, but his rebellion was defeated quite easily.

King Stephen II, taking the reins of the state at the age of 26, lived exceptionally long, ruling Poland-Lithuania for the next 46 years. The main event during his reign was the Thirty Years' War, in which the King threw his lot, allying with the Habsburgs in order to take down Sweden. While the initial stages of the war were not very successful, especially with France joining the Protestant side, eventually the Catholics managed to turn the tide just enough to secure a stalemate in the following Treaty of Breslau. Poland-Lithuania gained most of Livonia and Prussia as fiefs.

1651-1679: Nicholas I (Bathory Dynasty)
1651 Convocation Sejm def.: no serious opposition

By now, the Convocation Sejm had basically become a rubber stamp for the heir of the Bathory dynasty.

The main event in Nicholas I's reign was the Great Turkish War, one of the longest and most brutal wars in the history of European-Ottoman Wars. King Nicholas I led a Christian coalition against the might of the Ottoman Empire in order to liberate Hungary from Turkish rule. And at first, it went pretty badly - so badly, in fact, that a grand Ottoman army reached Krakow and began sieging the Wavel Castle, where the King had barricaded himself.

A cry for help was sent in time of need. Await relief from Holy League, but it didn't seem to come. Sixty days of siege had passed, the Poles were outnumbered and weak. Sent a message to the sky. Wounded Polish soldiers were left to die. Will they hold the wall or will the Wavel fall?

Desperation. Desperation. They're outnumbered 15:1... and the battle's begun...

Then the German Knights arrived!!!

It was the largest cavalry charge in European history, with thousands of knights from the Holy Roman Empire and the rest of Europe, bolstered by Polish Winged Hussars, mowed down the Turkish ranks sieging Krakow and saved Poland-Lithuania from the Turkish scourge. But, as you expect, the Ottomans were not driven out of Europe.

In slightly more positive news, King Nicholas's reign also marked the beginning of Polish colonization of Siberia, helped by the fact that the disunited Russian states were now fully incorporated into the Commonwealth.

To be continued.

 

[True Grit]

This started out as me messing with President Elect 1988 and grew from there. When I got to '88 I decided to try and carry on to the current date and thus whatever this is was born.

1961-1966: Albert Rosellini / LeRoy Collins (Democratic)
1960: Prescott Bush/William Stratton (Republican), Orval Faubus/John Crommmelin (States' Rights)
1964: Barry Goldwater/Walter Judd (Republican)
1966-1969: LeRoy Collins / Vacant (Democratic)
1969-1977: LeRoy Collins / Harold Hughes (Democratic)
1968: Wally Hickel/John Volpe (Republican)
1972: Howard Baker/Edward Brooke (Republican)
1977-1985: James Buckley / Robert Ray (Republican)
1976: Walter Mondale/Terry Sanford (Democratic)
1980: William Proxmire/Cliff Finch (Democratic), Pete McCloskey/Charles Mathias (No Affiliation)
1985-1990: Scott Matheson / Sam Nunn (Democratic)
1984: Howard Baker/Paul Laxalt (Republican)
1988: Robert Oaks/Pierre du Pont (Republican)
1990: Sam Nunn / Vacant (Democratic)
1990-1997: Sam Nunn / Elizabeth Holtzman (Democratic)
1992: Ross Perot/Jack Kemp (Republican)
1997-2005: Ross Perot / Warren Rudman (Republican)
1996: Elizabeth Holtzman/Ray Mabus (Democratic)
2000: Steve Pajcic/Marcy Kaptur (Democratic)
2005-2013: Raul Villaronga / John McCain (Democratic)
2004: Howard Dean/David Keene (Republican)
2008: Lisa Halaby/Bob Riley (Republican)
2013-2017: Gale Norton / Saul Anuzis (Republican)
2012: John McCain/Jim Matheson (Democratic)
2017-Current: John Santorum / Kumiki Gibson (Democratic)
2016: Gale Norton/Saul Anuzis (Republican), Andrew Halcro/Sam Katz (No Affiliation)

I can't put into words how great this is and how creative the choices are.