There were several factors in the German and Japanese failure to do this sort of thing, one of which was the thinking that the conflict would be short and therefore "long range" thinking was superfluous. Once you started burning up your experienced folk on the front lines, you got in to a death sprial.
I don't think it was so much that the Germans and Japanese were incapable of "long range" thinking as it was their fighting the only sort of war they could win - a short and victorious one.
One in which they gained more than it cost them to wage and one which was over before the effort of fighting it broke their economies in the process. That meant such wars had to be overwhelming right from the start so everything had to be bent toward the offense. Setting things up to be able to fight a long war - as wars of attrition are - would mean losing the war before it was started. So it was all for the offense as that would ensure it was but a quick war as a quick war was the only sort of war they could afford and the only sort of war they could win.
Extensive training systems and rotating combat veterans out of the front lines to share their experience with the trainees was not therefore something either the Germans nor the Japanese could afford. Doing so would've reduced their ability to remain on the offensive in the overwhelming manner necessary to keep the war short and victorious.
Thus they set up their militaries to fight the only sort of war they could afford to fight - short and victorious. And when they failed to keep that war short and failed to be victorious in the initial attempt, they really had no further options. If they started pulling their experienced troops back and redistributed them amongst the units being trained up then that would've reduced the combat efficiency of the units still at the front. And that would've been disastrous in keeping the Allies at bay.
By the time it was apparent that their initial strategy had failed it was too late. They couldn't afford the sort of "combat tours" the Allies used to pull our experienced troops back for training new recruits. They'd not the manpower to afford the initially higher losses such a policy created. And yet leaving those experienced troops in place meant that experience couldn't be disseminated throughout the rest of the military and thus it was inevitably lost in the constant attrition of combat.
The Germans and Japanese had to go to war. Their economies depended upon it. Without the plunder to be gained from their "short and victorious" wars those economies would've crashed. And such crashes would've invalidated the authority of the Nazis over the German people and the militarists over the Japanese people. So, in typical fashion, they rushed into the wars and fought them in the only way they could hope to have won them - all emphasis being on the offense and gambling they'd be able to win them quickly.
They simply couldn't afford "long range" thinking. Not and keep their hold on power at the same time.
