insania zoanthropica

King Nebuchadnezzar was afflicted with a rare disease that caused him to believe he was a wild animal and rendered him unfit to govern or even live among humans. This disease, which medical science would now calls “insania zoanthropica” would afflict the King for seven years.

What if this happened to political leaders in the 20th and early 21st century?
 
Which ones?

Most likely caught in the early stages, following which an orderly succession takes place and the leader in question goes to a comfortable place with padded walls and no sharp objects. But having it happen to someone like Stalin or Franco would be fun.

"The Generalissimo can not see you right now, Mr Ambassador. His Excellency is rutting."
 
I'm currently reading the book "A Lycanthropy Reader: Werewolves in Western Europe", which is precisely about the medical origin of this type of madness. According to the author there are many ways that this madness can develop but most of them are just common mental illness (from simple depression to schizophrenia, autism, congenital porphyria and many others). The mentally challenged people of ancient times used to escape or were abandoned, and having to live on the fringes of civilization and abandoned by everybody they developed homicidal and animal-like tendencies. That means if any of these politicians suffers one of this illnesses in recent times they'll get a better diagnosis and treatment. But of course, it's still left the last big source of insania zoanthropica: drug abuse.
 
Which ones?

Most likely caught in the early stages, following which an orderly succession takes place and the leader in question goes to a comfortable place with padded walls and no sharp objects. But having it happen to someone like Stalin or Franco would be fun.

"The Generalissimo can not see you right now, Mr Ambassador. His Excellency is rutting."
I imagine that in a more authoritarian state the leader's illness would remain a closely guarded secret with the leader remaining confined and carefully guarded while a "trusted advisor" take over the de facto ruler and issues decrees in the Great Leader's name.

For democracies, as you said, the ruler would probably retire "to spend more time with his family" and then quietly be committed to an asylum.
 
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