Indus Valley prevails
- Thread starter tom
- Start date
Not sure how they would have prevailed. I recently read a book about what we know of the Indus (recently meaning a couple weeks).
One key point was that there is no evidence of militarization or warfare in their society. If they had armies they probably weren't large or effective (very different from the highly militaristic Aryans).
Another key point was that major aspects of modern Indian culture - including the caste system itself, as well as much of the religion - seem more likely to have come from the Indus than the Aryans. (A big chunk of India also still speaks languages from the Dravidic language group, likely related to the Indus language, rather than from the Indo-Aryan language group).
One key point was that there is no evidence of militarization or warfare in their society. If they had armies they probably weren't large or effective (very different from the highly militaristic Aryans).
Another key point was that major aspects of modern Indian culture - including the caste system itself, as well as much of the religion - seem more likely to have come from the Indus than the Aryans. (A big chunk of India also still speaks languages from the Dravidic language group, likely related to the Indus language, rather than from the Indo-Aryan language group).
Leo Caesius
Banned
Michael Witzel, the Wales Professor of Sanskrit and Indian Studies at Harvard University, and a student of the great Indo-Iranist Karl Hoffman, has suggested that the autocthonous inhabitants of India, spoke an Austro-Asiatic language similar to the Munda dialects spoken today in Northeast India, and that that both Dravidians and Indo-Aryans settled in India at some later point in history. He believes that the Harrapans belonged to this aboriginal group, not the Dravidians or Indo-Aryans.
Naturally, Witzel is loathed by the Hindutva.
Until the Harappan inscriptions are deciphered, the jury will stay out on the question of the origins of Harappan civilization; I myself don't necessarily believe that they represent a language, and think that it is unlikely that they will ever be deciphered.
Have any of you heard about the lost city found submerged off the coast of Gujarat in the Gulf of Cambay? It resembles the cities of Harappa but is five thousand years older; if the dating is correct, that makes it the oldest city thus far discovered in the world.
Naturally, Witzel is loathed by the Hindutva.
Until the Harappan inscriptions are deciphered, the jury will stay out on the question of the origins of Harappan civilization; I myself don't necessarily believe that they represent a language, and think that it is unlikely that they will ever be deciphered.
Have any of you heard about the lost city found submerged off the coast of Gujarat in the Gulf of Cambay? It resembles the cities of Harappa but is five thousand years older; if the dating is correct, that makes it the oldest city thus far discovered in the world.
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tom said:
Of course there are some, particularly in India, who maintain that the Indus people were Aryans... As Leo C points out, we don't know what language they spoke.
I also think that in so far as there is a consensus, it is that the Indus civilization had more or less collapsed before the Aryan migration, so ideas of them "prevailing over the Aryans" may be a bit off the mark.
As for the Indus being non-militaristic, there are certainly plenty of weapons-finds. They may have been less militaristic than other cultures, but there are Mesopotamian documents referring to "Melukhkhan" ships (usually thought to be Indus) carrying warriors, so they aren't totally pacific.
Their social structure is a bit of a mystery, though, and it is true they may not have been very hierarchical. I read one book - can't recall the name - that argued that the Indus Civilization was unique in that there was no sign of a ruling class at all - no monarchy, no especially powerful priesthood, no military aristocracy. Given the lack of written evidence, this is almost solely based on town planning arguments - the archaeology does not reveal palaces or temples, the city walls don't seem to be strong enough to be defensive, etc etc - so it's not very strongly based. But if it's true, it would give the ancient world a completely different model of civilization.
See http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IndianCivilization/ .
I read once that someone found two Indus Valley gambling dices of the usual cube shape. On each side of each was an Indus Valley hieroglyph, depicting objects whose names resemble the numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 in Dravidian languages.
Aryan supremacy northern India ?
Didn't the Aryan ppls who moved in northern India begin to militarily move against darker-skinned ppls of Dravidian ethnic heritage and drive them further south ? What about some type of more radical ethnonationalist version of this persecution by the proto-Indo Europeans against others perceived as inferiors, which gets carried over into modern times ? Could there possibly some POD involving the so-called Kalash Kafirs of northern Kashmir and other fair-skinned, blue-eyed ppl living in such areas as the Hunza Valley (whom some scholars have argued are also the descendants of Alexander the Great's hoplites who passed thru the area in ancient times- I recall reading an account of 1 journalist in the Hunza Valley bumping into such a person, a tall blond blue-eyed local man who was initially assumed to be English or German, but who spoke only the local languages, then finding an entire village of these unique Nordic individuals), developing a white supremacist conquest-oriented perspective ? BTW, doesn't the contemporary Indian caste social system to some degree reflect this racially-based outlook, with Brahmins perceived as the high-ranking, lighter-skinned northern Indians vs the lower-caste Dravidians ? This caste system was promoted by the British colonial rule in their perceptions of the 'martial races' in their Indian army as being lighter-skinned and therefore better fighters- such as the Sikhs, Gurkhas, Punjabis, etc- and darker-skinned southern Indians such as Bengalis perceived as lesser quality manpower material. But didn't these race-based perceptions already exist prior to British colonisation ?
Also, I recall reading that there was 1 white supremacist thinker of the 19th C, Gobineau IIRC, who was initially convinced that the ancient Persians were the archetypal Aryan race, and who travelled to Iran to test that hypothesis, but ended up becoming sorely disappointed at the so-called 'inferior' ppl whom he found there.
Didn't the Aryan ppls who moved in northern India begin to militarily move against darker-skinned ppls of Dravidian ethnic heritage and drive them further south ? What about some type of more radical ethnonationalist version of this persecution by the proto-Indo Europeans against others perceived as inferiors, which gets carried over into modern times ? Could there possibly some POD involving the so-called Kalash Kafirs of northern Kashmir and other fair-skinned, blue-eyed ppl living in such areas as the Hunza Valley (whom some scholars have argued are also the descendants of Alexander the Great's hoplites who passed thru the area in ancient times- I recall reading an account of 1 journalist in the Hunza Valley bumping into such a person, a tall blond blue-eyed local man who was initially assumed to be English or German, but who spoke only the local languages, then finding an entire village of these unique Nordic individuals), developing a white supremacist conquest-oriented perspective ? BTW, doesn't the contemporary Indian caste social system to some degree reflect this racially-based outlook, with Brahmins perceived as the high-ranking, lighter-skinned northern Indians vs the lower-caste Dravidians ? This caste system was promoted by the British colonial rule in their perceptions of the 'martial races' in their Indian army as being lighter-skinned and therefore better fighters- such as the Sikhs, Gurkhas, Punjabis, etc- and darker-skinned southern Indians such as Bengalis perceived as lesser quality manpower material. But didn't these race-based perceptions already exist prior to British colonisation ?
Also, I recall reading that there was 1 white supremacist thinker of the 19th C, Gobineau IIRC, who was initially convinced that the ancient Persians were the archetypal Aryan race, and who travelled to Iran to test that hypothesis, but ended up becoming sorely disappointed at the so-called 'inferior' ppl whom he found there.
I remember reading somewhere that the skeletons found in the Harappan sites were a mixture of types... one of which was very close to the Australian Aborigines (isn't that rather bizarre?). Isn't the current theory that the Harappan cities were later than those of Mesopotamia, probably inspired by them? It is thought that because the Harappan cities show clear evidence of planning (straight intersecting streets, etc.) instead of the chaotic twisting lanes of the Mesopotamian cities. There was some indication of military ideas at Mohenjo-Daro... there was a defensive citadel with bastions.
Interestingly, it was first thought that the invading IE people destroyed the Harappans, due to some coincidental dating and some Hindu literature. Now, it's thought more that nature itself defeated them; loss of trees and frequent river flooding. It's more likely that the Harappans were absorbed...
Interestingly, it was first thought that the invading IE people destroyed the Harappans, due to some coincidental dating and some Hindu literature. Now, it's thought more that nature itself defeated them; loss of trees and frequent river flooding. It's more likely that the Harappans were absorbed...
Another possible India ATL is:-
OTL: Currently the Yamuna / Jumna river turns east at Paonta Saheb where it leaves the hills, and ends up in the Ganges. In ancient times it turned west and flowed across Punjab and Haryana and down the Ghaggar dry bed and down the Hakra and Raini Nala and Eastern Nara and across the Rann of Cutch into the sea. It was called the Sarasvati. The Sutlej joined it somewhere nearish to Bahawalpur.
ATL: The Yamuna keeps to its western course and the Sarasvati does not dry up.
- Note: That river's goddess was also called Sarasvati. When her river dried up, she married Brahma and became the goddess of wisdom.
OTL: Currently the Yamuna / Jumna river turns east at Paonta Saheb where it leaves the hills, and ends up in the Ganges. In ancient times it turned west and flowed across Punjab and Haryana and down the Ghaggar dry bed and down the Hakra and Raini Nala and Eastern Nara and across the Rann of Cutch into the sea. It was called the Sarasvati. The Sutlej joined it somewhere nearish to Bahawalpur.
ATL: The Yamuna keeps to its western course and the Sarasvati does not dry up.
- Note: That river's goddess was also called Sarasvati. When her river dried up, she married Brahma and became the goddess of wisdom.
Duncan said:
AFAIK, nothing that could actually be distinguished as a military weapon vs. a weapon for hunting animals. I assume they had some sort of armed government force, but AFAIK there's no evidence of large internal military institutions, fortifications, or internal warfare. The contrast is apparently pretty big when you compare the Indus finds to Egyptian and Mesopotamian finds.
Documents from what era? The Mesopotamians apparently lost direct contact with the Indus after a while, and "Meluhha" came to refer to one of the Gulf islands which was a major trading center for Indus goods.
The argument that the Indus had the progenitor of the modern Indian caste system is related to this. The Indus showed clear indications that some individuals were personally more wealthy than each other (due to jewelry in burials), and some houses were bigger than others, but there don't seem to have been "ruling class" buildings where luxurious living was associated with state functions.
This would fit in well with rule by a Brahmin-like priest caste. This caste could have ruled but had ascetic beliefs that prevented an association between authority and the accumulation of personal wealth. Also it would provide a good explanation of how the caste system came to be. The caste system is known to have existed not too long after the Aryan conquest. But since it came to permeate all aspects of Indian life, all levels of society, it would have been kind of remarkable for the apparently castless Aryans to have got it set up with such tremendous complexity. (As opposed to a simple caste system that seperated the Aryan ruling elite from the bulk of Indians). If a caste system had been pre-existing, however, that would explain the Brahmin as originating from the previous Indus ruling class and the Aryans simply setting themselves up on top of it all.
This argument is strengthened by the religious commonalities found between Indus structures and symbolism, and the later Indian religion. The original Aryan Vedas actually portray a religion quite different from that of modern India. Many dieties have been connected to Indus evidence, the pacifistic elements make more sense coming from pre-existing peasant belief rather than developing from the Aryan war god, and the whole obsession with ritual purity matches quite well to the high emphasis on sewers, baths, and other water-related systems in the Indus cities.
Ian Montgomerie said:
Mace-heads are numerous, and the mace isn't a particularly good hunting weapon.
Ian Montgomerie said:
Late Akkadian, I think - 23rd century, thereabouts. I think this is when there is still likely to have been direct contact.
On the other hand, projecting military force to the Gulf could theoretically have been the work of traders rather than the Indus "state" - the Honourable West-of-India Company or its equivalent.
Duncan said:
IIRC the macehead finds are ceremonial, though.
The argument over Indus militarization isn't an argument that they had no armed government forces or no familiarity with war (e.g. McIntosh doesn't make that argument in "A Peaceful Realm" and there is no way the available record could show a positive lack of any armed force), but about the extent to which actual warfare existed within their society, if it did at all. Egypt and Mesopotamia had very frequent violent conflict and warfare-related findings are fairly common. The Indus cities, despite being spread over a fairly broad area, don't have evidence of conflict. (And there is some strong evidence against regular conflict, such as the building of substantial city walls which were virtually useless militarily). Whatever kept their civilization together, it doesn't seem to have been the organized and frequently-used militaries that unified Egypt and Mesopotamia. And given the high degree of uniformity especially in urban planning, the organized long distance trade, and so forth, it seems something was keeping their civilization together and it likely wasn't just a bunch of independent city-states that happened to have similar culture.
I find this really interesting because a society whose institutions kept it unified without frequent resort to warfare is so much different from the other societies of the ancient world. Early Mesopotamia seems to have been a "priestly" society that was only later dominated by warrior-kings, but even the "priestly" society was one of competing city-states.
Here is the first installments on my timeline based of the Bronze age civilization in the Indus Valley Region. Any comments, ideas,compliments, critiscims are welcome. Please feel free to discuss.....enjoy
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InThe Nation of Indus...Emergence
c.a. 604 B.C: Nebuchadnezzar II succeeds his father Naboplassor as ruler of the Chaldeans of Babylon.
c. a 603-600: Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II sends out an Phoenican led expedition of to circumnavigate the continet of Africa. Egyptian crew members report back to Necho that The Cities of Ophir are willing to let the Egyptians colonize the Area. Necho hesitant doesn’t signs the charter.
Point of Divergence
600-585 B.C: The Quiet Indus Revolution, After the fall of the original Harappan civilization in the late 1500 B.C. and the rule of the northern originated Aryans for centuries. An Dravadian decipherist, begins preaching to citizens of the port city of Lothal about an return of The’‘ Glorious Harappan Civilization.’‘ His sermons inspire most in the region. Aryan reliqous ways are quickly being disapanded for The cult of the ‘’Horned one’‘, An Militia is built up to defend the area, slowly massive migrations of people from The Southern India arrive to begin the Repopulation of the desert area.
600-586 B.C: Nebuchanezzar declares war on Judea, after years of brillant military tactics and intense training. Jerusalem is finally taken when King Zedikah is subdued and the kingdom of Judea is in Babylon’s hands. Prominent Jewish pay Phoenican Merchants to sail them away from the harsh hand of Nebuchadnezzar . In the year 585 B.C, set sail looking for an land full of opportunity, freedom and respect. After an year on the seas, The Hebrews land on the island dubbed ‘’New Laman.’‘
586-579: The Egyptian/Vedic war. For over the past fifteen years Rajan Sutikra has watched this revolution take place in his country. In July of 586 B.C. the small Indus militia raids an small military outpost on The Indus River. Sutrika sends an legion of men to go after The Militia. An battle ensues, and the Vedic armies crush
the rebels. Pharaoh Psamtik II after learning of the battle by his advisors declare war upon Vedic India. The Revamped Egyptian fleet built on Greek and Phoenican designs, arrives on the coast of Damnibad in 587 B.C when most of the Rebellion was being suppressed. Ships blockade the subcontinent’s coast allowing know other powers to help the Aryans and to let no Aryans escape. After successfully driving Aryans out of the Indus Valley. Egypt loose the upper hand when in the deep, dark, thick jungles of south India which is unknown territory for by the Vedic armies for at least two years. In the year 580 B.C. The Egyptian Legion captures an deserted Vedic soldier who helps lead them out of the jungle into the capital of the Vedic civilization, Maharishi. After six months of stratetigical planning finally take the city of Mahrishi. The Gramani of the city devises an treaty to end the war which has had heay tolls on the Vedic armies quickly run through the many councils and finally accepted by Rajaman Sutrika and Pharaoh Wahibre . The Treaty basically states.
1. That Indus Valley region shall be recognized as an independent nation. Governed by its own rulers and not by the Vedic Rajamen
2. The Egyptian fleet will remain in the Vedic sees for ten years regulating trade.
3 Egypt shall pay for the damages that their armies have caused to many of the Vedic villages.
578 B.C.: The former scribe takes the old position of Satavahana, Giving himself the name Varashikha II, In honor of the Harappan ruler named in the Rig Veda,takes to the throne as ruler of the new nation.The Government of the Indus Kingdom is formed. It positions of power is so
1. The whole kingdom shall be ruled by a Satavahana of Familial Heritage (Dynasty: When it comes time to choose the successor of the Satavahana, the people will vote to chose which family member takes the position. The Satavahana is the high priest over The Devajornic Religion and can declare war.
2. Representatives of the ten Indus Valley cities are chosen to be the voice of their cities the Indus house of Vricivan. These Vricivans can write and instate laws that will be fit to govern the nation. The Vricivans must also govern their respective cities. In order for The nation of Indus to go to war, an long drawn out process must take place where the Vricivans study the reason’s and the consequences of going to war. If The Vricivans find the cause of war unnecessary, terms of peace is ensued.
3.Women are granted the wright to vote for the representatives, and for their Satavahana. Women can hold positions of public office, and are able to own their own house. The most Powerful woman in the nation as wife of the Satavahana , which most of the time is the High Priestess of the Devajonic church and is the true leader of that section of power. The wife of Satavahana most of the time serves as the Ambassador to of the foreign nations.
579-onward: Nebechadnezzar II hears of rumors about Jewish settlements west of the red sea. The Babylonian king sends his best troops full of supplies and food in order to conquer the lands to make an edition to the empire of Mesopotamia. Four years later the fleet returns saying that the now Babylonian province of New Laman is militarily secured. Mesopotamian kings remain colonizing the area and ensuing trade with them. To other kingdoms, New Laman is just a myth.
559-330 B.C .: Cyprus the great founds the great Persian Empire, he conquers Mesopotamia and install’s the Achaemenid dynasty there. The Persians continue the secret trade routes with New Laman. In 546 sour trade relations with the Persians cause much discontent in the nation of Indus. Although Vricivans they veto the Satavahana Datri the first’s Declaration of war. Border skirmishes are endured and a few naval attacks never fully develops into a full blown war. Peace is ensued in 545 B.C.. The two empires remain at an easy peace for the almost the next two hundred years.
592-330 B.C.: Era of good feelings, Vedic Rajaman Siddhattha Gotama ascends to the throne. One of his goals is to mend the wounds with the Indus nation. During his rein as Rajaman Siddhattha an expansion northward of the subcontinent. Major colonization in areas located in (OTL Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh) begins After various sessions of with the councils of both kingdoms to create an mutual alliance with the two powers. One othe most memorable moments of Indus history is that of Satavahana Avara IIII shaking hands with the great Rajaman, who goes down in history as one of the Aryans best rulers.
The Egyptian and Kush(OTL Sudan) empires invade Axum(OTL Ethiopia) in 446 after an bloody and difficult war the Egyptian/Kushite alliance and divide the land up. This gives the Kushites ports on the Horn of Africa, Although now closer to the mines of Ophir, Kushite king Irike-Amanote doesn’t budge on move on the idea of moving south. Irike-Amanote and his successors focuses on counting trade with the Indus nation, Vedic India and other exotic regions. The once great empire is growing intensely weaker in governing the peoples, riots and raids are often as Egypt slips into a Deep Depression. Before then however Egyptian 387 B.C. constructs a canal linking The Mediterranean with the Red Sea, fortifies the Egyptian side protecting the crumbling Around 360 B.C. The Indus nation crosses The Mediterranean begins trade with the great city-states of greece.
359-323 B.C.: Hellenistic Macedonian Phillip II ascends to throne as regent, but places himself as the new king. His impressive Military Skills and expansionist ideas brings him success as an great military leader. In the period of 352-336 conquers Greece, Proceeds to invade the Persians and leads The powerful League of Corinth In winter of 338 B.C.. Satavahana Pacuharri the first succeeds Satavahana Datri III in 339 B.C., Sensing an eastern move by the Macedonians, Pacuharri sets up an alliance with the League of Corinth. Phillip II is Assassinated in 336 B.C., his son Alexander III who shared the expansionist ideas of his father and continued pushing eastward. In 334 B.C. Alexander takes Persian King Darius
III completing the Persian campaign. Persia now under the control of Alexander loose contact with the colonies of New Laman.. Alexander takes Upper Egypt during 332-332 B.C. and finally advancing Kushite armies secure Lower Egypt. The Great Civilization of Egypt is no more. Alexander ignores The Corinthian-Indusian alliance an begins toward The Nation of Indus in summer of 329 B.C.: Satavahana Pacuharri strengthens the old alliance between Vedic India. Both countries declare war on Macedonia in 328 B.C., In the time span of 328-326 B.C. thousands of men sign up to defend their respective countries. In Indus alone The Vricivans order the construction of two hundred Melukhkhan war ships to be built and manned. After trudging the dry air, hot sand and hot sun The Macedonian army is exhausted by the time they reach Sutkagen Dor in April 326 B.C.. Hundreds of archers man the city’s defensive walls directing their flaming arrows at the Macedonian Army. Thousands of Indusian and Aryan men stad tall with their large bronze shields and Maces, and Long spears battle with The Macedonian Phalanx. After only six hours of fighting The Indusian-Aryan alliance stand victorious. For the next three years the Macedonians occupy northern Indus, an series of inconclusive battles are fought and The Indusian Melukhkhan ships bombard Persian cities on the Saudi Arabian coast. Some ships even make it up the red sea and raid the cities of Upper Egypt. Finally in the city of Babylon The young Alexander III dies of an fever in June 10, 323 B.C. Although the fighting doesn’t officially cease, The three powers of Macedon, Indus, and Vedic India set up to meet in Babylon to work out an peace treaty.
323 B.C.: Division on An Empire: Regent Phillip III of Macedon is an excellent military Mastermind and Logical Philosopher takes to throne. As king he believes that the mostly loosley nit areas in the south an the east. He set up to meet with the three main existing powers (Kush ,Indus, Vedic India) to discuss dividing some of the Macedonian territories. After congressional meetings with all parties, The terms the come up in the following is stated in The treaty of Alexandria.
1. Macedon shall keep all of their holdings in the Mediterranean and all of the holdings in Mesopotamia.
2. The Nation of Indus received all of Asia Minor except for the costal cities of the territory. The Nation also receives land in( OTL Western Afghanistan).
3.The Empire of Kush receive all of upper Egypt except for the heavily Macedonian populated cities in the north. Although this land will later be taken by Carthage.
4. Vedic India is ceded all of the lands of ( OTL Saudi Arabia and eastern Afghanistan).
********
InThe Nation of Indus...Emergence
c.a. 604 B.C: Nebuchadnezzar II succeeds his father Naboplassor as ruler of the Chaldeans of Babylon.
c. a 603-600: Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II sends out an Phoenican led expedition of to circumnavigate the continet of Africa. Egyptian crew members report back to Necho that The Cities of Ophir are willing to let the Egyptians colonize the Area. Necho hesitant doesn’t signs the charter.
Point of Divergence
600-585 B.C: The Quiet Indus Revolution, After the fall of the original Harappan civilization in the late 1500 B.C. and the rule of the northern originated Aryans for centuries. An Dravadian decipherist, begins preaching to citizens of the port city of Lothal about an return of The’‘ Glorious Harappan Civilization.’‘ His sermons inspire most in the region. Aryan reliqous ways are quickly being disapanded for The cult of the ‘’Horned one’‘, An Militia is built up to defend the area, slowly massive migrations of people from The Southern India arrive to begin the Repopulation of the desert area.
600-586 B.C: Nebuchanezzar declares war on Judea, after years of brillant military tactics and intense training. Jerusalem is finally taken when King Zedikah is subdued and the kingdom of Judea is in Babylon’s hands. Prominent Jewish pay Phoenican Merchants to sail them away from the harsh hand of Nebuchadnezzar . In the year 585 B.C, set sail looking for an land full of opportunity, freedom and respect. After an year on the seas, The Hebrews land on the island dubbed ‘’New Laman.’‘
586-579: The Egyptian/Vedic war. For over the past fifteen years Rajan Sutikra has watched this revolution take place in his country. In July of 586 B.C. the small Indus militia raids an small military outpost on The Indus River. Sutrika sends an legion of men to go after The Militia. An battle ensues, and the Vedic armies crush
the rebels. Pharaoh Psamtik II after learning of the battle by his advisors declare war upon Vedic India. The Revamped Egyptian fleet built on Greek and Phoenican designs, arrives on the coast of Damnibad in 587 B.C when most of the Rebellion was being suppressed. Ships blockade the subcontinent’s coast allowing know other powers to help the Aryans and to let no Aryans escape. After successfully driving Aryans out of the Indus Valley. Egypt loose the upper hand when in the deep, dark, thick jungles of south India which is unknown territory for by the Vedic armies for at least two years. In the year 580 B.C. The Egyptian Legion captures an deserted Vedic soldier who helps lead them out of the jungle into the capital of the Vedic civilization, Maharishi. After six months of stratetigical planning finally take the city of Mahrishi. The Gramani of the city devises an treaty to end the war which has had heay tolls on the Vedic armies quickly run through the many councils and finally accepted by Rajaman Sutrika and Pharaoh Wahibre . The Treaty basically states.
1. That Indus Valley region shall be recognized as an independent nation. Governed by its own rulers and not by the Vedic Rajamen
2. The Egyptian fleet will remain in the Vedic sees for ten years regulating trade.
3 Egypt shall pay for the damages that their armies have caused to many of the Vedic villages.
578 B.C.: The former scribe takes the old position of Satavahana, Giving himself the name Varashikha II, In honor of the Harappan ruler named in the Rig Veda,takes to the throne as ruler of the new nation.The Government of the Indus Kingdom is formed. It positions of power is so
1. The whole kingdom shall be ruled by a Satavahana of Familial Heritage (Dynasty: When it comes time to choose the successor of the Satavahana, the people will vote to chose which family member takes the position. The Satavahana is the high priest over The Devajornic Religion and can declare war.
2. Representatives of the ten Indus Valley cities are chosen to be the voice of their cities the Indus house of Vricivan. These Vricivans can write and instate laws that will be fit to govern the nation. The Vricivans must also govern their respective cities. In order for The nation of Indus to go to war, an long drawn out process must take place where the Vricivans study the reason’s and the consequences of going to war. If The Vricivans find the cause of war unnecessary, terms of peace is ensued.
3.Women are granted the wright to vote for the representatives, and for their Satavahana. Women can hold positions of public office, and are able to own their own house. The most Powerful woman in the nation as wife of the Satavahana , which most of the time is the High Priestess of the Devajonic church and is the true leader of that section of power. The wife of Satavahana most of the time serves as the Ambassador to of the foreign nations.
579-onward: Nebechadnezzar II hears of rumors about Jewish settlements west of the red sea. The Babylonian king sends his best troops full of supplies and food in order to conquer the lands to make an edition to the empire of Mesopotamia. Four years later the fleet returns saying that the now Babylonian province of New Laman is militarily secured. Mesopotamian kings remain colonizing the area and ensuing trade with them. To other kingdoms, New Laman is just a myth.
559-330 B.C .: Cyprus the great founds the great Persian Empire, he conquers Mesopotamia and install’s the Achaemenid dynasty there. The Persians continue the secret trade routes with New Laman. In 546 sour trade relations with the Persians cause much discontent in the nation of Indus. Although Vricivans they veto the Satavahana Datri the first’s Declaration of war. Border skirmishes are endured and a few naval attacks never fully develops into a full blown war. Peace is ensued in 545 B.C.. The two empires remain at an easy peace for the almost the next two hundred years.
592-330 B.C.: Era of good feelings, Vedic Rajaman Siddhattha Gotama ascends to the throne. One of his goals is to mend the wounds with the Indus nation. During his rein as Rajaman Siddhattha an expansion northward of the subcontinent. Major colonization in areas located in (OTL Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh) begins After various sessions of with the councils of both kingdoms to create an mutual alliance with the two powers. One othe most memorable moments of Indus history is that of Satavahana Avara IIII shaking hands with the great Rajaman, who goes down in history as one of the Aryans best rulers.
The Egyptian and Kush(OTL Sudan) empires invade Axum(OTL Ethiopia) in 446 after an bloody and difficult war the Egyptian/Kushite alliance and divide the land up. This gives the Kushites ports on the Horn of Africa, Although now closer to the mines of Ophir, Kushite king Irike-Amanote doesn’t budge on move on the idea of moving south. Irike-Amanote and his successors focuses on counting trade with the Indus nation, Vedic India and other exotic regions. The once great empire is growing intensely weaker in governing the peoples, riots and raids are often as Egypt slips into a Deep Depression. Before then however Egyptian 387 B.C. constructs a canal linking The Mediterranean with the Red Sea, fortifies the Egyptian side protecting the crumbling Around 360 B.C. The Indus nation crosses The Mediterranean begins trade with the great city-states of greece.
359-323 B.C.: Hellenistic Macedonian Phillip II ascends to throne as regent, but places himself as the new king. His impressive Military Skills and expansionist ideas brings him success as an great military leader. In the period of 352-336 conquers Greece, Proceeds to invade the Persians and leads The powerful League of Corinth In winter of 338 B.C.. Satavahana Pacuharri the first succeeds Satavahana Datri III in 339 B.C., Sensing an eastern move by the Macedonians, Pacuharri sets up an alliance with the League of Corinth. Phillip II is Assassinated in 336 B.C., his son Alexander III who shared the expansionist ideas of his father and continued pushing eastward. In 334 B.C. Alexander takes Persian King Darius
III completing the Persian campaign. Persia now under the control of Alexander loose contact with the colonies of New Laman.. Alexander takes Upper Egypt during 332-332 B.C. and finally advancing Kushite armies secure Lower Egypt. The Great Civilization of Egypt is no more. Alexander ignores The Corinthian-Indusian alliance an begins toward The Nation of Indus in summer of 329 B.C.: Satavahana Pacuharri strengthens the old alliance between Vedic India. Both countries declare war on Macedonia in 328 B.C., In the time span of 328-326 B.C. thousands of men sign up to defend their respective countries. In Indus alone The Vricivans order the construction of two hundred Melukhkhan war ships to be built and manned. After trudging the dry air, hot sand and hot sun The Macedonian army is exhausted by the time they reach Sutkagen Dor in April 326 B.C.. Hundreds of archers man the city’s defensive walls directing their flaming arrows at the Macedonian Army. Thousands of Indusian and Aryan men stad tall with their large bronze shields and Maces, and Long spears battle with The Macedonian Phalanx. After only six hours of fighting The Indusian-Aryan alliance stand victorious. For the next three years the Macedonians occupy northern Indus, an series of inconclusive battles are fought and The Indusian Melukhkhan ships bombard Persian cities on the Saudi Arabian coast. Some ships even make it up the red sea and raid the cities of Upper Egypt. Finally in the city of Babylon The young Alexander III dies of an fever in June 10, 323 B.C. Although the fighting doesn’t officially cease, The three powers of Macedon, Indus, and Vedic India set up to meet in Babylon to work out an peace treaty.
323 B.C.: Division on An Empire: Regent Phillip III of Macedon is an excellent military Mastermind and Logical Philosopher takes to throne. As king he believes that the mostly loosley nit areas in the south an the east. He set up to meet with the three main existing powers (Kush ,Indus, Vedic India) to discuss dividing some of the Macedonian territories. After congressional meetings with all parties, The terms the come up in the following is stated in The treaty of Alexandria.
1. Macedon shall keep all of their holdings in the Mediterranean and all of the holdings in Mesopotamia.
2. The Nation of Indus received all of Asia Minor except for the costal cities of the territory. The Nation also receives land in( OTL Western Afghanistan).
3.The Empire of Kush receive all of upper Egypt except for the heavily Macedonian populated cities in the north. Although this land will later be taken by Carthage.
4. Vedic India is ceded all of the lands of ( OTL Saudi Arabia and eastern Afghanistan).
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Melvin Loh said:
Nitpick- Bengalis are from North-East India. They're not Southern Indians. Southern Indians (defining the "South" as India below the Deccan) would be Telegu, Tamils and Malayalees along with a host of others.