eh, might as well just get to the point.

Etymology
The name India as used by most European languages came from Latin: India, which came from ancient Greek: Ινδία (Indía) which is from Ινδός (Indós) [ the Indus river], which was borrowed from old Persian: (Hindūš), modern Farsi: هند‎‎ (Hend), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (Síndhu), which probably came from the verbal root सेधति (Sedhati) meaning to go or move.

POD
Now here's the POD. When the Latin language borrows the Greek word, it enters the language as Hindia rather than India (basically the same as with the word historia, which in ancient Greek was:
ιστορία (istoría)

From that point, everything is the same except India has an H in front of its name. We'd be talking about Hindia in English & Dutch, Hindien in German & Swedish, Hindland in Icelandic and Гиндия (Gindiya) in Russian etc.

This would nicely connect them with the Arabic: الهند (alhind) and the name Hindustan, which with slight variations is used in Tajik, Urdu, Punjabi, Pashto, Hindi and Turkish to name a few.

Exceptions
Some exceptions include Greek itself and possibly Italian. Greek because there's no H sound in Greek, that sound disappeared quite early on in the language and Italian because that language has (unlike its neighbouring languages) removed silent H in most of its words

Compare Portuguese: hora, horror, história, hemorragia, híbrido, hexágono.
With Italian: ora, orrore, storia, emorragia, ibrido, esagono.

So Italian keeping India as its standard isn't hard to imagine.

Speaking of Portuguese, I searched Hindia to see if I found something and apparently, Portuguese once wrote the name as Hindia, (now they spell it as Índia).

Additional differences in English
And at least for English, additional changes include: (West & East) Indies are now Hindies, and the old name for Native Americans would be Hindian(s).

Question
And does this small difference in the name make any huge world-changing difference I didn't take into account?
 
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Now here's the POD. When the Latin language borrows the Greek word, it enters the language as Hindia rather than India

I mean, the H was silent in Latin, so this all strikes me as kinda pointless. A POD for this would be the word India entering from Greek to Latin earlier before Heta disappeared (for instance, Herodotus called the Indians the "Hindoi").

This all strikes me as a little pointless, anyways. I don't see how this would have any consequences, and those it did would be pretty random. An alternate name with more of a consequence would be Pharotia or Pharetia, deriving directly from the Sanskrit "Bharata". I described it more here. Such a POD may result in "India" being a name associated with a mythical land which some (but not all) historians may identify as Pharotia. With even that, I'm not sure what changes this results in.
 
I mean, the H was silent in Latin, so this all strikes me as kinda pointless

This is classical Latin I'm talking about, and H wasn't silent then. It only became silent among the majority in the late Roman Empire, not during the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire.
 
I feel like this would make Europeans associate Hindia with Hinduism even more than IOTL, which could change their mindset vis a vis Hindians of other faiths.
 
I feel like this would make Europeans associate Hindia with Hinduism even more than IOTL, which could change their mindset vis a vis Hindians of other faiths.

I mean, I doubt it's possible for Europeans to associate India with Hinduism even more than OTL, considering that there's already that irksome tendency to refer to the Hindustani language as "Hindu" (akin to calling Arabic the "Muslim" language).

OTL, at least in France, the inhabitants of Hindoustan were called Hindou, so...

Really? Wasn't (or isn't) it called "Indoustan" or "Inde" in French? Like on this map?
 
Greek because there's no H sound in Greek, that sound disappeared quite early on in the language
I wouldn't say after the Hellenistic period is "early". So it'd be fairly easy to retain the rough breathing or H sound long enough to transmit more H-words or at least have it readded.
I'm not sure what difference it would make though.
 
I mean, I doubt it's possible for Europeans to associate India with Hinduism even more than OTL, considering that there's already that irksome tendency to refer to the Hindustani language as "Hindu" (akin to calling Arabic the "Muslim" language).



Really? Wasn't (or isn't) it called "Indoustan" or "Inde" in French? Like on this map?
I might mistake it for the English version. Hindou for the inhabitants is definitely the correct version but to be honest, the H is fully inexistent in French pronounciation. It only has three uses I can think of:
-syllable separation: you have two syllables made of vowel and you want to mark them as separate, put an h in.between
-as part of the ch sound
-to forbid a liaison (les Indes is pronounced les_z'Indes but famously, les haricots are not pronounced les_z'haricots).

So, my point is no impact as the two orthographs would be in competition regardless
 
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