I'm writing a book and I have a few questions.

I believe it was genuinely just "Norsk" in their language, and perhaps the Old Norse version of "Swedes" "Danes" etc. for more specificity.
 
I found this on Wikipedia, may be useful.

In the Old Norse language, the term norrœnir menn (northern men), was used correspondingly to the modern English name Norsemen, referring to Swedes, Danes, Norwegians, Faroe Islanders, Icelanders, etc.

The modern Scandinavian languages have a common word for Norsemen: the word nordbo, (Sw.: nordborna, Da.: nordboerne, No.: nordboerne or nordbuane in the definite plural) is used for both ancient and modern people living in the Nordic countries and speaking one of the Scandinavian Germanic languages.

The word Vikings: Vikinger in Danish and Norwegian Bokmål, and Vikingar in Swedish and Norwegian Nynorsk is not used as a word for Norsemen by natives, as "Viking" is the name for a specific activity/occupation (a "raid"), and not a demographic group. The Vikings were simply people (of any ethnicity, or origin) partaking in the raid (known as "going viking").

On occasions Finland is also mentioned as a "Scandinavian country". The Finnish language is not Germanic or even Indo-European, but Finland was for around six centuries a part of Sweden (late 12th century to 1809), and around 6% of the Finnish population still use Swedish as their first language. In the Åland islands Swedish is by far the dominant language, but elsewhere in Finland the share of Swedish-speaking people has been dropping ever since Finland gained independence in 1917,[citation needed] after the Russian Revolution. Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands are also geographically separate from the Scandinavian peninsula. The term Nordic countries is therefore used to encompass the Scandinavian countries, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroes and Finland
 
Does anyone know what the Norsemen called themselves, for starters?
It depended either from their place of origin or their familial relations, or they adopted the name foreigners gave them when they settled in their lands (most notably, Normans which called themselves as such in the matter of one to two generations)

In the Old Norse language, the term norrœnir menn (northern men)
True, but that's a generic name used in Old Icelandic Norse for any Scandinavian not from Iceland, as well with the more precise meaning of Norwegian.
Austmaðr (Easterling) was also used in this sense, altough it could AFAIK, be used for Swedes. Note that Norses that raided Ireland called themselves likewise or Ostmen, again as a generic denomination.

It's a bit outside my comfort zone, arguably, but it depends if we're talking of Norsemen as they raided and settled other places, or if we're talking of their names in their own lands.
 
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Both? Exonym I know, I'm looking for the endonym they used among themselves for themselves, if anyone knows it.
It depends from where they came from, I guess, for anything non-generic : in modern Sweden only, you had three big groups, the Sviar, the Gautar and the Gutr.
Probably these identities weren't incompatible with other endonyms that related to another scale.
 
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