Hans Scholl, Alexander Schmorell, Christoph Probst, and Willi Graf were medical students. Their studies were regularly interrupted by terms of compulsory service as student soldiers in the Wehrmacht medical corps at the
Eastern Front. Their experience during this time had a major impact on their thinking, and had motivated their resistance, as it led to disillusionment with the Nazi regime.
[19] Alexander Schmorell, who was born in
Orenburg and raised by Russian nurses, spoke perfect Russian, which allowed him to have a direct contact and communication with the local Russian population and their plight. This Russian insight proved invaluable during their time there, and he could convey to his fellow White Rose members what was not understood or even heard by other Germans coming from the Eastern front.
[6]
In summer 1942, several members of the White Rose had to serve for three months on the Russian front alongside many other male medical students from the University of Munich. There, they observed the horrors of war, saw beatings and other mistreatment of Jews by the Germans, and heard about the persecution of the Jews from reliable sources.
[20] Some witnessed atrocities of the war on the battlefield and against civilian populations in the East. In a letter to his sister Anneliese, Willi Graf wrote: "I wish I had been spared the view of all this which I had to witness."
[21] Gradually, detachment gave way to the conviction that something had to be done. It was not enough to keep to oneself one's beliefs, and ethical standards, but the time had come to act.
[4]
The members of the White Rose were fully aware of the risks they incurred by their acts of resistance:
I knew what I took upon myself and I was prepared to lose my life by so doing.
— From the interrogation of Hans Scholl.