Final update before I finish it I think. This update will detail Central America, Asia and Oceania.
One of the areas that did not benefit from Climate Change was Central America. Beset by increasing humidity with subsequent crop failures and a rise in plaguing mosquitoes, political instability reached breaking point in the mid 2050s and set off the collapse of states the beginning of new migrations. This second Volkswanderung -the scholarly consensus of which includes mass migrations from the Middle East to Europe and Central Africa and from South Asia north- was born primarily by Mexico but also Colombia, the Venezuelan states and the then United States. These migrations began to peter out towards the beginning of the 22nd century but left a shambolic mess of drug-addled dictatorships and anarchy where Central America used to be. A joint operation agreed upon and largely supplied by Brazil, China and Canada began in 2110 and as of 2126 remains a joint-occupation after several attempts at propping up varying republics and regimes failed. Beijing, Ottawa and Brasilia are hoping they can withdraw by 2130 but are currently in disagreement as to the forms the new, directly appointed governments should take.
With American influence being removed in a new period of isolationism in the late 2010s the Middle East was left to Russian, Iranian and later Chinese devices. Syria despite all of Russia's attempts to prop up the local regime did not last and Psykes-Picot became a thing of the past when Iraq too fell apart. Attempted Israeli expansion into Lebanon -admittedly egged on by an extremist group occupying the northern strip of the Israeli-Lebanese border- prompted an invasion by the newly minted Mesopotamia and Saudi Arabia -a strange turn of events given the two's prior antagonisms- and would eventually draw in Turkey and Jordan on the Israeli side. Iran, for their part were satisfied to sit this conflict out due to already having effective suzerainty over Iraq and Kurdistan at this point though they would later support a concurrent if separate conflict against Turkey to expand their satellite's territory.
This by and large lead to the end of Israel, though a fairly extreme Jewish state would continue to hold Jerusalem and a strip of coastline well until the present. It also lead to a reduction in Jordanian territory. Despite this victory, Saudi Arabia at least would not last as increasing desertification and a failing oil prices spelt the end of their economic productivity. They eventually collapsed, the parts still livable being absorbed by their neighbours and the Holy Cities reviving the Hashemite throne and unifying with Jordan. Of course by this point Chinese influence in the Middle East was truly established and Mesopotamia and Jordan-Hejaz became Chinese satellites.
China's attempts to subdue India via proxy were largely foiled by accident. Afghanistan's collapse was precipitated by a brief revival in Islamic extremism, ethnic strife and a failure to adapt to radical shifts in climate. This violence rocked Pakistan and fueled nationalistic reactionary policies that only ended up increasing issues. A renewed conflict in Kashmir against India eventually developed into an all-out war that despite heavy assistance from China -which did succeed in separating India from Kashmir- lead to a Pakistani collapse and occupation of Punjab and Sindh. Despite being closer to Pakistan than India, with their demise Iran turned to India over time and formed a strong alliance that permeates to this day.
Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan benefited greatly from climate change; a re-flooding of the Aral Sea and an expansion of the Caspian lead to a revitalization of fisheries in both countries, submerged harmful salt-laden soil thus preventing it from being blown over fertile land, and has revitalised and increased the size of pastureland in both countries. Aside this, increased Chinese economic activity and eventually new markets emerging both from the north and west upon the collapse of Russia has lead to the two -and much of Central Asia- becoming an economic powerhouse and the centre of the new Silk Road network that interconnects the Middle East with North-Eastern Europe and East Asia. By region, Central Asia is the richest location on Earth.
Alongside these two, though with different political realities, Siberia has awoken as a broad breadbasket supplying much of Asia and Africa and dominating the cattle market. This has drawn ranchers and plantation workers from across the world, and the renewed Siberian identity is complemented by large minorities of Texans, Spaniards, Christian Chadians, Somalis, refugee Aimaqs, Uzbeks and Tibetans.
India would be rather familiar to anyone from OTL, though with megalopoli spreading across the nation like splayed entrails housing no less than 2 billion people and connected by built up and hyper-efficient railways. New Delhi, with a greater metropolitan population of 42 million, is the most populous city in the world. It absorbed Bangladesh when it collapsed due by and large to flooding, the positive side effect being that -along with Punjab and Sindh- with so many more Muslims under the government's care Hindu nationalism is very much a fringe movement. Every large religion is represented in some way in India, but vibrant Hinduism remains the most visible and and praised. Building up a web of allies such as the Intermarium, several south-Arabian nations -going so far as to annex Aden-, Japan, Thailand and Mexico, Hinduism is proliferating throughout much of the world if in a largely syncretic fashion.
Japan bombed out at 80 million people after several decades of population decline and only with relatively enormous increases in immigration and several iterations of natalist governments has the nation managed a net increase of their population. As a side effect, the younger generations are far less xenophobic and relations between Tokyo and Beijing have been normalised. The Hokkaido government is the result of a rebellion by primarily the Ainu but also other ethnic minorities that were allowed into the wintry province by not in the more metropolitan south. They established an Injunctivist government and have long been an ally of China.
Korea was one of the sadder notes of the 21st century. With American protection removed by 2025 the North launched a barrage of sub-atomic weapons and an invasion; of course this was rebuffed and rolled over by an enraged South, who were in turn invaded and occupied by China -who in the process slaughtered the Kim family, who had outlived their purpose- and established a pro-Chinese and unified government that was essentially an extension of Beijing itself. This was followed by about 50 years of occupation and a further 20 of normalisation as the Injuctivist philosophy was proliferated and now Korea is a staunchly pro-Beijing nation that has largely forgotten the terrible decades under Chinese occupation despite it being relatively recent. (And helped in no small part by Chinese censors and propaganda)
The United Commonwealth of Australia and Singapore ranks highly on the list of 'unexpected geopolitical developments'. Increasingly close relations between Indonesia and Malaya and Australia and Singapore gave birth to two unions, one a bit less believable than the other. Nevertheless with a healthy economic relationship, similar priorities in an ocean of increasing Chinese influence and preexisting military doctrines the integration of Australia and Singapore was rather simple. Australia in and of itself is becoming an increasingly important power even as it under Chinese influence due to their enormous energy industry, rice farming on the coast of Cape York and large-scale geoengineering projects to unlock the full potential of the Artesian Basin. The latter development has greened up the interior substantially and lead to a population boom of some 63 million. The City of Diamantina, located at the nexus between three small seas, has some 2 million people alone.
Final update will have basically everything I've written plus some stuff for Canada, Russia, more of Africa and the Space Elevators plus all that good stuff about culture and technology.
