The Israelis had Jericho 1 missiles with ranges of between 500-750 km which were nuclear capable, these had been available since around 1969 - they were deployed on mobile launchers. Warheads were guessed to be around the 20-30kt mark (although they could have been anything), the are indications they were also armed with HE and Chemical warheads.
The Jerichos would have most probably be used against cities or large fixed targets like airbases whereas air delivered tactical weapons would have been carried by F4E and A4 aircraft.
My guess is that, while it depends on the circumstances, the Israelis would probably do both. Try to hit the schwerpunkt, but also hit strategic targets. The reality is that the Golan was a pretty compressed front, so the Soviets or Syrians couldn't spread out *too* far.