The issue of population control in the slave/black population would, at least in part, come to rest on economics. As long as slaves represented a significant capital value, increase among "your" slaves represents new value. If the need for unskilled/semiskilled slave labor diminishes, say with mechanization of agriculture, then the value of slaves drops and the cost of raising a slave until they are either productive or saleable at a profit goes up. At his point, a slave owner will want to restrict breeding of slaves, and various birth control measures will be instituted - of which gelding is the most obvious and familiar for agriculturalists. Until you have long lasting hormone shots for birth control, which is way in the future, castration or vasectomy is the only sure means in that neither require any cooperation on the part of the participants (condoms, taking the birth control pill, etc all require cooperation).
Of course, if the CSA becomes concerned about the actual size of the slave/black population these measures will also be instituted. Abortion as a reliable and relatively safe procedure is not really there in the mid 19th century, some abortion inducing herbs exist, but are for early pregnancy and are risky.
Of course, if the CSA becomes concerned about the actual size of the slave/black population these measures will also be instituted. Abortion as a reliable and relatively safe procedure is not really there in the mid 19th century, some abortion inducing herbs exist, but are for early pregnancy and are risky.