It's hard to say. I'm inclined to think that the Second Republic, for which I have a soft spot, couln't have survived for long for structural reasons.
Mutatis Mutandis, and excepting, of course, the trauma of military defeat, there are a number of similarities between the Second Republic and the Weimar Republic, especailly when it comes to weaknesses. Louis-Philippe, ableit very impopular, has been ousted from power by a urban, proto-socialist revolution. Whereas many peasants welcomed the revolution, a rift appeared between Socialists and Liberals and the more conservative majority of the population, escpecially in rural areas where the nobility and landlords had much power. Note that many Royalists, who hated Louis-Philippe, thought that the universal suffrage would bring them back to power.
The Liberals, who dominated the Republic in the first months, crushed Socialist demonstrations in Paris and Lyon, and sided themselves with the Conservatives and Monarchists. Incidentally, they favoured the electoral victory of the Monarchists in 1848, who supported Louis-Napoleon, very popular because of his Napoleonic aura and his socially advanced speeches, for the -then direct- presidential election, thinking that he would bring back a king. Thiers, who acted at the time as Von Papen would some 80 yeras later, explained to his political friends that Louis-Napoleon was "an idiot we will drive the way we want". He had the same success as Von Papen with...Well, you know...