CHAPTER II: CONFLICTS IN THE EAST
In the June of 1788 the Great Eastern War had begun as a small war between the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Sweden called the Russo-Swedish War at the time. This war was supposed to remain small, however, all of a sudden, on November 10th, 1788 the Kingdom of France declared war on the Russian Empire. France had done so to expand its colonial empire in order to compete with Great Britain and Siberia seemed like the perfect new colony. Not only was it titanic, but it was sparsely colonized which would prevent rebellions from Orthodox Russians that currently inhabited Siberia. Britain considered declaring war on France, however, the colonies were still rebellious and another conflict right after a civil war was certainly less than ideal. Meanwhile, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth declared war on the Russian Empire on January 2nd, 1789 as an attempt to become a new European power in the East and to get revenge on Russia for a partition of its land with Austria and Prussia that occurred in 1772. After Poland-Lithuania’s involvement in the Great Eastern War, the Kingdom of Prussia joined the war on the side of Russia, fearing that if the Commonwealth won the growing empire would declare war on Prussia next. The Kingdom of Prussia entered the Great Eastern War on January 14th, 1789 on the side of Russia. Prussia was capable of pushing back Commonwealth forces for a while, however, eventually the Commonwealth began to defeat Prussia’s army thanks to the French general, Napoleon Bonaparte. Formerly an artillery officer, Bonaparte rose through the ranks of the French military during the Great Eastern War. His genius tactics used on the Russian front helped with the capture of St. Petersburg. By the March of 1790 Napoleon Bonaparte had become a French general at the young age of 20.
General Napoleon Bonaparte later in life.
Many were skeptical of Bonaparte becoming a general at such a young age, so when King Stanislaw II Augustus of Poland-Lithuania requested help in the fight against the Prussians, General Bonaparte was eager to show off his abilities to his fellow French. Immediately Napoleon and his forces began to push back the Prussians to the point of surrendering on August 7th, 1790. It would only take another month for Russia to surrender on September 8th, 1790. Around the same time France began to reform its government by granting slightly more power to the Third Estate in order to assure that there would not be a commoner revolt in France. The belligerents met in Sweden’s capital of Stockholm. The treaty resulted with Poland-Lithuania annexing ethnically Ukrainian land which would become part of the new third kingdom that would make up the Commonwealth, the Kingdom of Ruthenia. Poland-Lithuania was transformed into the Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth, or more commonly known as the Triple Commonwealth. Sweden would annex land as well, and both the Commonwealth and Sweden annexed land from Prussia. France would annex Siberia and Russian America, which was renamed to Aleutia, after a group of natives living there. In future years Siberia would be heavily colonized by the French and Bonaparte would later be declared the first governor of Siberia in 1794. He would also design the flag of Siberia that took inspiration from the flag of France’s capital, Paris.
Now that Russia had been severely weakened, the balance of power in Eastern Europe suddenly changed. Meanwhile, British North America witnessed another round of rebellions.