Greek War of Independence -part 1
Based on: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence
After years of preparation, the stage was ripe for a Greek War of Independence. In March 1821, the Greeks revolted against the Ottoman Empire in Wallachia and Central Greece, the Peloponnese having revolted in January. Further inspired by the independence of Serbia and potential Russian and Austrian support when the Ottomans were at war with Persia, Ali Pasha, Wallachia and watching Serbia and with the Great Powers distracted by Italy and Iberia, the Greek Revolution took momentum and Alexander Ypsilantis, having marched from Wallachia to Greece with the support of Tudor Vladimirescu and several Serbs, boosted Greek morale while Wallachia was defeated by July 1821 and Serbia was reconquered by Ottoman troops in 1822, being given a greater emphasis over Greece on land. Having defeated the Wallachians and Serbs, the opportunity to quickly defeat the Greeks was gone. Even worse, the Ottomans lost diplomatic support, which wasn't guaranteed despite its role in maintaining the post-Napoleonic order for the fact that it was non-Christian and the target of several empires involved in the order through the Congress of Vienna [Austria and Russia].
News of atrocities against the Greeks, Wallachians and Serbs further angered Austria and Russia and led to preparations for war. With Serbia being annexed after July 1822, the subsequent massacres of Serbs, Wallachians and Greeks led to Austrian and Russian anger against the Ottomans, who were considered as infidel collaborators with nationalists, non-Christians [especially devotees and conservatives] and rebels. This would lead to war with the Ottomans in 1823 between the Great Powers on the Greek side and the Ottomans.
Based on: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence
In Greece proper [Central Greece and the Peloponnese] and at sea, the war was more successful for the Greeks. Rebellion was extremely strong in the Peloponnese based on tradition and the Greek rebels linked up with the unconquered Maniots from the south a week after revolutionary war was declared on 17 March 1821. This would lead to the capture of Kalamata on 25 March and the formation of a Greek national government. At Patras, news of the Greek revolution would lead to its formalization and acceptance by Archbishop Germanos of Patras, leading to victories for Greek revolutionaries. By April 1821, the Peloponnese was totally in Greek control, apart from besieged fortresses and cities cut off from land, but able to be supplied by sea. Ali Pasha and Wallachia were to be defeated first before the Ottomans could recapture Greece with their troops and massacres of Greeks became commonplace in Ottoman Europe, Anatolia and the Aegean coast. Livadeia was captured on 5 April 1821 and this doomed the Ottoman city of Tripolitsa.
Revolution spread like contagion in Central Greece on the orders of Greek revolutionary organizations and the city of Athens was entered in late April 1821. The rebellion spread further and this led to Central Greece being liberated of the Ottomans in June 1821 for Greek revolutionary operations, supply and safety. Nevertheless, they had to use country roads to bypass Ottoman-controlled cities and forts. To prepare for the siege of Tripolitsa, the village of Valtetsi was taken along with several others that made idea defence positions and an Ottoman counteroffensive using local troops from Central Greece failed with heavy losses and a rout around this village. After failed battles around Thermopylae, used as a defence position by the Greeks, failed by August 1821, the city of Tripolitsa surrendered in the same month [earlier than reality due to a tighter Greek blockade, other mentioned battles happening slightly later than reality]. By 1 January 1822, Central Greece was secured by revolutionaries.
To the north, Macedonia was threatened by Greeks from Thrace and the northern Aegean, but harsh Ottoman reprisals were inflicted on the Greek population, just lesser than inflicted in liberated Greece or places affected by the aforementioned massacres. Reinforced from the Aegean islands, resistance was futile as by May 1822, the Greek revolution in Thrace and Macedonia was defeated with the survivors captured, executed, scattered or fleeing to Psara [which assisted the revolution in Macedonia, among other Greek islands in the Aegean and with these islands accepting refugees from the Ottomans] and liberated Greece. The island of Crete was to be secured by Muhammad Ali of Egypt while the insurgency of Cyprus was defeated as in reality, with harsher repercussions for Greeks on the Ottoman controlled islands further west or closer to the Turkish coast geographically. Cyprus would never revolt in support of Greece again due to harsh measures, while Crete would divert the troops of Muhammad Ali of Egypt from the liberated Greek mainland.
At sea, the Greek revolutionaries had an inferior navy, but countered the issue with selected defences or battle sites and fireships. Nevertheless, an insurgency in Chios was defeated with massacres of its Greek population. Also, revolts in Epirus and Serbia failed in June 1822. Nevertheless, the Ottomans were able to reorganize their weakened forces and launch a large scale offensive under Dramali Pasha that ended in disaster in November 1822 and the few survivors [below 500] were forced to retreat in disaster over December [later than in reality due to the need to defeat Serbia]. Nauplia and Dramali Pasha's defeat led to Nauplia falling in December 1822. Messolonghi also resisted sieges from 1822 to 1824 while the war at sea and on the islands became worse for the Ottomans.
After years of preparation, the stage was ripe for a Greek War of Independence. In March 1821, the Greeks revolted against the Ottoman Empire in Wallachia and Central Greece, the Peloponnese having revolted in January. Further inspired by the independence of Serbia and potential Russian and Austrian support when the Ottomans were at war with Persia, Ali Pasha, Wallachia and watching Serbia and with the Great Powers distracted by Italy and Iberia, the Greek Revolution took momentum and Alexander Ypsilantis, having marched from Wallachia to Greece with the support of Tudor Vladimirescu and several Serbs, boosted Greek morale while Wallachia was defeated by July 1821 and Serbia was reconquered by Ottoman troops in 1822, being given a greater emphasis over Greece on land. Having defeated the Wallachians and Serbs, the opportunity to quickly defeat the Greeks was gone. Even worse, the Ottomans lost diplomatic support, which wasn't guaranteed despite its role in maintaining the post-Napoleonic order for the fact that it was non-Christian and the target of several empires involved in the order through the Congress of Vienna [Austria and Russia].
News of atrocities against the Greeks, Wallachians and Serbs further angered Austria and Russia and led to preparations for war. With Serbia being annexed after July 1822, the subsequent massacres of Serbs, Wallachians and Greeks led to Austrian and Russian anger against the Ottomans, who were considered as infidel collaborators with nationalists, non-Christians [especially devotees and conservatives] and rebels. This would lead to war with the Ottomans in 1823 between the Great Powers on the Greek side and the Ottomans.
Based on: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence
In Greece proper [Central Greece and the Peloponnese] and at sea, the war was more successful for the Greeks. Rebellion was extremely strong in the Peloponnese based on tradition and the Greek rebels linked up with the unconquered Maniots from the south a week after revolutionary war was declared on 17 March 1821. This would lead to the capture of Kalamata on 25 March and the formation of a Greek national government. At Patras, news of the Greek revolution would lead to its formalization and acceptance by Archbishop Germanos of Patras, leading to victories for Greek revolutionaries. By April 1821, the Peloponnese was totally in Greek control, apart from besieged fortresses and cities cut off from land, but able to be supplied by sea. Ali Pasha and Wallachia were to be defeated first before the Ottomans could recapture Greece with their troops and massacres of Greeks became commonplace in Ottoman Europe, Anatolia and the Aegean coast. Livadeia was captured on 5 April 1821 and this doomed the Ottoman city of Tripolitsa.
Revolution spread like contagion in Central Greece on the orders of Greek revolutionary organizations and the city of Athens was entered in late April 1821. The rebellion spread further and this led to Central Greece being liberated of the Ottomans in June 1821 for Greek revolutionary operations, supply and safety. Nevertheless, they had to use country roads to bypass Ottoman-controlled cities and forts. To prepare for the siege of Tripolitsa, the village of Valtetsi was taken along with several others that made idea defence positions and an Ottoman counteroffensive using local troops from Central Greece failed with heavy losses and a rout around this village. After failed battles around Thermopylae, used as a defence position by the Greeks, failed by August 1821, the city of Tripolitsa surrendered in the same month [earlier than reality due to a tighter Greek blockade, other mentioned battles happening slightly later than reality]. By 1 January 1822, Central Greece was secured by revolutionaries.
To the north, Macedonia was threatened by Greeks from Thrace and the northern Aegean, but harsh Ottoman reprisals were inflicted on the Greek population, just lesser than inflicted in liberated Greece or places affected by the aforementioned massacres. Reinforced from the Aegean islands, resistance was futile as by May 1822, the Greek revolution in Thrace and Macedonia was defeated with the survivors captured, executed, scattered or fleeing to Psara [which assisted the revolution in Macedonia, among other Greek islands in the Aegean and with these islands accepting refugees from the Ottomans] and liberated Greece. The island of Crete was to be secured by Muhammad Ali of Egypt while the insurgency of Cyprus was defeated as in reality, with harsher repercussions for Greeks on the Ottoman controlled islands further west or closer to the Turkish coast geographically. Cyprus would never revolt in support of Greece again due to harsh measures, while Crete would divert the troops of Muhammad Ali of Egypt from the liberated Greek mainland.
At sea, the Greek revolutionaries had an inferior navy, but countered the issue with selected defences or battle sites and fireships. Nevertheless, an insurgency in Chios was defeated with massacres of its Greek population. Also, revolts in Epirus and Serbia failed in June 1822. Nevertheless, the Ottomans were able to reorganize their weakened forces and launch a large scale offensive under Dramali Pasha that ended in disaster in November 1822 and the few survivors [below 500] were forced to retreat in disaster over December [later than in reality due to the need to defeat Serbia]. Nauplia and Dramali Pasha's defeat led to Nauplia falling in December 1822. Messolonghi also resisted sieges from 1822 to 1824 while the war at sea and on the islands became worse for the Ottomans.
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