The Baker-Trudeau coalition
"What we have here, is a government" - Baker announces the end of coalition talks, holding up the Montreal Agreement.
The
Baker-Trudeau coalition was formed by Charles Baker and Justin Trudeau when King Henry IX invited Baker to form a new government, following the resignation of Prime Minister Diana Spencer on the 18th of June 2016, after the general election on the 11th. It was the UP's first coalition government since the Churchill Wartime ministry of 1942-1947. The coalition was led by Baker as Prime Minister with Trudeau as Deputy Prime Minister and composed of members of both Bakers' centre-right Conservative Party and Trudeau's French-speaking party, Union Des Francophones. The UdF being handed three portfolios, Social Servies, Transport and the Environment, under the terms of the arrangement.
The election had been a relatively tight race, and while the Conservatives had emerged as the largest party in the new Parliament, they were now 12 seats short of a majority. While some talk was given about forming a minority government, party elder former Prime Minister Geroge Bush, Earl of Greenwich, advised strongly against this course of action and urged Baker to seek a coalition partner. After the King signalled this was his preference, Baker began talks with the only party willing to open negotiations, Justin Trudeau's UdF. Thanks to a divided vote, the party had done exceptionally well in the election, dominating the results in Quebec, southern Louisiana, and French-speaking areas of Canada and Michigan.
The talks began on the 20th and were held in Montreal, a significant concession to the UdF. Trudeau opened discussions with the long-standing demand of the party, making French a co-equal official language with English, with the long-term goal of official bilingualism. While Trudeau knew this wouldn't happen, he felt obligated to place it on the table, come what may. Baker, aware of this, traded it for increased funding to French-language schools in non-French provinces, providing political cover to Trudeau. Elements within the party attempted to force Trudeau to obtain a pledge to allow Quebec to hold an independence referendum, but he refused, having spent the past decade transforming the former
Patri Quebecois into a broad church French-speakers party; he feared doing so would shatter party unity, and alienate pro-union forces that dominated the UdF outside the province,
After three and half weeks of negotiations, the Montreal agreement was completed and accepted by both parties, allowing them to form government at the invitation of the King on the 8th of July, ending the Spencer Government, which had remained in caretaker mode; there was, however, one last crisis to deal with. Trudeau had demanded the right for his MPs to address the House in French, and written translations to be provided. Since this was technically illegal, the King revoked the 1904 Parliamentary Language Act in a rare use of his absolute authority.
The government would prove to be relatively moderate and surprisingly stable, undergoing no full reshuffles during its term. However, Baker's narrow lead on the Labour party throughout the lifespan of the coalition meant he never felt confident enough to call for an early election, instead seeing through the whole term of the 53rd UP Parliament to its conclusion and going on to win a narrow majority in the 2021 election, ending the coalition.