Where should the next update take place ?

  • The Battle of Santa Fe

    Votes: 3 18.8%
  • The Guns of Cherbourg

    Votes: 6 37.5%
  • The Fourth Battle of Toledo

    Votes: 5 31.3%
  • Battle of the Rhone

    Votes: 2 12.5%

  • Total voters
    16
  • Poll closed .
The Commonwealth of American States in the 1830's Part I
The Commonwealth of American States
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In the Commonwealth of American States the 1830’s began with a Chancellor’s Election. Following the House of Delegates Election in 1829 the Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party cemented its control on the House of Delegates causing many to assume that Andrew Jackson would be in the Chancellor’s office come March of 1832. However, the Commonwealth Chartist Party was not quite ready to lie down and die just yet. When it came time for the Chancellor’s Election The Commonwealth Chartist Party would nominate the Retired General Henry Lee IV of Virginia. Lee was the most well known pro expansion member of the CCP and was a war hero same as Jackson, but also came from a family of heroes in Virginia. Of course the CMDP nominated Andrew Jackson of North Carolina. Lee would give Jackson more of a contest that Jackson had expected as Lee’s platform centered on Bringing the Island of Hispaniola into the Commonwealth as a state and their by expanding the Commonwealth, Jackson at first was opposed to this as many of the CMDP delegates wanted to divide the Territory of Hispaniola between the states. While Jackson focused his speech on forcing the issue of a toll free Mississippi River on the Republic of Louisiana, and bring Cuba into the Commonwealth via Carrot or Stick. The First Vote would hang with Jackson in the lead but short of the two vote majority. Between the two ballots Jackson would agree to the statehood of Hispaniola and to giving Lee a seat in the Cabinet with this deal in place Jackson would win on the second votes.

Chancellor Election of 1832.
First Vote: The vote is hung Jackson has more votes but short the 2 vote majority needed to win.
Andrew Jackson (CMDP-NC) 38 Votes
Henry Lee IV (CCP-VA) 37 Votes

Second Vote: Jackson wins by 3 votes.
Andrew Jackson (CMDP-NC) 39 Votes
Henry Lee IV (CCP-VA) 36 Votes

Jackson’s cabinet would be created in accordance to Cabinet Act of 1822 consisted of
Speaker of House: Gerard Chittocque Brandon (CMDP-GA)
Secretary of War: Henry Lee IV (CCP-VA)

Foreign Secretary: William Henry Harrison (CMDP-VA)
Secretary of State: Alexander Churchill (SNA-MD)
Secretary of Treasury: Cornelius Roosevelt (CMDP-Va)
Minister of Territorial Affairs: Archibald Tombs (CMDP-Sc)

The Jackson administration would commence with its plans to expand the Commonwealth on November 1, 1832 when The House of Delegates Voted to allow the Commonwealth Territory of Hispaniola became the sixth state known as Dominica after they submitted a proposed State
Constitution that complied with the Commonwealth Charter and included a provision that English would be the language of Government and would be taught in addition to Spanish, and french. Their statehood would become official on November 10, 1833 but they would hold elections on November 8, 1832. Jackson’s administration would also pass the Naval Act of 1832 which provided for the construction of 8 more ships of the line and 12 more frigates and 50 sloops. All of the Frigates and Sloops were to be steam powered, it also expanded the Marine Regiment to a Brigade and promote Colonel Winfield Scott the Marine Regiment’s Commander to Brigadier General.

The 1831 House of Delegates Election would see the largest expansion in the membership of the House in the History of the Commonwealth following the 1830 census and the addition of the State of Dominica, the House would almost double going from 75 seats in the 1829 election to 147 in 1832(1). The story or the new house breakdown wasn’t that Virginia dominated the chamber but that North Carolina and Georgia thanks to skill full immigration recruitment had managed to narrow the gap with North Carolina closing to just 8 seats shy of Virginia. The election of 1832 would see the Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party keep control of the House of Delegates, With the Commonwealth Chartist Party gaining seats, and the State Nationalist Alliance would see its caucus split between the Hawk and Dove wings of the party; with the doves having 14 seats and the Hawks having 11. The rally of the CCP and the dove Wing of the SNA were due in large part to the Turkish Immigrant voting block who had seen enough of war in their native lands and disliked the expansionist approach that the CMDP was taking.

Election of 1831
Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party: 76 seats
Commonwealth Chartist Party: 45 seats
State Nationalist Alliance: 25 seats
Anti Masonic Party: 1 seat

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With his party retaining power in the House of Delegates, Jackson was free fully implement his agenda. He began by having Secretary of Treasury: Cornelius Roosevelt (CMDP-Va) create a discretionary funds account for the office of the Chancellor. From this account Jackson would fund a new wave of Filibusters across North and Central America, and the Caribbean Sea. The strongest focus of these Filibusters concentrations were in Louisiana and Cuba. Although the Mississippi War would come along in 1837 and allowed the annexation of the Republic of Louisiana into the Commonwealth. Cuba would take Longer to influence into coming into joining the Commonwealth but when it did join the Commonwealth it would be the ultimate victory of the Filibuster campaign. Later in his life Jackson would consider his support of the Filibusters was one of his most proudest accomplishments.

On a more above the counter legal note Jackson would use the period between 1832 and 1835 would be the most productive period of Jackson’s administration. It was during this period that Jackson was introduced to a South Carolina inventor named Isac McKnight he had developed a new gun with an new ammo that seemed promising. McKnight was a gun smith who had spent his life working at various arms companies around the world most notably he had worked with French Gunsmith Clement Pottet who had developed the first Center fire Cartridge back in 1829 (2); and with Samuel Colt (3) in the Federal Arsenal in New York, where he had seed Colts early work on his revolvers. McKnight had developed his own version of both technologies and combined the two. The McKnight Bullet was a fully contained Brass casing with a Conical Bullet at the top, at the base was the McKnight Primer. (4) McKnight married his bullet with his revolver designs to create the McKnight Revolver which was not only the first revolver to have a brass cartridge. When Chancellor Jackson and Secretary of War Lee met with McKnight at the Palmetto Armory in Charleston S.C. McKinght had not only his cartridge and revolver handgun to show off but a full length and carbine version of a prototype Revolving Rifle using his cartridge.

The pistol was featured a nine shot .40 caliber revolver where its 9-shot cylinder revolves around a separate central barrel of larger caliber than the chambers in the cylinder proper. The central barrel is smooth-bore and can function as a short-barreled .60 caliber or 20 gauge shotgun with the shooter selecting whether to fire from the cylinder or the smooth-bore barrel by flipping a lever on the end of the hammer. Flipping the lever up caused the movable striker to fall upon the primer set directly under the hammer, discharging the lower barrel, while leaving it in the standard position would fire the chambers in the cylinder, much like any other revolver. The Revolver was reloaded by pulling a pin on the front go the trigger guard which caused the butt of the gun to drop allowing for the rear of the cylinder and central tube to be exposed and the spent casings extracted and new bullets loaded. Thee carbine and Rifle were designed along the same pattern as the pistol but had a longer barrel and were chambered in a more powerful .45-70 caliber round. The Rifle and Carbine version both featured a lug to attach a bayonet something unheard of for Carbines at that time.

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Both Jackson and Lee (who had not agreed on anything since before the war of 1805) were in agreement. McKnight was given a high level job at the massive Old Dominion Arsenal in Richmond, Virginia, and the Commonwealth Army bought his patients out right and complete for just over 500,000 Continental Gold Dollars (They would have to scrap 4 ships of line to come up with this money); as both men were in complete and total agreement the House of Delegates would have no problem passing the 1833 Small arms and Ordnance Act.

The McKnight family of small and long arms would be adopted as the 1833 McKnight Richmond Rifle, 1833 McKnight Palmetto Carbine,, and McKnight Augusta Revolver. Based upon the arsenal that each model was initially produced in. Although the complexity of the guns would make production difficult at first once production of the parts had been standardized production would become quicker. The production of ammunition for the guns would be done in North Carolina’s two small armories at Nashville and Raleigh, North Carolina, as well as St. Augustine Florida. The weapons would first see action with Scott’s Marine Brigade in the Mississippi War in 1837. By the end of the decade enough have been produced to equip one Infantry Division and one Cavalry Division in the Armies of each of the Continental States; as well as the entire Falkland Defense Force wit (all 6,000 men). The State Government of Falkland chose the carbine version for its entire force because it “better fit the fighting style of the Falkland Defense Force” there was also the fact that it was cheaper than the long rifle version.

The Generals of the Commonwealth were quick to realize that these new small and long arms were a game changers as one man equipped and trained with a McKnight Rifle or Carbine had the fire power of a company armed with traditional muskets or rifles. The only thing close was the Northerners in the Federal Republic with their Breech loading Hall Rifle and their new model Breech Loading Rifle with an improved breech loading system that was starting to enter service.
Secretary of War Henry Lee IV and the Commonwealth Commanding General Judah Gildstine formed a committee of Generals two from each state army to come up with new tactical theories for deploying unis armed with the new rapid firing rifles. The results of this committee would not be completed until the 1840’s.

The Massive military spending by the Commonwealth Government made a lot of state governments unhappy as the Commonwealth levy duties upon the states to get its funding not the citizens of the states. This would lead to the Commonwealth Chartist Party receiving lots of support from elected state government officials going into the 1834 Election. This push would be met by the Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party’s grassroots support. The results would see the CMDP retain the Majority but see the CCP and the SNA make inroads into their majority.

Election of 1834
Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party: 68 seats
Commonwealth Chartist Party: 50 seats
State Nationalist Alliance: 28 seats
Anti Masonic Party: 1 seat


(1) 1830 census and 1830’s house of delegates breakdown by state
CSA states// 1830 census// 1832 house seats per state
Dominica// 450,800// 11
Falkland// 18,500// 1
Florida// 120,000// 3
Georgia// 1,162,700// 29
Maryland// 452,850// 11
North Carolina// 1,521,100// 38
South Carolina// 325,233// 8
Virginia// 1,842,250// 46
CAS Total// 5,893,433// 147


(2) This happened OTL
(3) He and his family moved to the FRA after the New English Civil War he still invents his Navy Colt Revolver TTL Covered in the Up coming FRA Chapter
(4) This is the OTL Berdan Primer.
 
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The Commonwealth of American States in the 1830's Part II
In 1837 the events of the Mississippi War saw the Commonwealth double in size and Gain a new state in adding 8 more seats to the Commonwealth of Delegates, bring the total number of seats to 155, a special election held in the new state would see 5 of the new states go to the Louisiana Republican Party (the same party that ran the Republic) while the last 3 would joining the CMDP (the Filibuster backed voters). The LRP would refuse to joint the State Nationalist Alliance instead opt to remain and Independent block, The LRP advocated lower income taxes levied upon the states, and for a Commonwealth wide end of the current system of slavery and the creation of a tenant farmer system like in Louisiana (aka serfdom). They were firmly against the Virginia-Maryland adopted service for citizenship for newly freed slaves. The new State of Louisiana had a wealth requirement in order to vote

By the mid and late 1830’s Virginia and Maryland’s emancipation programs were well underway and both states were using their new labor force to expand roads, railways, and even the James River and Kanawha Canal. The availability of this labor force was so great that in 1839 Virginia would pass the Service for Citizenship Act. Under the Virginia Emancipation Act once the slaves achieved their freedom on July 1,1855 they would become residents of Virginia not citizens. The 1839 Service for Citizen ship Act would establish two paths for the negro residents of Virginia to become voting citizens. These two paths were service for 10 years in the Army of

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Slaves working their way to freedom building railroads in Virginia. The moral of these crews were extremely high and only got higher after the Service for Citizenship act.


Virginia or 10 years continuing to work for the state in infrastructure improvement work crews. The resident blacks would receive pay for their service in either path as it would not take place till after the 1855 ending of servitude date, both programs were completely optional. Maryland would adopt its own Service for Citizenship laws in 1841.

Before the election in November the crowning glory of the Jackson Administration would take place. On March 11, 1838 the Republic of Cuba under the leadership of President Juan Christobal Santiago and his Águila Party would partition the Commonwealth of American States for admission into the Commonwealth. Santiago’s Presidency was owed entirely to the actions of close to a division work of Filibusters that infiltrated the Republic of Cuba during the 1830’s. Over the course of the decade they had managed to convince the majority of the Cuban elite that joining the Commonwealth was their best bet for staying rich in the long run or risk seeing Cuba fall under the control of a European Power or Colombia or Mexico. Under the Constitution that the Cubans sent to Williamsburg Cuba would enter the commonwealth without Slavery it already being illegal in the Republic, like Dominica they would use English for all government and military business but would continue to use Spanish in addition to English. The Vote would be held on March 28, 1838 the House of Delegates Voted 100 to 55 to accept Cuba into the Commonwealth as a state effective June 1, 1838, Cuba would be expected to hold elections for House of Delegates on November 8, 1838 with the rest of the Commonwealth. The Cuban Delegates that were elected were all of the local Aquila Party and like the Louisiana Republicans would from their own voting block independent of the other major political blocks that existed in the realm of Commonwealth Politics.


The 1837 election for the House of Delegates were held amidst mixed feelings, over the last eight years the Commonwealth had more than doubled in size and had gone from seven states to ten states. The army had been reorganized and acquired state of the art equipment and the Navy had been enlarged so that It could better preform its duty of protecting the coast of the now far reaching Commonwealth of American States. However, this had all come at a cost and the Commonwealth Government Budget had ballooned with all these changes. This would lead to a first in the history of the CAS an election for the Commonwealth government where government spending played any role at all. (normally this was overlooked as the Commonwealth Government actually taxed the State Governments not the actual citizen of the States. However the state governments put the issue of the Commonwealth Government’s spending to their citizens as the election drew nearer. This would lead the Commonwealth Chartist Party to campaign its candidates on a platform of reduced amount of new Commonwealth Government spending by passing smaller naval bills, While the Commonwealth Manifest Destiny party would take is ques form Jackson and run on the platform of establishing a Commonwealth National Bank that would be in charge of financing the Government Debt that was needed to expand and defend the Commonwealth States and their people. The results of the November election was a dead heat between the CCP and the CMDP. With the CCP taking 60 seats and the CMDP taking 61 seats, The SNA Hawk Dove split would end up being 14 Doves and 15 Hawks and the other parties filling out the House of Delegates. With these results Speaker of the House Gerard Chittocque Brandon (CMDP-GA) would announce his retirement and John Branch (CMDP-FL) would be elected Speaker by a CMDP, SNA hawk coalition. However, with the House so fractured it meant that the Chancellor Election in March 1839 would be in play by at least all there major parties.


Election of 1837: 183 seats

Commonwealth Manifest Destiny Party: 61 seats
Commonwealth Chartist Party: 60 seats
State Nationalist Alliance: 29 seats
Aquila Party: 28 seats
Louisiana Republican Party: 5 seats


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Commonwealth of American States National and State flags as of 1840
 
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There are two cookies hidden in the last 2 chapters they I'm curious to see if anyone finds them. Also if anyone want to know anything else about the CSA let me know other wise the bus is rolling north to the FRA next chapter.
 
@estevech glad you are enjoying the story, yes I will post a north american map after I finish the updates, I still have the Federal Republic of America, Crown Republic of New England, and Empire of Mexico to cover. The FRA post is looking like its just gonna be one part same with the CRoNE update Mexico I'm not sure yet. As always depending on how the idea fairy visits me that all is subject to change.
 
Anthem of the Commonwealth of American States
Adopted on March 12, 1839 its adoption as the National Hymn of the Commonwealth was one of Chancellor Jackson's last acts in office. The Song was known as Hail Commonwealth


Hail Commenwealth, happy land!
Hail, ye heroes, heav'n-born band,
Who fought and bled in freedom's cause,
Who fought and bled in freedom's cause,
And when the storm of war was gone
Enjoy'd the peace your valor won.
Let independence be our boast,
Ever mindful what it cost;
Ever grateful for the prize,
Let its altar reach the skies.

Chorus
Firm, united let us be,
Rallying round our liberty,
As a band of brothers joined,
Peace and safety we shall find.

Immortal patriots, rise once more,
Defend your rights, defend your shore!
Let no rude foe, with impious hand,
Let no rude foe, with impious hand,
Invade the shrine where sacred lies
Of toil and blood, the well-earned prize,
While off'ring peace, sincere and just,
In Heaven's we place a manly trust,
That truth and justice will prevail,
And every scheme of bondage fail.

Chorus
Firm, united let us be,
Rallying round our liberty,
As a band of brothers joined,
Peace and safety we shall find.

Sound, sound the trump of fame,
Let Washington's great name
Ring through the world with loud applause,
Ring through the world with loud applause,
Let ev'ry clime to freedom dear,
Listen with a joyful ear,
With equal skill, with God-like pow'r
His ghost returns in the fearful hour
Of horrid war, or guides with ease
The happier times of honest peace.

Chorus
Firm, united let us be,
Rallying round our liberty,
As a band of brothers joined,
Peace and safety we shall find.

Behold the immortal chief who now commands,
Once more to serve his country stands.
The rock on which the storm will break,
The rock on which the storm will break,
But armed in virtue, firm, and true,
His hopes are fixed on Heav'n and you.
When hope was sinking in dismay,
When glooms obscured the Commonwealth's day,
His steady mind, from changes free,
Resolved on death or liberty.

Chorus
Firm, united let us be,
Rallying round our liberty,
As a band of brothers joined,
Peace and safety we shall find.
 
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The Federal Republic of America in the 1830's
The Federal Republic of America
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The Federal Election of 1829 would be the first with the new states of Ohio and Mississippi up for grabs (they had appointed senators). With the Economy still going strong and people believing in Federalist promises of continued prosperity The federalist would keep their majority in the Senate. While it was also the first election to Bring up the subject of Nativeist policies opposed to the immigration of the Turkish to the Federal Republic of America which scored them unheard of victories in New Jersey and New York long time Federalist Strongholds.


1829 Senate Election

NY: 1 ADP, 2 FED
NJ: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Del: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Pen: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Erie: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Ohio : 1 ADP, 2 FED
Mississippi: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Total American Democratic Party 9 seats, Federalist Party 12 Seats Total of 21 seats

For the Federal Republic of America the 1830’s began as a time of soul searching the Turkish migration that began in the 1820 would continue until 1835 (this was true with the CAS too) before it finally dwindled down to a point were the number of Turkish immigrants no longer exceeded the number of immigrants from elsewhere in Europe. By the 1830’s the Turkish immigrants had taken to settling in the frontier states of Mississippi and Ohio. This meant that in these two states developed a distinct culture in them with lots of Turkish elements blended into the Anglo christian culture that dominated the FRA. This Turkish culture influence would appear in many of the developing industrial cities as well as little Ottoman Towns popped up in many cities of the FRA. On the opposite side of the coin some communities would pas no Turkish laws prohibiting Turkish immigrants from living in their communities. This disagreement over the welcoming of immigrants or rejecting them would take on a political flavor when the American Democratic Party adopted a Nativist first policy in the hope that they could label the Federalist Majority as selling out Christian American’s interest to frogeiners who weren’t even Christians.


This would set the stage for the Presidential Election of 1831. The Federalist would Run Consul Martin Van Buren of New York, while the American Democratic Party would Run Alexander Baker Governor Pennsylvania The Vote on October 2, 1831 would shock the political world in the City of Hamilton in the conclusion of a contested campaign centered not around the economy or defense but immigration policies. When the Votes were counted Baker was declared the winner with 53% of the vote, Van Buren came in second with 47% of the Vote. Since the switch to the direct election of the President of the Federal Republic of America had a lame duck period from the conclusion of the Election in October till March 4th of the next year. During this time Burbank, and Consul Van Buren along with the Federalist Controlled Senate passed several order for new ships and funding grants to further the growing Railroad network, these were done out of fear that Baker and the upcoming ADP Consul would try to role back the Federalist spending policies. Which they knew would lead to a bust of the economy Up till his last day in Office Burbank worked to strengthen the economy, and in his letter of advice to Baker he warned him about cutting into federal spending too much. On March 4, 1832 Alexander Baker was sworn in as the President of the Federal Republic of America and he appointed John Fitzgerald Kelly Mayor of New York City the new Consul of the Senate.

Presidential Election of 1831

Alexander Baker (ADP-PA) 53% of the Popular Vote
Martin Van Buren (FED-NY) 47% of the Popular Vote


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Alexander Baker (ADP-PA) 4th President of the Federal Republic of America

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Consul John Fitzgerald Kelly (ADP-NY)

The Baker administration would focus on rolling back many of the massive government spending programs that the Burbank Administration had put in place. Chief among them were the massive ship building and Vermont Defense subsidies. There were also major Railroad building and industrial subsidies put in place by president Burbank as well as a large Army expansion and Arsenal building program however at first Baker was hesitant to attack these. The Navy would be the first to feel the axe as as president Baker canceled 5 of the 8 Ships of the line, 12 of 24 steam frigates, and 10 of 30 steam Sloops that Burbank had ordered in his lame duck section. The next target was the Vermont Defense Fund that the FRA and CAS had paid into since the end of the New English Civil to aid in Vermont's maintaining of the Connecticut River Forts that were to serve as the Front line in any war between the American Block and the British Empire and its CRoNE lapdogs. Baker would cut the FRA contribution from 500,000 Federal Dollars to 250,000 Federal Dollars a year. This would upset the CAS and the Vermonters but Baker didn’t care. He had been elected on a platform of spending reform and he meant to deliver. These policies would play well with many voters as in 1832 they gave the American Democratic party control of the Senate.

1832 Senate Election

NY: 2 ADP, 1 FED
NJ: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Del: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Pen: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Erie: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Ohio : 1, ADP, 2 FED
Mississippi: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Total American Democratic Party 12 seats, Federalist Party 9 Seats Total of 21 seats


With his new majority in the Senate Baker and the American Democratic Party got bolder and decided to cut Federal Railroad and Industry subsidies that the Federalist had long had in place, to aid in the Republics growing industrial revolution. This couldn’t have come at a worse time for many of the FRA’s Railroads as they had built too much too fast and had allowed offered service to outpace demand in many cases. On July 1, 1836 the industrial and railroad subsidies were cut to almost nothing. This would result in the largest retraction of the Railroad industry ever seen in history (granted that this industry is just 15 years old at this point). By September a lot of FRA Railroads were starting to declare bankruptcy. The Statistics are shocking on June 30, 1836 the FRA had close to 75 established operating lines and 25 more seeking land grants to establish lines. By January 1, 1837 That number had reduced to just 15 operating lines and none seeking to build new right of ways. This Great Reduction as it became know meant more jobs were lost on top of those lost from the shipbuilding industry the previous two years. It was too much for the economy to handle and by March of 1837 the Federal Economy was firmly in a recession that not even their participation in the Mississippi War and the addition of the new Massive Missouri Territory could fix.
 
The Federal Republic of America in the 1830's Part II
October 2, 1835 would see the voters go the polls, to elect not only a new Senate but also to vote in the next presidential election, of course Baker would run on the American Democratic Party’s ticket. The Federalist would run Phillip Ames the Governor of the State of Mississippi. The Federalist would regain seats in the Senate, but the American Dems would maintain the Majority. And once again Baker would easily win the election painting his opponent as a frontier hick who wanted to sell the Republic out to the Muslim immigrants. While Ames centered his campaign on the Baker Administration’s mishandling of the economy. Baker would secure a second term despite the black clouds on the economic horizon. However, his victory was narrow with just a 2% margin of Victory in the vote.


1835 Presidential Election
Alexander Baker (ADP-PA) 51% of the Popular Vote
Phillip James Ames (FED-Del) 49% of the Popular Vote



1835 Senate Election
NY: 1 ADP, 2 FED
NJ: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Del: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Pen: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Erie: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Ohio: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Mississippi: 1 ADP, 2 FED
Total: American Democratic Party 11 seats, Federalist Party 10 Seats Total of 21 seats

Baker’s second administration would see the Republic’s economy slide completely into recession, in the mist of this the American Dem controlled Senate would pass the Citizenship Act of 1837 this act made all people who’s parents were not citizens of the Federal Republic of America residents of the Republic not citizens they would have a separate category on the 1840 census and would not be eligible to vote. These residents could earn citizenship by two methods, A) service in the Federal Army or Navy. Or B) passing a citizenship test administered by the new Department of Citizenship, and Immigration which was over seen by the State Department. These test were often made so difficult to pass that even native born citizens of the Republic could not pass them. This law and the local laws that sprang up after it was pass would become known as the Tom Turkey laws.

The immigration and citizenship legislation that the American Dems sought to make the defining issue of Baker’s second term never had a real chance to eclipse the state of the economy and how fast it was sinking. However aside from saying that eventually the market would stabilize and the economy would rebound, however as the months passed it became clearer and clearer that this was not going to happen in the near future and could possibly see the economy fall into a depression before it would sort it self out. And as the 1838 senate election drew closer it became clear that the American Democrats were going to lose the senate. October 2nd 1838 showed them just how badly the public’s view of the American Democratic Party had fallen the Federalist gained a 9 seat majority

1838 Senate Election
NY: 0 ADP, 3 FED
NJ: 0 ADP, 3 FED
Del: 0 ADP, 3 FED
Pen: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Erie: 0 ADP, 3 FED
Ohio: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Mississippi: 2 ADP, 1 FED
Total Seats: American Democratic Party 6 seats, Federalist Party 15 seats

The leader of this new Federalist mega majority was the youngest son of Alexander Hamilton 36-year-old George W. Hamilton. The young Hamilton and his fellow Federalist Senators were determined to rectify the Republic’s current economic distress. On December 1, 1838 they met with Consul Kelly and President Baker this meeting a formality before the new senate was sworn in come March of the next year. In this meeting Baker and Kelly asked the Federalist leadership what their legislative agenda come March would be and if they could work together to enact laws or as Baker put it “Will the time between March and October become the era of the Veto?” Baker expressed his undying belief that given time and the absence of government intervention the free market would regulate itself. For their part G.W. Hamilton and his federalist didn’t want to wait till after October possible March of 1840 to rectify the neglect of the military and they and Baker came to an agreement the Federalist agreed to limit their legislation aimed at the civilian market until after the election in exchanged for Baker and Kelly signing off on all military spending bills that the Federalist passed. This meeting would lead to the Defense Expansion Act of 1839 would be passed by the new Federalist dominated Senate on April 2, 1839, Baker would sign it on April 4, 1839. This act would be used to expand the arsenal and ammunition plants operated by the Ministry of Defense by 200%, by expanding the massive Arsenals at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and Fort McCoy Ohio (1), in addition to expanding the small armory at Chenango Point Ny into a full arsenal, and expanding the massive naval arsenal at Wilmington, Delaware. The Bill also provided funding to build two ammunition factories in each state. It also restored many of the canceled naval contracts from Baker’s first term with ships of new design and improved steam engines, and new heaver naval guns; and would also enlarge the Federal Army by four full Legions bring the total manpower of the Federal Army up 130,000 men with supporting personal. Lastly the bill set aside funding for the development and production for a new Rifle for the Federal Army as the Hall’s Rifle was no close to 20 years old and was falling behind the new Rifles introduced in Europe. The Senate would also pass the Railroad Relief Act which lifted Federal restrictions on the number of miles of track that one company could operate allowing for the surviving lines to begin to take over the failed and failing lines that now littered the Republic.

Lt. General McCoy and Quartermaster General Stephen W. Kearny would oversee the search for the weapons for the Federal Army. The Commonwealth Army would with the approval of Secretary Lee share their new rifle and its center fire brass cartridge designed by Isaac McKnight; while McCoy and Kearny were impressed by the cartridge and the rifles rate of fire they were concerned about the weight of the double-barreled rifle. The first option they looked at was the possibility of converting the old Halls to a Brass Cartridge, which Andrew Armstrong Custer the head designer at the Gettysburg Arsenal said could be done but only with a Rim fire cartridge, which was more prone to accidental discharge than a center fire cartridge. Custer recommended that they keep this option open for possible export market however. As the Commonwealth was not currently allowing the sail of their McKnight rifles to other nations (the FRA was a big exception). The search for a new Rifle would come down to rifles designed by two gunsmiths one by Samuel Colt who had partnered with McKnight briefly designing the revolving cylinder revolver before their designs and they themselves parted ways. And the other by Custer himself. Of the two Custer’s design was the simpler a rolling block rifle chambered to fire a single .50-70 caliber McKnight brass cartridge, Ge also presented a single barrel pistol and double-barrel pistol using his action and round. Colt presented his six shot Revolving pistol that fired his own .45 Colt brass cartridge and a Revolving Rifle that used a scaled-up version of the action from his revolving pistol that was chambered to fire McKnight’s .45-70 cartridge. There were benefits to both the Custer Rifle was cheaper, easier to manufacture, and easier to maintain, but offered only a slightly Higher rate of fire than the old Hall’s Rifle, however it had tons of more stopping power. The Colt Rifle was faster firing, its ammo could be exchanged with those of Commonwealth forces in the event of a war with Britain; however, it required more maintenance than the Custer Rifle and was more complex and expensive to produce. After a month of debate between the two generals and a represented of the Treasury it was decided to adopt the Custer Rifle re chambered to the .45-70 caliber round, and the colt revolving pistol as the main long and side arms of the Federal Army and the State Guards. They also allowed a limited run of the Custer single barrel and double barreled pistols also re chambered to the .45-70 round, as would a limited run of Colt’s Rifle in carbine as an optional weapon that troops can purchase on their own. Custer was also given the go ahead to produce a Rim fire version of the old Hall’s rifle and see if any of the other American Nations would be interested in buying it.

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October 1839 would see the final election and one final drama take place before the 1830’s ended. Ever since the start of the Baker administration the American Democratic Party had been slowly splitting between the business men who wanted to see the Republic adopt a less interventionist and more free market stance, and the nativist who wanted to push for a hard line stance on immigration and as much religious favoritism toward Christians as they could get away with under the constitution. The collapse of the economy only served to deepen this divide as the Nativist wanted to ally with the Federalist and use government spending to shore up the economy.


In July when American Democratic Party Convention was held in Philadelphia the business leaders and their supporters would break with the party when Baker was chosen to seek a third term on a harsh immigration platform. They would from the new Whig Party this would see the already weakened American Democratic Party reduced by two thirds. This meant the the American Democratic Party’s platform now took a completely nativist turn. For his third term Alexander Baker would run on his proven Selective Citizenship Selective Immigration platform calling for quotas on how many people from certain areas of the world could immigrate to the Federal Republic of America, however with the business backers gone the nativist forced him to take on elements of interventionist economic into his platform, something the baker didn’t really believe in but there was no chance of the Whigs nominating him so he was stuck.

The new born Whigs Party would hold their Convention in Harrisburg, PA a city where businessmen were king and where the Republic’s Iron working was centered. They would Nominate Baker’s Secretary of the Treasury and New York merchant Isaac Roosevelt of New York. Roosevelt would run on continued easing of federal restrictions on Industry, so that the free market could work itself out of the current depression. Roosevelt would go so far as to want to privatize the Arms Industry and the Bank of America.

The Federalist Party would hold its convention in New York City inside the old Federal Hall the Republic’s former capital building. This Convention would center around debate between the parties to potential candidates Martin Van Buren who had run and lost against Baker in 1831 and the Governor of New York Phillip Hamilton the eldest son of Alexander Hamilton; in the end Martin Van Buren would win a second go at Baker on the twentieth ballot by just 50 votes. The Federalist would run on their tried and true platform of Defense, government backing and protection of the Republic’s industries, and a new plank for the platform guaranteed citizenship for all residents of the Federal Republic of America.

October 2,1839 would see the voters reject the American Democratic Party’s new platform and Baker however the dramatic year of 1839 was set to continue when the election came down to just one 1% of the Vote with Martian van Buren carrying 43% of the vote, Roosevelt carrying 42% of the vote and Baker carrying 15% of the vote. However close it was van Buren was finally on his way to the Executive Wing of the Federal Palace in Hamilton City. And Baker was a lame duck after just two terms.


Presidential Election of 1839
Martian van Buren (FED-NY) 43% of the vote
Isaac Roosevelt (Whig-NY) 42% of the Vote
Alexander Baker (ADP-PA) 15% of the Vote


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President Elect Martian van Buren (FED-NY) 43% of the vote


Bakers cabinet
Secretary of State: Richard Falley Cleveland (ADP-Pa)
Secretary of War: Shamus Blaine (ADP-Pa)
The Secretary of the Treasury: Isaac Roosevelt (ADP-Ny)
The Consul of the Senate: John Fitzgerald Kelly (ADP-Ny)




The Federal army Order of Battle as of 1840

Commanding General of the Federal Army Lt. General James L. McCoy


1st Army: 30,000 men (25,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry, 30 field guns, 6 Horse Guns
Based in New York City, New York
Commanded by Major General Alexander Hamilton Jr.


1st Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Horace Bettas
1st Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
2nd Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
1st Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Gun

2nd Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Christopher Williams
3rd Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
4th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
2nd Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Guns

3rd Legion 5,000 Infantry, 5,000 Cavalry, 6 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns
Commanded by Major General George Lloyd
5th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
6th Cavalry Brigade 5,000 Cavalry
3rd Legion Artillery Brigade 6 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns


2nd Army: 30,000 men (25,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry, 30 field guns, 6 Horse Guns
Based in Buffalo Ny
Commanded by Major General Henry Jackson Knox


4th Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Horace Bettas
7th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
8th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
4th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Gun

5th Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Ernest Pyle
9th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
10th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
5th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Guns

6th Legion 5,000 Infantry, 5,000 Cavalry, 6 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns
Commanded by Ernest Mountback
11th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
2nd Cavalry Brigade 5,000 Cavalry
6th Legion Artillery Brigade 6 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns

3rd Army: 30,000 men (25,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry, 36 field guns, 6 Horse Guns)
Based in Toledo, Erie
Commanded by Major General John Richards Sherman


7th Legion 10,000 Infantry 24 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Alexander Pittman
12th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
18th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
1st Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Gun
1st Independent Artillery Brigade 12 Field Guns

9th Legion 10,000 men (5,000 Infantry, 5,000 Cavalry, 12 field guns, 6 horse guns
Commanded by Major General Rosco Coldtrain
15th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
1st Independent Cavalry Brigade 5,000 Dragoons 6 horse Guns
Commanded by Brigadier General Richard Howard
9th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 field guns, 6 Horse Guns

10th Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field guns
Commanded by Major General Gunman Alexander
16h Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
17th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
10th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Gun

4th Army: 30000 men (25,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry, field guns, 6 Horse Guns)
Based in Federal Port, Mississippi
Commanded by Major General Washington Wilson


8th Legion 10,000 Infantry 24 Field guns
Commanded by Major General John Arbuckle
13th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
14th Infantry Brigade 5,000 Infantry
8th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Gun
2nd Independent Artillery Brigade 12 Field Guns

11th Legion 10,000 Infantry 12 Field Guns
Commanded by Major General Archibald Buckner
18th Infantry Brigade 5,000 men
19th Infantry Brigade 5,000 men
11th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 field guns

12th Legion 10,000 men (5,000 Infantry and 5,000 Cavalry) 12 Field guns 6 Horse Gun
Commanded by Major General Keith Grans
20th Infantry Brigade 5,000 men
3rd Cavalry Brigade 5,000 men
12th Legion Artillery Brigade 12 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns


State guards
New York State Guards 45,000 men (30,000 Infantry 15,000 Dragoons, 18 Field guns, 18 Horse Guns)

New Jersey State Guards 45,000 men (40,000 Infantry 5,000 Dragoons, 30 Field guns, 6 Horse Guns)

Pennsylvania State Guards 45,000 men (20,000 Infantry 25,000 Dragoons, 12 Field guns, 24 Horse Guns)

Delaware State Guards 25,000 men (20,000 Infantry 5,000 Dragoons, 18 Field Guns, 6 Horse Guns)

Erie State Guards 45,000 men (20,000 Infantry 25,000 Dragoons, 12 Field guns, 24 Horse Guns)

Ohio State Guards 30,000 Men (15,000 Infantry, 15,000 Dragoons 12 Field Guns 12 Horse Guns)

Mississippi State Guards 20,000 men (20,000 Dragoons 18 Horse Guns)

(1) OTL Indianapolis
(2) Alexander Hamilton's first Phillip Hamilton doesn't die in this time line.
 
@INSCOPEDJFK1963

I have already brought the Steamboat and the Cotton Gin into this time line but I can differently do an update in the future. As Far as the Telegraph and Electricity go I haven't brought into this timeline, yet but they are coming up quick. most likely in in the next decade. Thank you for the input, I'm really glad you responded.
 
Crown Republic of New England in the 1830's
The Crown Republic of New England in the 1830’s
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On June 21, 1830 New English Prime Minister William King would officially welcome the new State of New Brunswick into the Crown Republic of New England; with it would come five new seats added to the House of Commons. These five seats would be split 3 Tory and 2 Whig adding to the mega majority that Prime Minister William King had created by bringing the Whigs into the Government. King would continue to use his super majority to ram though a mixed Tory and Whig agenda. These bills included the 1834 Defense bill that raised the New English Royal Army from a standing force of 50,000 to a standing force of 75,000 enlisted men. The navy would receive funding to maintain it current fleet and funding to build 4 Frigates and 18 Sloops to add to the fleet. Lastly the 1834 Defense bill provided for the adoption of a new longarm for the Royal New English Army and Navy. The leaders of New England had heard rumors of the CAS and FRA adopting new rifles; and Marshall Thomas Childs was not about to get caught fighting with out of date smoothbore muskets in the event of War with the Southern Republics if he had anything to say about it. That said London had done their best to handicap their loyal American brothers by requiring them to use the same ammunition as the rest of His Majesty’s Armed Forces. So the 1834 Defense bill had allowed for the continued production of limited amounts of the ammunition for the calibers used by the rest of His Majesty’s Armed Froces in addition to the production of ammunition for their new rifle. The Rifle that the New English had chosen was a Falling block breech loading cap lock rifle that fired .52 caliber bullets in a paper cartridge designed by Richard Stephens Sharps. Production of the Sharps rifle would begin in July 1835 at the massive Royal Armory at Springfield Massachusetts and would be officially known as the 1834 Springfield-Sharps Rifle.

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New England wasn’t behind in the development of the em merging Railroad industry. However like some of the state in the Commonwealth of American States The Crown Republic of New England chose to have a centralized authority oversee the Railroad industry for New England this would take the from of the Royal Railroad Commission. The Royal Railroad Commission The RRC would oversee the construction and operation of all Railroad lines in the Crown Republic of New England, and ensure that they were up to the Standards established by the Parliament. The RRC also had the authority to examine the financial records of any line operating with the Crown Republic. The Creation of the Royal Railroad Commission made the Crown Republic of New England the most regulated railroad industry in the world, it also gave it the most reliable and standardized railroads in the world for the next Fifty years.

Politically Prime Minister William King’s Tory-Whig super majority Government would end the 1830’s much the same as it started the decade large and in charge, Gaining seats though out the decade forcing the Republican Party into a single digit minority of just 8 seats by 1840. To the average European looking at North America at the end of the 1830’s it was a toss up as to who was the most successful of the American Republics the Expanding Commonwealth of American States or the highly centralized Crown Republic of New England who had surpassed the Federal Republic of America as the most centralized of the Republics.
 
The Mexican Empire in the 1830's
Empire of Mexico
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For the Empire of Mexico the 1830’s would see two major events happen the start of the Second California (often cited by historians as a continuation of the 1820’s Gold rush) in 1838. The other event was the Choice to replace the Baker Rifle as the Imperial Army’s primary long arm. From 1832 to 1835 the Imperial ordnance office held trials for various rifles from domestic arms companies, North American Arms Companies and European Arms companies. The European long arms all being muzzle loading rifled muskets were quickly rejected as their neighbors had moved away from this style of rifle and it was correctly assessed that muzzle loading rifles would be at a disadvantage in any major North American War. This also ruled out all of the domestic Mexican weapons designers, this left three Rifles in contention, The Model 1824 Halls Rifle (the Cap lock version of the Model 1812 Halls Rifle) currently used by the Federal Army in the FRA, it was breech loading and used a paper cartridge. The 1832 Palmetto Breechloading Rifle designed in compete against the McKnight Revolving Rifle it fired a 56-50 rimfire brass cartridge. And the last entry into the competition the Sharps Rifle from the Crown Republic of New England. The Falling block action of the Sharps rifle that could be configured to fire either Rimfire Brass Cartridges or a cap lock and paper Cartridge was the most promising to the Imperial Army. On August 17, 1835 Major General Santa Anna who was had been appointed Quartermaster General of the Imperial Army in July of that year announced that the Sharps Rifle had won the competition. The rifle would be produced in the Cap lock form as it required the least amount of Industrial conversion of the Ammunition factories, and thusly would save on the cost involved with the rifle, compared to adoption of brass cartridges. This made Prime Minister Hermelinda Angulo Valenzuela and the Cortes General in Mexico City very happy.

Politically the Catholic Conservative Party still dominated the Cortes General in Mexico City controlling 275 out of the 500 seats in the Imperial Assembly, The Imperial Eagle Party was there main opposition controlling 215 seats in the Imperial Assembly. With a hand full of independents rounding out the full 500 seats. This meant that for three decades the Catholic Conservative Party had along with the Monarch Emperor Jose I ruled Mexico providing stable ground for the heir of Cortez and Montezuma to build a strong and wealthy nation. It was not shocking that though out the 1830’s Mexico had the most stable economy of all of the American Nations. Despite this Mexico City was still forced to fight for control of its central American Provinces into which a constant stream of Filibusters flowed keeping the provinces in constant state of unrest but never quite in open rebellion. Needless to say this along with the C.A.S.’s annexation of Louisiana did nothing to help the diplomatic relations between the two North American nations who by 1840 were on the verge of open hostilities.
 
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Colombia in the 1830's: The Revolution of 1832
The Republic of Colombia
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Over the last twelve years Colombia had been in spiral of decentralization that by 1830 had left the central government almost powerless. In a way Colombia had done the opposite of the North American Republics; and yet there were those in Colombia who could not stand the current shape of things. Though out the 1820’s a movement had been growing in Society centered around the leadership of the Army and Navy. From the highest ranking Generals and Admirals to the common soldier and sailor the by the time the year 1831 began the Military and a large chunk of Colombian society were ready to rid themselves of the cumbersome wet blanket that their current constitution had become.



This would culminate with a military lead coupe on July 7, 1832, in this coupe the Colombian Army marched into the Assembly Palace and seized the both houses of the Congress and the President of the Republic of Colombia in one fell swoop. The Military arrested any senator or Assemblyman who didn’t agree with them but left the Rump of each house that did. This Rump Congress would approve the Constitution of 1832. This Constitution restored all of the powers that the Central Government had lost following the Ecuador War. This constitution replaced the President with an Emperor who would be elected by the public but serve a life term in office. The Congress was reduced to one house Called the Imperial House of Commons which would have 400 seats divided up between the Provinces equally, the House of Commons members would serve a 6 year term. The Constitution of 1832 also gave the Executive branch (the Emperor) control over the Federal Courts while leaving state level courts at the hands of the Governor. The figure head of the Coupe now being called the Revolution of 32 was a Creole General named Cristobel de Inca. Until elections could be held the Rump Congress and a panel of Generals would run the country. Not all was good however and even though the centralist had gathered much support in the western regions of Colombia in the east they were few in number. This led to a Republican Government being formed in the city of Caracas this government would create a separate country called the Republic of Bolivia. Oddly neither rival government wanted to or could do much to the other so for the next decade there would exist an odd truce between the two governments/nations.

Empire of Colombia
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The new Empire of Colombia would hold its first election on the first Tuesday of February in 1834. This election would see the new Imperial Party (a coalition of centrist parties) win the majority of the seats in the House of Commons with 275 seats the Condor (A coalition of liberal parties) would come in second with 75 seats, the Franciscan Party would take the remaining 50 seats rounding out the house. General Cristobel de Inca would win the Imperial Election becoming the First Emperor of Colomiba Cristobel I at 45 years old.


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Emperor Cristobel I

Republic of Bolivia

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To the East the Republic of Bolivia’s creation had been heavily influenced a large group of filibusters lead by Richard Clough Anderson Jr. of Virginia. The Republic of Bolivia resembled the old government of Colombia very little in stead it looked a lot like the Commonwealth of American states with power evenly divided between the Central Government and the states of the Republic. The Government consisted of the Senate where each of the 26 states each got 2 Senators. The President elected by the Senators for a single 8 year term and the Judiciary which was divided between state courts and federal courts, federal courts being appointed by the President. The Federal government control general over all domestic policies that required states to have similar laws, international trade and defense; like in the CAS the federal government could not directly tax the people of the states but could levy taxes on the states themselves. The Senate would be elected in February of 1834 and sworn into office a month later in March, relieving the provisional government. The senate would be comprised 25 members of the Republican Party dominated the senate, the next biggest party was the Party of Independence which held 18 seats the other 9 seats went to independents. This would lead to Pedro Gual Escandón of the Republican Party being elected the first president of Bolivia. However the name should not fool you the “Republican Party” was run by Anderson and his fellow filibusters, to the point that Anderson and his men would make up the majority of the executive branch department heads including the cabinet seats of Foreign Minister which Anderson held, and the Minister of Defense which was held by Robin Williams Vance of North Carolina.

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President Pedro Gual Escandón

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Richard Clough Anderson Jr. of Virginia Foreign Minister of the Republic of Bolivia

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Robin Williams Vance (filibusterer of North Carolina) Minister of Defense for the Republic Bolivia. (1)

The uneasy peace between the Colombian Empire and the Republic of Bolivia would last until March 7, 1841 when Colombia would launch and invasion of Bolivia. In the opening moves of what would become the Commonwealth-Colombian War, and also start the Decade of Blood as the 1840’s would become known.

(1)
I take no credit for this it comes from https://replaceface.tumblr.com/  Once again I take no credit for this
 
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@estevech
Glad you are enjoying it I'll give a spoiler and say that Mexico's monarchy is stable enough to survive the upcoming conflict as is Peru Colombia is in the middle of a Cold Civil War that is getting ready to turn Hot but the Imperial/Centralist have built a strong foundation and will most likely weather at least the first dual with the Commonwealth of American States. Also what is coming is much greater in scope than just the Americas, The 1840's will earn the title Decade of Blood for a reason.
 
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