Prelude to Succession: 1850-1864
While the cause of the abolitionist had penetrated much of the Union, the deep American South clung to slavery. The American Party, dominant in the states of Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina, and sometimes the state of Rubrum, was affectionately (sarcastically) known as the Slaver Party.
In 1852, members of the party, as well as hard core members of the Slavery wing of the Democratic Party, called for the implementation of a Fugitive Slave Act to capture runaway slaves. Democrats and Liberty Party members downed the act. Representatives from Virginia called the proposed act a "violation of the sovereign rights of every state in America." Thus, State's Rights, a platform associated with the American Party, was used as an argument against the party. Indeed, Popular sovereignty had led to the dominance of Free States in the Union.
The end of Davis's second term was peaceful and uneventful. The former colonies were divided into territories. The lower portion of Albion (OTL Arkansas and Oklahoma) was deemed "the Albion territory" ("Why change a perfectly good name?- Jefferson Davis). The French Canadians who immigrated were suggested to settle the area as well as the west.
The election of 1860 was an interesting affair. The democrats were seen as the victorious party that brought glory to America, but many regarded the Liberty Party candidate as the man who won the west: Winfield Scott.
Winfield Scott: Liberty Party
Scott was a rather famous figure in American history, serving in every major conflict between the War of 1812 to the Anglo American War.
Stephen Douglas: Democratic Party
Douglas, on the other hand, was widely known for being Davis’s Secretary of State and for helping to orchestrate the final peace treaty.
Battle lines were drawn. Douglas performed remarkably well in the election, and it has been hypothesized that Douglas might have even won if not for the fact that the American Party ticket of Fernando Wood/Robert Toombs split the vote in the south.
Fernando Wood: American Party
Instead, Scott won the 1860 election, becoming the 14th President of the United States.
America under Scott was greeted with offers of alliances, after all, they beat Britain.
Scott refused all offers, planning on staying in tradition with Washington. Under Scott, a new cabinet position was created; the Secretary of the Interior was a position designed to oversee the states and to manage federal land.
1862
Texas was in dire straights. Despite reparations from the UK, the nation was still pretty broke. Texas asked for the possibility of annexation into the United States of America. Scott said yes.
The deep South was outraged. The idea of a free state majority was already a nightmare to many, but the annexation of a free republic? It was a conspiracy to disenfranchise the South (in their minds)!
Tensions between the free States and the ever more restrictive slave States finally reached climax in 1864 when Texas came into the Union.
The states of Georgia, South Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana seceded from the union to preserve their institution from perceived encroachment. They pledged to act as a stronger entity to "safe guard the white race from the negro" (well, they used a harsher word than negro...). These four states formed the Federated States of America.
Winfield Scott ordered a blockade around these states and the deployment of the army. The Union was not going to allow these four states to leave, even if they had been making an ugly fuss since the 1840s.
Federated States of America: 1864
June 6th, 1864- July 5th 1864
The four succeeding states, despite their boasts, proved to be not the most capable nation. The Federated States of America may have had a large number of veterans from the recent war with Great Britain, but if suffered from the fact that the nation was bisected by the three native States of Rubrum, Cherokee, and Creek.
P.G.T Beauregard of Louisiana was appointed general of the Army of the Trans-Mississippi. Beauregard is interesting in the fact that he was not a member of the American Party. He was in fact, a consistent voter for the Liberty Party. But, loyalty to his state meant more than politics.
Wade Hampton III, an exceptional commander from the Canadian Campaigns, was a vibrant supporter of the American Party. His family plantation in South Carolina was a source of pride in his family. He was placed in command of the Army of the Congaree by Federal president Robert Toombs.
The government of the Federated States of America was quickly formed. Stevens was elected president of the nation. Fernando Wood, though a northerner, was granted a place in his cabinet as the Secretary of War. Leroy Pope Walker served as Secretary of State, and Robert Rhett as Secretary of the Navy. Juda P Benjamin served dutifully as the Secretary of the Treasury. Lewis Wigfall, despite his hard drinking, was chosen as Attorney General. William Barksdale filled the spot of Postmaster General.
On July 5th, as the armies were being assembled, the Federated Congress met in the capital of Savanna, Georgia to deal with an assortment of issues. One debate was the idea to reopen the international slave trade. This, though supported by many, was drowned by the Congress. The national flag was, however, decided.
The blue background represented the ocean of the Atlantic that bordered them, and the stars for the four states in the republic.
(This flag is the real life 1974 flag of the Federated States of Micronesia. Found it on accident, but I thought it was perfect. Too anyone from there reading this, I like your nation's flag
)
First Confrontation: July 20th, 1864
July 20th
Beauregard's Army of the Trans-mississippi was first engaged in the northern regions of Louisiana by union forces under the command of George McClellan. McClellan, who was serving as military governor of Albion Territory, had been contacted by Scott to lead the hastily assembled Army of the Mississippi (Union).
Beauregard engaged him in a field. McClellan's army had the initial advantage until nightfall. There, his lack of aggression and the lack of visibility allowed the Federated Army to quietly maneuver the third division into a flanking attack. The American army broke ranks when the Grey Backs gave a loud Rebel Yell, believing there to be a much larger force.
This victory was widely published by the Federated States of America, hailing it as divine support for their cause. Beauregard was claimed by Wood as a southern Napoleon. Ladies across Louisiana and Mississippi sewed the soldiers caps and coats. One lady by the name of Rebecca Sumter designed and sewed a flag for the ATM. Beauregard warmed up to the flag and adopted the symbol as the flag of his army.
Flag of the Army of the Trans-mississippi
EDIT: I would like to thank
@The Professor for the wonderful work with the flag
A Very Uncivil Conflict: August-December
August 1st, 1864
President Scott was furious. McClellan had failed to take Louisiana twice now, and the Federated States were growing bold. His Secretary of War, Robert E Lee, advocated his removal and replacement with a more capable commander such as A.S. Johnston or even Brick Wall Jackson. The Chief of Staff of the General Headquarters, Meade, suggested William Sherman. According to Secretary of State Seward, the British were on the verge of recognizing the FSA.
"No doubt an attempt to spit in our eye for '58", muttered Scott darkly.
September 5th, 1864
Across the continent in the mid West, a separate state arose in an area north of Freedonia. This new state (OTL eastern Montana) was called "Libertalia". This nation, like Freedonia, practiced slavery. Both nations recognized the Federated States of America as a legitimate nation on September 5th, 1864. This soured relations between them and the U.S.
September 17th, 1864
The streets in Columbia and Savannah were lively with celebratory dancing and singing as word came in of yet another victory against the Yankees. Most of the praise went to Wade Hampton III, but some went to his Second in Command James Longstreet.
November 17th, 1864
"Damn Scott, and damn those Yankees!" Shouted Robert Toombs as he swatted at a pile of papers on his desk. "Hampton, that pompous windbag! How could he have lost!?" A few days earlier, Hampton had taken his Army of the Congaree into North Carolina in an attempt to drive away the yanks. Instead, he managed to destroy the entire southern army in a three day climatic battle. Leonidas Polk was killed when he charged Brigader General Poe's lines on November 12th, the third day of battle. One good thing that happened in the previous month was the shipment of arms under the table by the British government from Nassau. There were enough weapons to arm the military, but finding the bodies to fill it...
The Union blockage was constricting their trade with Europe. Goods were harder to get. Secretary of State Walker told Stevens that the battle would only be a temporary set back.
"With the backing of the British Empire and our superior southern troops, we shall win in the end!"
Toombs looked at him, frowning. "I hope you are right. I truly do. Otherwise, we shall all hang."
December 15th, 1864
"Rhett, we must move!" Wood and Benjamin were pushing their fellow government official forward as they boarded the ship. Toombs was already on the ship in the captain's quarters. The FSS Hampton was the most effective blockage runner in the incredibly small fleet. Wade Hampton III was still skirmishing with union forces. Sherman had crossed through formerly "neutral" Cherokee and assaulted his army continuously in early December. The closeness of Sherman forced the Federated government to evacuate the city. The plan was to reach New Orleans to continue the war.
December 25th, 1864
Winfield Scott slowly walked around the white house, saying merry Christmas to all the workers and aides. He had sat down for breakfast when he got a telegraph from his aide. "Mr President stop. I have delivered to you the Federated capital stop. Merry Christmas stop." Scott was speechless. Old fuss and feathers declared it a Christmas miracle.
The Fall: December-March 1865
On January 2nd, President Toombs of the Federated States of America and his cabinet arrived in New Orleans. The Union General Thomas Brick Wall Jackson had been advancing from the North, forcing the FS military to retreat deeper into Louisiana. Mississippi was almost entirely under northern occupation.
February 3rd
Toombs looked at his cabinet. "I need a report. How is Beauregard?" Chief of Staff Henry Watkins Allen drummed his fingers on the table. "Beauregard has lost the arm. It's unsure if he'll live much longer. I suppose it's better than what happened to the Italian general Giuseppe Garibaldi. He got his head blown clean off." Wood slammed a fist on the table. "And like the Italians, we're losing and falling apart. No, we're worse than the Italians, because at least some of those states are independent." He looked at Walker.
"Is there any chance for a negotiated peace? Anything at all? We'll take an independent Louisiana!"
"Scott refuses to allow any States to leave the union. It's do or die now."
February 10th
Braxton Bragg's army dug in. They were the last remaining units of the FS Army. Alexander Porter had his artillery on the outskirts, ammunition running low. The U.S. Navy had blocked the ports. The city was starving. Jackson was preparing a final assault, and everyone and their mother knew it.
February 12th
"Fire! Fire! The president's mansion is on fire!" Bucket brigades brought water and did their best to put out the flames. Survivors were dragged out.
"Toombs is in there! You have to go back!"
"Toombs is a burnt crisp! Same for Rhett, Walker, Wigfall, and Benjamin. We can't find the Secretary of War."
"Oh God, I'm Fernando Wood."
"Looks like you're president Wood now."
February 20th
The defenses were breached and the Yankees poured into the city. The grey clad defenders either surrendered or died in the streets like the Defenders of Belfast did in 1858. Deep in the heart of the city, the rebels, wounded and outnumbered, made a final stand. The number of men shrunk by the day, going from 1,000 soldiers on February 20th to 476 on February 26th. Acting President Wood ordered the remaining soldiers to surrender on the 26th, at 6:04 pm. Fernando Wood was imprisoned by the U.S. Army. The American Civil War officially came to an end on February 27th, 1865.