My understanding of the problem of jet engines was the lack of necessary rare metals that did not deform under intense heat like that generated by a jet engine. It was that need that set back designs somewhat, as they tried to design them in a way so as to not need these metals as much. The results of course were marginal at best.
That was an element of the problem, the lack of strength in the engine blades lead to creep where they would become unservicable after 25 hours of flight and require replacement
but the 262 had a lot more problems than that
1. The landing gear was atrocious, (there where teething problems building an undercarriage for a plane that was going 125mph at touchdown) the tires would burst and collapse the undercarriage, usually wrecking the aircraft
2. The engines where extremely slow to build up thrust, prone to surging, stalling, catching fire, and indeed out and out failure... and this was not an easy plane to fly on one engine even if you had experience in asymetric flight from the JU-88 or the ME-110
3. The frame wasn't particularly well built enough to handle very high true air speeds... so when the fellow would go too fast in a dive (if he could break out of it without crashing into the ground) the frame had a strong tendancy to get over stressed, rendering the aircraft unservicable
4. The armament despite its weight, was short ranged (ie the tail gunner in a B-17 could shoot and hit from a longer distance than the 30mm cannons on the ME-262)
5. It wasn't manueverable at all
6. It needed long hard metal runways, so its operating bases where easy to spot and destroy from the air
I could throw out a few more, but you get the idea, it was generally a failed design, but a revolutionary proving ground