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In late 1938, French Prime Minister Edouard Daladier considered sending the French military into Spain in order to establish a buffer zone between the Nationalists and the French Border. The British however told the French that should they do such a thing it'd be considered a direct provocation of the Fascists and would make the Locarno Treaty null.
What if the Catalans declared independence and the French intervened on the basis of aiding the Catalans ensure their right of self-determination (using the League of Nations's mission as cover) and from there established a buffer space in the North of Spain?
I'm thinking Catalonia here ends up being comprised of Catalonia and Menorca (two Republican bastions by the end of the war).