Though the nations were not necessarily liberal, the courts of King Frederick the Great of Prussia and Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II in Austria where both were considered to be "Enlightened Despots."Switzerland? The Netherlands? Those were the most liberal states in Europe, methinks. Rousseau and Voltaire were there (in Geneva) too.
An interesting challenge would be Sachsen-Weimar, where Goethe had a post as a minister.
Imagine the French monarchy turned attention to the Parisian salons in the 1760s and decided to censor the speech harder, close down the salons and expel the most troublesome writers and speakers. Where do they leave to? Italy? England? America?
Though the nations were not necessarily liberal, the courts of King Frederick the Great of Prussia and Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II in Austria where both were considered to be "Enlightened Despots."
Who would be supporting them in the Dutch Republic and why?Poland-Lithuania would be interesting... but the Dutch Republic makes much more sense.
The older, more famous and wealthier ones fled, while the younger and less well-known went to America. Some, naturally, settled in Canada, especially Montreal, away from the royal authorities in Quebec. When the Revolution came they sided with the Americans,capturing Carleton and enabling the rebels to take Quebec, which is why Canada is part of the United States of North America
Who would be supporting them in the Dutch Republic and why?
Most of these "less well-known" did not posses any skills or talents which would allow them to survive in a society less wasteful that France of that period (unless they owned estates or had some other income sources in France) so Canada is more or less out of question especially taking into an account that it was just lost to the Brits.
At the time, being literate at all and being able to read and write brought many opportunities on its own. Although they wouldn't be able to live off their own writings.Most of these "less well-known" did not posses any skills or talents which would allow them to survive in a society less wasteful that France of that period (unless they owned estates or had some other income sources in France) so Canada is more or less out of question especially taking into an account that it was just lost to the Brits.
At the time, being literate at all and being able to read and write brought many opportunities on its own. Although they wouldn't be able to live off their own writings.
If French intelligentsia were fairly numerous in the cities of Northern Italy, how would it affect the French invasions of Italy?Many were lawyers. I wonder whether the city states of Northern Italy might make a good place for them. Lots of commercial and mercantile dealings for them to practice their trade, republican governments they might be attracted to, and similar in culture and climate to France.
If French intelligentsia were fairly numerous in the cities of Northern Italy, how would it affect the French invasions of Italy?