Forty Years Later

WWIII began in September of 1965 when the US first used nuclear weapons against Vietcong battalions on the Ho Chi Minh trail. By the time the escalation process had finished more than 500 million people had died from direct destruction and fallout. The millions of soldiers and civilians that died during the Warsaw Pact annexation of continental Western Europe and the evacuation to Britain prior to the Christmas armistice were comparitively minor in extent.
Russia, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, China, Vietnam, Korea, and Cuba had suffered far more in the nuclear phase of the war than America and Canada. Half their population was killed before they were able to evacuate the cities by walking, private vehicles, and public transport. Only the rural population survived to suffer the fallout in most of northern Eurasia. And that was just the beginning.
The winter of 1965 and 1966 was unusually, abnormally, frighteningly, cold. The destruction of transportation networks was compounded by the inability of the road, rail, pipeline, and canal systems to move coal, oil, and gas to the electrical generation systems that kept industry (and agriculture) functioning. The loss of spare parts supply from the complex web of industrial production further reduced production in industry and agriculture.
The late frosts of spring and the early frosts of fall for the 1966 growing season destroyed much of the northern world's grain crops. The climate induced droughts reduced food production to the same extent not only in the Indian subcontinent, Northern Africa, Northern Latin America, and South East Asia, but in the rainfall watered areas of southern Europe, America, and China. Irrigated areas produced crops only where diesel or electricity was available to run the pumps.
The Famine had begun.
 
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The civil society in America was almost completely intact. Parts of the country were somewhat disorganised because the records were lost to blast, fire, or simply to rain blowing through broken windows (or walls) near the blast zones. Nonetheless almost all of the government layers continued to work. Elections were held only twelve months after the last nuclear bomb was used on Rochester, NY, on Christmas Eve, the day before the armistice.
Rationing of food and fuel went very well. Medical services were more or less provided. Antibiotics and vaccines were freely available from the reconstituted factories that were priorities for building and supplying. There was even a surplus to sell overseas for raw materials such as ores and timber.
But there was virtually no agricultural crop in 1966 in the Northern hemisphere. The wartime loss of the two dozen biggest American dams and their irrigation water and electricity compounded the problems of frost and drought for rainfed irrigation. The slaughtering of grazing animals after the evacuation of the cities to free up barns for refugees and the massive poaching by refugees to get food in the first two months of the war meant that even the grass fed pastoral production of cattle and sheep was diminished compared to prewar. The ranges were almost empty when the government realized that there would be a very limited harvest that season.
In Europe the damage was worse, but the effects were not so great.
The American airforce had completely destroyed the entire industrial network of Russia and the Warsaw Pact in the first two weeks. There literally were no targets left before the Americans had used up even half their nuclear ammunition. Nothing remained. No dams, no pipelines, no refineries, no large mines, and almost no small mines, no electrical generation facilities, no railroad bridges, almost no road bridges, no canal locks, no steel mills, no aluminum reduction plants (not there was significant electrical production or ore to feed them anyway), no factories of any consequence.
Ironically it didn't really matter how much destruction the Americans had done to Russia and the Warsaw Pact. The annexation of Western Europe had left them with considerable industrial capability. The only areas that were damaged were the ones they had attacked themselves, or the ones that were collateral casualties of American attacks on Russian forces. The Russians controlled large reserves of food that they could sell to the remaining Europeans (the ones not killed in the initial attacks or evacuated to Britain) in return for manufactured products and they proceded to do just that. In return for transportation repair equipment, refining capacity, and consumer goods, the remaining Europeans were reasonably well fed from stored supplies from their and the Warsaw Pact harvests of 1965.
Supplies from fishing and what they were able to salvage from the cold and wet winter of 1966 ensured that they were able to survive the 1966-7 winter and put in a crop.
On the other hand, Britain was in a bad way. The industrial disruption from the nuclear attacks was extensive. The population was able to evacuate fairly well because of the widespread distribution of private automobiles and the slightly longer time before the Russian bombers were able to get there. Some air defence capability helped reduce damage. The Russians sent four succesive missions before they managed to destroy Edinburgh, for instance.
Then the refugees arrived from Germany, the Low Countries, and France. The ferries and other small boats dropped them off at the smaller and undamaged coastal cities, and returned for more for two months. The British government did not sequester them as that would have motivated the NATO governments to make a separate peace on grounds of abandonment. The memories of Dunkirk and it's effect on Allied morale had ensured that.
By the winter armistice the always overburdened British agricultural system was almost out of food. In fact, it was to enable the resumption of free shipping of agricultural products from Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa that motivated the British government to threaten a separate peace if the Americans did not sign an armistice on Christmas day.
 
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The British government was the first to realise what the weather reports meant. They had long known that it was only the Gulf Stream that kept Northern Europe habitable, and they were used to assembling data from a world wide empire and adjusting commerce to match. Famines and how to deal with them were in their histories, and in some cases, their memories.
In January they had already seen the writing on the wall. The evacuation of orphans to the southern hemisphere was planned in the first week and begun in the second. Every ship that left for Australia and New Zealand was packed to the maximum extent with any excuse for an orphan, whether the death of the parents was confirmed or not. They simply began the evacuation of the population immediately on the reports from the almost untouched weather stations of the empire and their understanding of what the reduction in sunlight and temperatures meant.
This warning they did not pass on to America.
A great deal of literature has been written on this subject by the surviving American historians. The general theme is that the perfidious Albion of history was alive and well and living in Sydney. A more nuanced understanding is that the British did not recommend that America use nuclear weapons to prop up a corrupt gang of thugs and that Britain had already lost a significant proportion of their population in what was not their quarrel and certainly not one that they were responsible for or had supported.
Needless to say this is not a popular view in America.
Ireland was more self sufficient in food, but not enough so that they were able to make it through the next summer and winter on their own. They did manage to get a good number of their children on the refugee ships because of pressure from the Irish population of Australia. Especially when the Catholic church in Ireland pointed out that someone would have to take in the orphans and that the Catholic (Irish) families would expect to foster Catholic (Irish) children. And send them to Catholic churches.
 

hammo1j

Donor
I'm seeing a world dominated by the Southern Hemisphere and perhaps South America.

Reckon the US would go all bible belt and become christian fundamentalist and Eurasia (including UK) becoming like the Eurasia of '1984'.

Possibly Australia and NZ become the Atlantis in a world that has sunk to a new low.

Love to see all this detail and effort in scenarios. I have said before there should be an anthology of the best. Looking forward to more!
 
Some Quick Notes....

- With the onset of worldwide famine and the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese Peoplke suffered greatly under Mao Tse-tung. As many as 600 million people (twice the number of OTL) died from hunger, disease, and civil unrest in the "Time of Troubles" (1966-1971). In some parts of Xinjiang, there were even reports of cannibalism. This in turn led to the collapse of the Chinese Communist government in 1971, with the death of Mao Tse-tung, and the assumption of power by Lin Biao. By, 2005, the number of people has drifted to roughly 475 million. In many respects, the Chinese government has not fully recovered from the crisis.

-In the aftermath of the nuclear holocaust of 1965, the Covenant Sword and Arm of the Lord (CSA) was formed in 1978 by James Ellison along the Arkansas-Missouri border by James Ellison, blaming the nuclear war on the end of school prayer, the civil rights movement, and the introduction of "Negroid" music into American homes. Since 1983, the group has terrorized groups throughout the South through acts of terrorism.

- In San Francisco and New York, there was the renaissance in film. This was in part caused by the loss of Hollywood. Apparently the same Santa Ana Mountains that kept smog trapped in the San Fernando Valley also trapped nuclear fallout in the region after nuclear weapons hit the region. As such directors like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas, Steven Spielberg, and Roger Corman, who were not part of the Hollywood studio system, led the revival of American film in 1975, sparking international attention.

-General Curtis Le May, Joint Chiefs of Staff, declared martial law over the United States until roughly 1968. Many believe that the actions of martial law, while creating securitry for the country, created a fragile situation wherein radical religious and political movements of 1968 nearly sparked a civil war...
 
Some More Thoughts...

Chris Oakley- True Enough!! It could also mean that great minds think alike!!

As for more strange items for the ATL:

- In the aftermath of the nuclear holocaust, the American music scene underwent a dramatic change. On the one hand, you had acts like the Surfaris, the Beach Boys, Dick Dale, the Chantays, and the Ventures thrive in the absence of the Beatles, especially in Southern California, Hawaii, Oregon and Washington, evoking a more innocent time. On the other end of the other side of the spectrum you had underground folk music bands grow like the Mams & the Papas; Buffalo Springfield; the Byrds; and Crosby, Stills, & Nash despite martial law attempts to ban them, played in small clubs on the East and West Coast....

-Inspired by the communes of Findhorn, British music also went a dramatic change, with the absence of American pop standards and the Beatles, most artists looked to folk music to grab people's attention (e.g. Marianne Faithful, the Horslips, Jethro Tull, the Searchers, et al.). Again this was a music scene that thrived despite matial law attempts at a ban...

-With the nuclear holocaust, eminent social commentator Theodore Kacyzinski (OTL's Unabomber) has developed a cult following based on his teachings against technological dependence. Many followers have blamed technology as the "bane of humanity" at lectures at Harvard University and the University of California at Berkeley....

-In Canada, since 1934, Alexei Nicolaevitch Romanov, claims to be the heir to the Romanov Dynasty from Vancouver, Britsh Columbia. Considering the collapse of the Soviet government, many Russian Orthodox leaders are interested in supporting the return of the leader....


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Some Quick Items...

With the nuclear holocaust the following changes would have certainly happened:

- The African-American Civil Rights movement became more radicalized in 1966. With the rise of Black Panther in Oakland, CA under Bobby Seale and Stokely Carmicheal, many saw the nuclear war as a call for "radical revolution" against the system which many saw as collapsing. The shift was radical, from Atlanta to Oakland...

-Underground movements were formed in resistance to the imposition of martial law in 1965 until 1968. You had the Revolutionary Youth Movement (RYI) under Mike Klonsky and Bernadine Dohn. You also had the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) in Oakland, CA under Donald De Freeze and William Wolfe. And you also had the Youth International Party (YIP) (a.k.a. "Yippies") under Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman....

-The right-wing backlash against the underground movements were often in the form of anti-communist lynch mobs, but there were also groups that formed in direct opposition. There was the American Youth for a Just Peace (AYJP) which was formed by Sun Myung Moon. There was also the labor-backed NAtional Hard Hats of America (NHHA) which led lynch mobs against suspected "communist sympathizers" in New York City, Chicago, Boston, and Philadelphia. The most radical was the Secret Army Organization which launched assassination attempts against the President in 1970 after he met with leaders in the collapsed Russian state....
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
With the nuclear holocaust the following changes would have certainly happened:

- The African-American Civil Rights movement became more radicalized in 1966. With the rise of Black Panther in Oakland, CA under Bobby Seale and Stokely Carmicheal, many saw the nuclear war as a call for "radical revolution" against the system which many saw as collapsing. The shift was radical, from Atlanta to Oakland...

-Underground movements were formed in resistance to the imposition of martial law in 1965 until 1968. You had the Revolutionary Youth Movement (RYI) under Mike Klonsky and Bernadine Dohn. You also had the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) in Oakland, CA under Donald De Freeze and William Wolfe. And you also had the Youth International Party (YIP) (a.k.a. "Yippies") under Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman....

-The right-wing backlash against the underground movements were often in the form of anti-communist lynch mobs, but there were also groups that formed in direct opposition. There was the American Youth for a Just Peace (AYJP) which was formed by Sun Myung Moon. There was also the labor-backed NAtional Hard Hats of America (NHHA) which led lynch mobs against suspected "communist sympathizers" in New York City, Chicago, Boston, and Philadelphia. The most radical was the Secret Army Organization which launched assassination attempts against the President in 1970 after he met with leaders in the collapsed Russian state....
Who was President then in TTL?
 
I Couldn't Say...

Wendell said:
Who was President then in TTL?

Trust Me, I don't know, personally, I'm going with the idea that this little ATL is based on whoever contributes to the design of the TL's development. It could be LBJ, JFK, and for all I know it could even be Richard M. Nixon...But whoever doe write something next, please don't let any ASBs in the door...
 
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