Going with the spirit of the new challenge! [EDIT: now with added history etc]
Kingdom or Viceroyalty of Vinland
A Brief History
- Twin invasions from Harald Hardrada of Norway and William of Normandy effectively divide preConquest England.
- Edgar, grandson of Edmund Ironside, becomes Earl of Lothian under Harald III. His sister marries Malcolm III Canmore King of the Scots [1].
- Harald III makes his eldest son Magnus co-King of the English, naming him Earl of Northumbria; his younger son Olaf is made co-King of Norway [2].
- Magnus's only child Inge [3] is married to Edred Columbine [4] who is named Earl of Cumberland
- Norman Wars: deaths of Magnus, William Rufus, Malcolm, Edgar, and others. Edred succeeds Magnus but is vassal of Norman England - the Normans label him Prince of Northumbria. Duncan, eldest son from Malcolm's first marriage becomes King of the Scots.
- Edred succeeded by Cynstan I (aka Constantine I & IV). After Duncan's death he wars with his relatives over the throne of Scotland and is unable to take much advantage of the Norman Anarchy [5].
- The Kingdom of the Isles becomes a vassal and is absorbed when it fragments
- Scotland and Northumbria separate as Kingdoms due to the Tanist War between cadet Houses Constantine (Argyll) and Simonine (York) [6]
- Justin (Eostan) I Simonine of Northumbria becomes Justin (Eystein) II of Norway and begins expansion of the Atlantic colonies that later form Vinland.
- Simon III inherits Scotland, formalises the union, and declares the Empire. He romanises much of the dynastic history [7].
The Flags
The State Flag of the Empire of the North is a combination of flags from the founding kingdoms.
Scotland - used a saltire since the first union with Northumbria and is based on the
visitation of St Andrew [8] of a fiery cross in the sky. It is a red saltire on white, often fimbriated in gold (reflecting the traditional Arms of Scotland: red crowned lion bearing a sword on a gold field).
Northumbria - has 2 flags in use; one uses the St Cuthbert [9] Cross in white on blue (the traditional badge of the Simonines and descending dynasty), the other is based on Bede's description of the pre-Viking flag of Northumbrian and is vertical stripes of blue and gold.
Norway - uses 2 golden halberd axes in saltire on red, sometimes called the St Olaf Cross.
The State Flag is a red saltire on white surmounted by 2 golden axes in saltire and a blue round shield with white St Cuthbert Cross.
Vinland
Vinland is an autonomous Kingdom within the Empire of the North having its own Intendant and Assembly.
It is formed from the colonies settled by the then United Kingdom of Northumbria, Norway, & Scotland.
The flag features the axes in saltire of St Olaf and the cross of St Cuthbert, albeit white on red, as a reference to Justin I/II officially granting the Vinland Charters - Justin often used a white cross on red as his personal badge.
The green field is a reference to Eric the Red's descriptions of the "green lands beyond Thule" in an attempt to promote settlement [10].
[1] TTL it is more due to local politics than an alliance to retake England
[2] Olaf's son Magnus Barefoot succeeds him as King and Norway roughly follows OTL thence
[3] OTL he did not marry; TTL the (northern) nobles force it
[4]
Columbine comes from his father Malcolm Canmore; Edred is an alt-David of the House Columbine
[5] A similar event to OTL but based on alternate marriages of William's sons.
[6] Tanistry is where the eldest of the ruling dynasty is deputy (tanist), and occasional heir, above that of senior heir by primogeniture. ITTL King Adam of N&S has a brother Simon Earl of York and Constantine Earl of Argyll; Simon's grandson Simon and Constantine's son Constantine fight over Scotland when Constantine claims heir rights to Scotland as Tanist.
[7] Hence
Constantine for
Cynstan, Simon for
Sigmund,
Justin for
Eystein, etc
[8] Patron Saint of Scotland as OTL
[9] Patron Saint of Northumbria
[10] I made this up but it sounds like the sort of thing attributed to him!