Ferdinand of Aragon realized his wish -A different division of the Habsburg lands

Ferdinand of Aragon wanted his younger grandson and namesake Ferdinand, born and educated in Spain, and not his older brother Charles (born and educated in the Netherlands) as heir of the Spanish kingdoms. Maybe he lives longer and Emperor Maximilian die before him so Charles is already the Emperor and the King is able to persuade the cortes of Castile and Aragon to make Ferdinand his heir. What will happen after that?
Ferdinand VIII (i think) is the ruler of the Spanish empire and has with him his youngest sister, Catalina (also spanish for birth and education), while Emperor Charles V is the ruler of the Empire, Austrian lands and Netherlands and their other sister (Eleanor, Mary and Isabella) also live in Netherlands.

What will happen after? Emperor Maximilian signed a treaty with the King of Bohemia and Hungary for a double marriage so Mary (as OTL) or one of her older sisters will marry the future Louis II of Hungary and Charles will marry Anne of Hungary (his brother OTL wife). Also for better securing the succession of young Ferdinand is likely who Ferdinand of Aragon will arrange a double wedding between his grandchildren with his son-in-law the King of Portugal so Catalina will marry the future John III as OTL and Ferdinand the eldest daughter, Isabella (who in OTL married Charles).
 
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IOTL Ferdinand of Aragon was eventually persuaded to accept his eldest grandson Charles as the main heir.
Also IOTL Ferdinand of Austria gained the Austrian Hereditary Lands as part of the division of the inheritance and to make him a more appealing for Hungary and Bohemia as the spouse of Anne. The division of inheritance was more common in the most of the Empire, but in the Burgundian Lands as in the Spanish kingdoms, it was more customary for the eldest to inherit everything.

IMHO I'm inclined to say this is less likely than OTL, but not impossible. However it will cost something: OTL Ferdinand of Austria will renounce his rights on the Austrian Hereditary Lands; the Spanish kingdoms will help bankrolling the election of Charles as Holy Roman Emperor and they will pledge their support with respect to the duchy of Milan and other conflicts with France; and finally there will still be a mutual succession treaty.

IOTL the brothers worked together quite well, ITTL with a changed dynamic, which could become a bit more balanced, if Charles becomes king of Hungary (-Croatia)and Bohemia, things might not break down as they did towards the end of the reign of Charles. OTOH ITTL Ferdinand will be somewhat more independent from the beginning, though they probably will cooperate to defend common dynastic interests. Still Charles won't be in a position to reclaim the territory of the duchy of Burgundy, I know this failed in IOTL, but he repeatedly claimed it anyway. A joined victory of Austria-Burgundy and Castille-Aragon on France might end up in France renouncing their claims Naples in favour of Castille-Aragon and their claims on Milan in favour of the Empire (Austria-Burgundy). More practically the division of the Burgundian Inheritance by the treaty of Senlis (1493) will have to be reconfirmed with the addition that Flanders and Artois are transferred to the Empire, but Charles will have to let his dream of retaining the territory of the duchy of Burgundy nor obtaining any other claimed French territory in France proper.
 
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IOTL Ferdinand of Aragon was eventually persuaded to accept his eldest grandson Charles as the main heir.
Also IOTL Ferdinand of Austria gained the Austrian Hereditary Lands as part of the division of the inheritance and to make him a more appealing for Hungary and Bohemia as the spouse of Anne. The division of inheritance was more common in the most of the Empire, but in the Burgundian Lands as in the Spanish kingdoms, it was more customary for the eldest to inherit everything.

IMHO I'm inclined to say this is less likely than OTL, but not impossible. However it will cost something: OTL Ferdinand of Austria will renounce his rights on the Austrian Hereditary Lands; the Spanish kingdoms will help bankrolling the election of Charles as Holy Roman Emperor and they will pledge their support with respect to the duchy of Milan and other conflicts with France; and finally there will still be a mutual succession treaty.

IOTL the brothers worked together quite well, ITTL with a changed dynamic, which could become a bit more balanced, if Charles becomes king of Hungary (-Croatia)and Bohemia, things might not break down as they did towards the end of the reign of Charles. OTOH ITTL Ferdinand will be somewhat more independent from the beginning, though they probably will cooperate to defend common dynastic interests. Still Charles won't be in a position to reclaim the territory of the duchy of Burgundy, I know this failed in IOTL, but he repeatedly claimed it anyway. A joined victory of Austria-Burgundy and Castille-Aragon on France might end up in France renouncing their claims Naples in favour of Castille-Aragon and their claims on Milan in favour of the Empire (Austria-Burgundy). More practically the division of the Burgundian Inheritance by the treaty of Senlis (1493) will have to be reconfirmed with the addition that Flanders and Artois are transferred to the Empire, but Charles will have to let his dream of retaining the territory of the duchy of Burgundy nor obtaining any other claimed French territory in France proper.

I think Ferdinand would likely marry Renee of France.
 
Let us say Ferdinand of Aragon were able to get the Cortes of both Aragon and Naples to recognize his grandson Ferdinand as his heir to those kingdoms before his death in 1516. Ferdinand would of course also try to convince the Cortes of Castle to recognize Ferdinand of Austria to be heir to his daughter Joanna I of Castile. I suspect that the Castilian Cortes would not remove OTL’s Charles V as heir of the crown of Castile. Keep in mind that on two separate occasions, in 1506 and in 1510, the Castilian Cortes had recognized Charles as the Prince of Asturias. So upon the death of Ferdinand in 1516, Charles still is heir in Castile while Ferdinand becomes king of both Aragon and Castile. I could see Emperor Maximilian I leaving all of the hereditary Habsburg territories to Charles in this scenario. Upon Maximilian’s death, Charles would still likely be elected emperor and leave Castile to go to Germany. In OTL, the revolt of the Comuneros took place while Charles was in Germany and could certainly see a similar revolt in TTL. In OTL, the rebels wanted to remove Charles as king in favor of either his mother Joanna or his brother Ferdinand. In TTL, I could see the rebels make a similar offer to Ferdinand and he might be tempted to take it. In TTL, Ferdinand in control of the resources of the crown of Aragon would have the means to take Castile from his brother. Considering the personality of Ferdinand in OTL, I doubt he would betray Charles for Castile.
 
As I said the most likely scenario see Ferdinand of Aragon still alive at the death of Emperor Maximilian. In that case is plausible who the King can persuade all the Cortes (Aragon, Naples and Castile) to name Ferdinand as heir and Charles to accept the situation (in exchange of financial help for the Imperial Election and support for taking back the lost Burgundian lands)?
 
Even if Ferdinand were to outlive Maximilian, I do not see the Cortes of Castile removing Charles as Prince of Asturias. Most of the members of the Cortes would have been members of the 1510 Cortes that had recognized Charles as the Prince of Asturias. What reason could Ferdinand give them to remove Charles and alter the line of succession? It would comparable to Queen Elizabeth II going to the Parliaments of all sixteen Commonwealth realms with a proposal to remove Prince Charles from the line of succession and make Prince William the new Prince of Wales.
 
As I said the most likely scenario see Ferdinand of Aragon still alive at the death of Emperor Maximilian. In that case is plausible who the King can persuade all the Cortes (Aragon, Naples and Castile) to name Ferdinand as heir and Charles to accept the situation (in exchange of financial help for the Imperial Election and support for taking back the lost Burgundian lands)?

An earlier death of Maximilian would make the Imperial Election an acute question. This could place Ferdinand of Aragon in a position to both get, what he wants and to soften the blow. Ferdinand might have projected some of the dislike of Philip the Handsome on Charles of Ghent, but he'd still prefer Charles over Francis as the next HRE.
As for the lost Burgundian lands, the division of the treaty of Senlis seems most likely, maybe Flanders and Artois can be transferred to the Empire sooner, as for the duchy of Burgundy proper that could end up being traded for the duchy of Milan (while the Habsburgs only retain the title duke of Burgundy).

As a side note IOTL Ferdinand of Austria was briefly considered as the Habsburg candidate for the Imperial Throne instead of Charles of Ghent; that might have resulted in the opposite you're proposing.
 
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