Fantasque Time Line (France Fights On) - English Translation

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5134
August 3rd, 1942

Off the east coast of Australia, 01:30
(Operation Oni, Phase 3c) - The Ro-64 spots a new coastal convoy and accelerates to 16 knots to position itself on its bow. But after 45 minutes, it suffers a serious mechanical failure, which reduces its speed to 5 knots. The mechanic indicates that one of the engines is completely out of order and that by failing, it has damaged the other one.
The submarine then heads for Rabaul to repair. The weather being very bad and the intervention of aircraft is unlikely, the commander decides to take the risk of reporting his troubles by radio. The I-6, on its way back to Kwajalein, picks up the message and joins the Ro-64, which it accompanies to Rabaul.
Phase 3c of the Oni 1 operation is over. It resulted in the destruction of approximately 35,500 GRTs of merchant tonnage and a corvette. But the age and increasing unreliability of the Ro Type are becoming increasingly troublesome.
From Research for Australian Official Histories, 1949, notes by Mr Norman.
 
5135
August 3rd, 1942

Rastenburg
- The Führer is exasperated by the stubborn resistance of Ventspils. After an hour-long speech to his generals on the true National Socialist spirit and the German moral superiority, he decides to dismiss the two "Courland incompetents", Generals von Chappuis and von Both. However, the worrying dispatches that arrive from the sector do not give him the time to convene a council of war to judge them, and Brauchitsch, not without difficulty, manages to bring the discussion back to the military situation.
The two unlucky men are nevertheless stripped of their posts and Operation Bruno is suspended. Von Chappuis commits suicide three months later, and von Both is demoted to commander of the security divisions in the rear of Army Group North.
 
5136
August 3rd, 1942

Russian front
- Central sector
Smolensk Salient
- The Soviets launch two attacks to test the German defenses, one north of the Salient, against the 15. ID, the other south, against the 292. ID. After a powerful artillery barrage, both divisions undergo brutal attacks in the middle of the night, from 01:30 to 05:00. The 15. ID is the most severely hit, because it had arrived only a few days earlier and its men did not have time to entrench themselves very solidly. General Materna has to ask the 162. ID to support the left flank of the 112. ID. to extend its front east of Roudn'a, to maintain the contact between the XX and XLII Corps (at the northern base of the Salient).
At the end of the day, von Bock, accompanied by his chief of staff, von Sodenstern, meet in Orsha with Field Marshal von Kluge (commander of the 4th Army) and Colonel-General Strauss (commander of the 9th Army) to coordinate the actions of the two armies.
The head of Army Group Center is very concerned about Soviet activity in the Roudn'a sector and fears an offensive towards Orsha from the north, to cut the Vitebsk-Orsha railway line. The situation of the 9th Army (north of the Salient) is bleak, especially since its only reserve is the LIII Corps, deployed around Vitebsk and which has only two divisions (the 260. and 293. ID). Von Kluge has better reserves, with the XLIII. Corps, south of Orsha (131., 134. and 252. ID) and the XLVI. PanzerKorps (10. PanzerDivision,
SS motorized division Das Reich, motorized infantry regiment GrossDeutschland), deployed on the eastern bank of the Dnieper north of Moghilev. However, the PanzerKorps had been very tested the previous weeks and is understaffed. Von Kluge agrees to allow the divisions of the XLIII Corps to support the 9th Army if necessary. However, he is especially afraid of an attack from the south, intended to eliminate the German bridgehead on the left bank (south-east) of the Dnieper.
...
- Southern sector and Black Sea
The Romanian minesweeper Amiral Murgescu is attacked by the submarine S-36 reinforcing the defensive minefield in front of Constantza. But the torpedoes miss their and the Murgescu escapes without difficulty.
However, the Romanians do not relax their efforts, knowing that if they could not directly confront the Soviet fleet directly, they must imperatively protect their coastal traffic. In the following weeks, the mine-layers Amiral Murgescu, Dacia and Durostor extend the Midia-Tulza field (which protects Constantza) southwards to the Bulgarian coast.

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Romanian Navy Minelayer NMS Amiral Murgescu, Minelaying operations, August 1942
 
5137
August 3rd, 1942

Olbia (Sardinia)
- The port is attacked by 18 B-25B/C of the 11th EB. The B-25s fly at high speed, under radar cover and without escort. Their arrival throws the port into confusion, the coaster Paris Merica (394 GRT) is sunk and two others are damaged.
On their way back, lightened by their bombs, the Mitchells meet a group of transport planes (five Ju 52 and three SM.81) going alone from Naples to Cagliari; delighted by the opportunity, they shoot down two of the Junkers and one of the Pipistrellos.
 
5139
August 4th, 1942

Rome
- Princess Marie-José sends a letter to the English and French ambassadors to the Holy See, Sir d'Arcy Osborne and Wladimir d'Ormesson. Still in shock by what she has seen in Naples, she asks them, with real candor, to transmit to London and Algiers that "the Italian people are suffering enormously and [that] their resentment is growing in the face of the cruel bombardments inflicted on the cities. Despair and hatred will not promote understanding and cooperation between our three countries."
The two ambassadors, no doubt both touched and embarrassed, agree to reply to her in a joint letter without letterhead and polite formulas, in order to remind him that - despite of the family origins of the Princess - they represent enemy nations. They commit themselves to contact their respective governments to suggest to accompany the bombardments with leaflets explaining to the population the reasons for such acts of war. Perceiving that such a response might seem ironic and in bad taste, they concede that this "is a small consolation. This is not the first time we have spoken out about the bombing of Italy. The whole system is to be condemned. But we didn't invent it".
 
5140
August 4th, 1942

Augsburg-Haunstetten
- At the Messerschmitt airfield, the Me 309 prototype resumes its test flights. However, the flight is soon cut short when the aircraft becomes so aileron-heavy, to the point of becoming difficult to control.
 
5141
August 4th, 1942

New Hebrides
- Ten P-40Es from AC20 land in Port-Vila (Efate) to provide coverage of Espiritu Santo.
Further north, the American destroyer USS Tucker, which provides escort for convoys between Fiji, Australia and New Zealand, sinks in the early morning, after having jumped on a mine. During the night, the ship had strayed into one of the minefields laid less than 24 hours earlier by the US Navy in the Segond Channel, to protect the main port of Espiritu Santo.
 
5142
August 4th, 1942

Kokoda airstrip
- Wootten requests RAAF assistance and Boomerang, Wirraway and Battle do their best to bomb the Japanese positions. The covering Hurricanes are attacked twice by Zeros coming from Lae. Three Hurricanes and two Zeros are shot down, but the Japanese fighters only manage to get through the Australian screen once - despite fierce resistance, a Boomerang is shot down. The pilot jumps, his parachute opens just above the ground and 2/9th Battalion immediately sends a squad to retrieve him. They succeed despite a Japanese patrol, but the pilot, wounded, refuses to be evacuated and asks to se Brigadier Wootten himself! "Now that I have seen the situation from above and below, Sir," he explains, "I can tell you that we'll never make it if there isn't a guy from back home to talk live to the pilots who are trying to help you. I'm here, I'm staying."

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RAAF CAC Wirraway, Kokoda Track Campaign, August 1942
 
5143
August 4th, 1942

Off Sydney
(Operation Oni, Phase 3d) - The 13th Submarine Division (three Type KRS, the I-121, I-122 and I-123, duly refurbished), is tasked to create a large minefield off Sydney, with a mix of conventional contact mines and German acoustic mines, intended to make sweeping more difficult. This idea came from the Kriegsmarine. The Imperial Navy has a few hundred of these German mines, but it has little chance of obtaining more, and the production of Japanese acoustic mines will not begin before 1943, hence the idea of using a small number of German mines to "densify" a conventional sea mine field.
The 13th Division leaves Kwajalein on July 21st, with 42 contact and 8 acoustic mines (all laid by torpedo tubes) in each submersible. The 150 mines are laid during the night of the 3rd to the 4th and the three submarines leave immediately for Kwajalein. They are ordered to attempt a torpedo attack only if a very good opportunity presents itself. Only the I-122 is able to try its luck, on August 6th, against a large isolated cargo ship, but its two torpedoes miss their target. The submarines arrive at Kwajalein on August 18t without further incident.
From Research for Australian Official Histories, 1949, notes by Mr Norman.
 
5144
August 4th, 1942

Sumatra, 04:35
- From a position south of Great Nicobar, Admiral Somerville's carriers launch a formation of 10 Albacore and 8 Martlet IIs armed with bombs, escorted by 8 F4F-3A (from the AC-2 Flotilla). At dawn, these planes attack the Japanese barracks and warehouses in Banda Aceh, surprising the defenders, whose flak could only slightly damage a Martlet.
10:30 - The Japanese command is informed of this attack carried out by planes from aircraft carriers. General Yamashita orders a general alert in the whole Strait of Malacca, fearing that this raid would herald a new convoy to Singapore. In fact, it is only a diversion intended to divert Japanese attention from the Solomons.
 
5145
August 4th, 1942

Russian Front
- Northern sector and Baltic Sea
Liepaja
- At the 18th Army, von Küchler feels that the knife is not far away and that it is time to finish with Ventspils. And yet, it is only a small fortress that nobody had ever heard of: what would it be like to besiege Leningrad or Sevastopol? And of course, the Soviet radio sings the praises of General Berzarin, the military governor of the pocket. He is becoming a celebrity! Ventspils is not a capital*!
To overcome this, von Küchler finds two new leaders for his army corps. At the XXXVIII Corps, Siegfried Hänicke, a divisional officer who had participated in the capture of the Belgian fort of Eben-Emael in 1940 (so far away, already...) and who made a good showing at Jürmala; in the I Corps, Otto Wöhler, whom von Küchler knew less well, but who had been von Kluge's chief of staff and is considered very capable. Above all, von Küchler harassed his own chief of staff, Waeger, who is not Doktor Ingenieur for nothing, and his new HArko (chief of artillery), Kratzert, in order to better prepare the next assault. Only one instruction: the Führer's orders must be carried out, operation Bruno must be fulfilled.
...
- Central sector
Smolensk Salient
- The 43rd Soviet Army resumes its attack against the 292. ID, on the south side of the Salient. It also attacks the junction between the 292. and 7. ID, on its right flank, northeast of Gorky, at the Pronya (a tributary of the Dnieper). Von Kluge must engage the motorized regiment GrossDeutschland (Hörnlein) to control the second attack. He orders the 131. and 134. ID to deploy on the Orsha - Smolensk road, behind the 7. and 292. ID, leaving only the 252. ID as a reserve available for a possible transfer to the 9th Army if necessary.
In addition to these limited attacks, the Red Army is manifested by artillery fire along the entire length of the Salient, and the German divisions deployed on the front have all 150 to 200 dead and wounded during the day. The Soviet air force is also very active, and the Luftwaffe has great difficulty in protecting its reconnaissance and observation aircraft from the battlefield. However, at the end of the afternoon, an Fw 189 spots many tracks west of Krichev (on the course of the Soj, another tributary of the Dnieper) and intense activity of Soviet engineering troops on the Krichev bridge.
Shortly after nightfall, the German outposts of the 7. and 106. ID (at the south-eastern base of the Salient) report numerous sounds of tanks heading south.
...
- Southern sector and Black Sea
A formation of 9 SB-bis and 12 Pe-2 attack a convoy of nine ships going from Constantza to Sulina and escorted by the DD Marasesti, the gunboats Locotenent-Commandor Stihi-Eugen and Sublocotenent Chiculescu and two minesweepers. This convoy is loaded with equipment and supplies that are badly needed by the Romanian divisions engaged against the Soviet forces on the Odessa front.
Despite the intervention of two German He 114 seaplanes, the Soviet planes continue their attack. Two SB-bis are shot down by the flak, but a cargo ship is burned and another one seriously damaged. Fearing that this air raid is only the prelude to an attack by a naval squadron, the convoy commander decides to return to Constantza.

* Ice-free all year round, Ventspils is nevertheless the first oil export port of the USSR since the Soviets built a pipeline there. The Red Army is present there since 1939.
 
5146
August 4th, 1942

Ajaccio, 09:45
- The Campo dell'Oro airfield is attacked by 48 USAAF B-24s (98th and 376th BG) escorted by 48 NA-89 Mustang II of the 5th EC. The raid is intercepted by 14 Re.2001 of the 2nd Gruppo, commanded by Lt-Col. Quarantotti, who position themselves in the best possible way, because the attackers had been detected by radar long before. In five minutes of combat, the Falco IIs manage to shoot down three of the Mustang IIs, including that of Captain Leparc, and even a B-24 of the 376th BG, the first USAAF heavy bomber shot down in the Mediterranean. But the French fighters take their revenge, destroying nine of their opponents.
As soon as he lands between the bomb craters, Lt-Colonel Quarantotti, who had shot down a Mustang and damaged a B-24, orders his mechanics to immediately refuel his plane, so that he could take off again in search of some of his pilots, who might have fallen into the sea. But a few minutes later, his plane catches fire - perhaps because of unnoticed damage sustained in combat. Quarantotti jumps over the sea, but drowns (according to Italian rescue services who found his body, he could not have freed himself from the straps and lines of his parachute).
Other parachutists of the day are more fortunate.
"You must always respect your opponent, even if you are outnumbered and outgunned. This is the lesson that the Re.2001s give us, jumping on us at one against three (one against six, counting the bombers) at the approaches of Ajaccio. One of them, taking advantage of its maneuverability, like our MS-406s against the Bf 109s in the past, slips behind me and plunges me generously before releasing under the gusts of Wade, my wingman, who remains convinced that he hit him, but follows me like a worried nanny, because my engine spits out a thick smoke. "Red 1, Red 1! How are you doing? Jean-Pierre, how are you?" Leopold asks. I am worried too, but even more furious: "I am fine, but my zinc isn't. I'd better jump!" I'd rather jump over Corsica than end up in the water somewhere between here and Tunis.
I parachute as the manual advises and find myself suspended in the air above the Isle of Beauty, drenched in sunlight. On the way down, I have time to call myself an idiot although the guy who shot me is not the first idiot, the badges that Léopold saw (and that his machine gun filmed) prove it.
On the ground, in the middle of the maquis (at least I suppose that's what the maquis is!), I continue to follow the manual: I fold up my baggage to hide it. But where? I have the impression that there is not a soul who lives hundreds of kilometers away. A false impression: half a dozen patient individuals armed to the teeth seem to emerge from the ground, and one of them calls out to me in a strange language by pointing a machine gun under my nose. I remain mute of fear and surprise. Fortunately, one of his colleagues intervened: "Calm down, Tino, you can see that he is not an Italian!"
(The rest of the dialogue is in Corsican, but it will be translated for me later, amidst the laughter.)
- So, why doesn't he answer when I speak English to him? You told me that all the Allied pilots understand English, right?
- Uh, Tino, maybe because the English he understands is not like the English you learned in New York, during your... 1937 internship with cousin Paolo...

That's how my first vacations in Corsica began, spiced up with races in the maquis and very frugal meals with the team of cousins Hector and Tino Garneri. Not to mentionmore warlike episodes.
(...)
[Three weeks after being shot down, Jean-Pierre Leparc was recovered without incident by the Henri Poincaré, but he will have left an indelible memory in the island of Beauty].
(...) This will not be my last stay in Corsica, far from it. I have today a small house called "Le Parachute", almost on the spot of my involuntary arrival, where my family comes every year to spend less agitated vacations and where we enjoy the Corsican culinary specialties that I could not taste in 1942.
[Added to the 2000 anniversary edition] A few years ago, my house suffered the same fate as many others belonging to continental people. When we arrived from Paris, we found it in ruins: hooded individuals had come the day before to exercise their talents of fireworks. But the very next day, I saw a team of workers arrive, led by a character visibly very, very annoyed. They had come to repair the damage, and for free! The work completed in record time, the boss asked me for a certificate saying that everything was fine and left, thanking me with these words: "Sorry again, Mr. Leparc. We didn't know the story of the Parachute." Apparently, other Corsicans did."
(Jean-Pierre Leparc, Les Gars du Lafayette)
.........
This raid is for the heavy bombers the last training (in real conditions!) before the beginning of Blowlamp. All the American B-24s have to join Benghazi the next day, before redeploying to Rhodes and Crete.
 
5147
August 4th, 1942

Reggio Calabria
- RAF Beaumont I's and Air Force B-25's, heavily escorted, attack the city. The Regia Aeronautica does not retaliate.

Brindisi - After a stopover at Zanthe, 12 DB-73 of the 19th EB and 12 Boston III of the 235th Bomber Wing attack the Brindisi airfield at low altitude. They destroy three Fiat G.50 and five SM.79 II and set fire to some installations. The flak shoots down one French and one British aircraft.
 
5148
August 4th, 1942

Oran - Mers-El-Kébir
- The PBY-5 of the E 22 Flotilla launch a vast search and rescue operation at sea, aimed at recovering possible survivors of a plane flying from Algiers to Gibraltar, whose crash in the sea was announced the night before. The news of the accident apparently aroused great emotion in the upper echelons of the Allied command, to the point that the Axis intelligence services had no difficulty in hearing about it.
 
5149
August 5th, 1942

Bulldog Track
- Most of the combat-capable men of the Kanga Force - about 280 ! - are blocking the Bulldog Track from a position overlooking a ford in the upper Bulolo. The Japanese approach cautiously and spends the day reconnoitering the area. They discover that the position is not easy to flank, and a frontal attack through the ford of the Bulolo is out of the question.
.........
Kokoda Track - Ground fighters recover. At dawn, a Dutch Lodestar drops off an RAAF radio and its operator at Myola to contact the planes directly.
Both are sent to the front line. Late in the evening, they join the wounded pilot.
.........
Milne Bay - On this day, Milne's radar is working well! Thirteen Hurricanes and nine Boomerang collide with twelve A6M2s from Lae on offensive patrol. For once, the sky over the bay is clear, the usual clouds having hung over the hills. A furious battle sees the Australian pilots pay dearly for their lack of experience. Three Hurricanes and two Boomerangs are shot down, for only two A6M2s. However, the Australians found that the Boomerang held up well in a dogfight with the Zero, although it is slower - on the other hand, as was already known, the Hurricane, while faster, cannot take on the A6M2 in a spinning duel. Meanwhile, a J1N1-C photographs the area at high altitude. Obstinate, the Australians send new planes from Port Moresby.
 
5150 - Start of Operation Watchtower
August 5th, 1942

Southwest Pacific Campaign - Operation Watchtower

While, on the other side of the planet, a huge operation is about to start, a battle begins in the heart of the Pacific which, although it involves a much smaller number of troops, will be much longer and will have at least as important an effect on the rest of the world war.
At the end of the morning, a Tenaru G4M1 on routine patrol spots, approximately 350 miles south of Guadalcanal, a convoy of about 25 transports, escorted by numerous warships, heading north. The G4M1 tries to follow this force and alerted its base. Shortly after having reported that it was under attack by carrier-based fighters, it disappears from the airwaves.
Despite the very poor weather for aerial reconnaissance, two E13A1 seaplanes are immediately sent and a raid of twelve torpedo armed G4M1s is prepared. The other eight
available G4M1s are left aside, as Tenaru has no more torpedoes.
At 14:00, one of the E13A1s signals the convoy, which had not changed course. The other, sent further east, discovers "an aircraft carrier" 300 nautical miles south-east of Guadalcanal, before ceasing all transmission.
The twelve G4M1s take off, escorted by sixteen A6M2s. The weather is still very cloudy, and the G4M1s could not find the convoy, but at dusk they thought they could see the aircraft carriers. In fact, it is the tankers Cimarron, Kanewha, Kaskaskia, Neosho, Platte and Sabine, escorted by two heavy cruisers and six destroyers. They are also covered by a CAP of nine F4F Wildcats, which see the Zero arrive at medium altitude, but do not distinguish the torpedo bombers flying low over the water in the twilight. They surprise the Japanese fighters and shoot down four of them, then flee in a dive. Only two, forgetting the instructions of the Coral Sea veterans, let themselves be drawn into a dogfight and are destroyed.
However, the G4M1s attack the tankers, but the intensity and efficiency of the American flak surprises them. Four of them are shot down, two severely damaged, but two of them manage to hit the Neosho. The engine room is destroyed and the ship catches fire; it is quickly abandoned and scuttled.
On landing at Tenaru, the two damaged G4M1s crash. The Japanese base has only fourteen G4M1s operational, and not a single torpedo. Faced with the arrival of the Allied fleet, the staff of the 25th Air Flotilla orders to withdraw the bombers to Rabaul, as well as two A6M2 in flying condition but not in combat. As for the other fighters, rather than withdrawing them as well, the staff decides to keep them at Tenaru to inflict a maximum of losses to the enemy planes whose attack is foreseeable.
The fighter and light reconnaissance seaplanes also have to remain in Tulagi as long as possible. However, most of the technical personnel of the seaplane base is evacuated by H6K seaplanes.
Around 23:00, 4 B-17 of the USAAF, 4 Hudsons of the RNZAF, 9 Whitleys, 3 Wellingtons and 12 Manchester of the RAAF attack Tenaru. A lucky shot from the flak shoots down a Whitley.
 
5151
August 5th, 1942

East Coast of Australia
(Operation Oni, Phase 3) - The 19th Submarine Division (Kure) is composed of three old KD3A and B-type ships, I-156, I-157 and I-158. The Sixth Fleet decides to extend Phase 3 of Operation Oni by sending them to the east coast of Australia. Coming from Kwajalein after a stopover in Rabaul, the submarines arrive between 27 and 30 July in their patrol areas: I-156 (KD3A) between Brisbane and the New South Wales border, the I-157 (KD3B) between this border and Wollongong, I-158 (KD3A) between Wollongong and Bass Strait.
12:30 - I-156 spots a convoy off Tweed Heads. It carries out a very well calculated daylight attack and two torpedoes hit the American tanker Gulfbird (Gulf Oil Corporation, 10,208 GRT, on its way to Sydney with aviation gasoline), which explodes and sinks at 13:00. The escort chases the I-156 for four hours with the help of two Anson and a Botha from Caloundra. An oil stain is spotted, which could indicate that the submarine had been damaged.
From Research for Australian Official Histories, 1949, notes by Mr Norman
 
5152
August 5th, 1942

Russian Front
- Central sector
Smolensk Salient
- In the middle of the night, at 02:00, the German 137. ID, at the eastern tip of the southern part of the Salient, undergoes first an artillery barrage, brief (30 minutes) but very violent (203 mm howitzers took part in it). Then, the 258th and 290th Rifle Divisions of the 50th Soviet Army go on the attack. The 137. ID is pushed back to the Dnieper and at several points, the Soviets advanced to within 1,000 m of the river. In fact, it is only a test attack, but the violence of the attack makes General Geyer (who commanded the IXth Corps) believe that his troops had stopped a major offensive. In five hours of fighting, the 137. ID has more than 1,200 dead and wounded, and the attackers about twice that.
During the day, the Soviet air force takes over. It makes five raids against Orsha and Moghilev, losing 19 aircraft against 8 German planes. However, the 81st AD (Air Division) of the ADD (Long Range Aviation), startsto deploy its 121 Il-4 and DB-3F bombers at Mozhaisk.
In the evening, von Bock and von Sodenstern meet again with Strauss and von Kluge.
According to the elements gathered by the Luftwaffe reconnaissance and the table of activities, the four men conclude that a powerful attack is being prepared on two axes, one in the north, directed towards the Vitebsk-Orsha road, the other in the south, towards Moghilev.
This second attack seems potentially the most dangerous. During the night, von Bock calls Halder to the OKH: "The enemy is preparing a large-scale attack and our troops are stretched thin, in positions that are difficult to defend, Smolensk in particular is very exposed. I need permission to shorten the front! As long as we keep Velikiye Luki, which is much less threatened, we have an opening on the road to Moscow." But Halder, who remains very bitter at the memory of the political defeat he suffered against Guderian, still hopes to be able to organize a direct offensive against Moscow: "I regret," he replies, "it is imperative that we keep Smolensk". And he refuses any retreat.
...
- Southern sector and Black Sea
At dawn, two TB-3 and two Pe-8 Aviamatka launch four I-16 SPB and four Yak-1 SPB towards the port of Constantza. In spite of a violent flak, which shoots down an I-16, the Soviet planes destroy two coastal tankers, still loaded with supplies, and a fuel barge.
 
5153
August 5th, 1942

Madrid
- André François-Poncet, "high representative of the French Republic" to the government of General Franco, is informed by the Spanish authorities that two days earlier fishermen have found the body of a drowned French officer off the coast of Torrevieja. The diplomat asks with energy that the body is immediately entrusted to the guard of the French consulate of Alicante.
 
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