Explain the War

"The War of Southern Aggression"

Nickname in Chinese historiography of the conflict and conquests provoked by Yue raids at the fall of the Westernmost Zhou Dynasty, commonly seen as the result of a conspiration among Yue States (or Great Yue State), in alliance with Ji Dynasty as a gambit of the latter to take the leadership in China.
Eventually Ji Dynasty fall too, but contrary to the remnants of Westernmost Zhou that eventually were unified by Son Dynasty in the IInd century BCE, the southern parts of the former empire (a bit more than just Ji Dynasty holdings) was conquered by Yue groups, formingsinicized petty-kingdoms there whom the lasts were conquered in the early Ist century BCE.

Ji Dynasty's role and the decline of Westernmost Zhou was eventually diminished, in order to put the major blame not on Chinese (except for traditionally branded "traitors") but on Yue peoples.

->Fall of Massalia
 
"Fall of Massalia
The name given to the capture of the port city of Massalia, an event which ignited the Northern phase of the long-running conflict between Rome, Carthage, and a variety of Gallic tribes aligned with both sides. Following the defeat of the Carthaginian invasion of Sicily by Roman forces, the city determined to pursue a more oblique strategy by engaging Gallic tribes hostile to Roman commercial and political expansion as allies. Following the deployment of sizable Roman forces to Spain to combat Hannibal's attempted reconquest of the region, Massalia was put under siege by an immense force of Gallic warriors aligned while a Carthaginian fleet sealed the seaward approaches to the city. The assault represented a gamble on the part of the besieging forces, as success would isolate the Roman legions operating in Spain from resupply or withdrawl to Italy and open links between Carthage and Gaul, improving Carthage's ability to support it's allied tribes in their internicine conflict with Roman-allied tribes. Though eventually successful in taking the city, the multi-year siege sapped the attacking forces and provided enough time for Rome to raise new legions who would march retake Massalia from its Carthaginian garrison before pursuing the combined Gallic force. In a titanic battle upon the banks if the river Rhone, the combined army of the Gallic tribes was crushed, freeing substantial Roman forces for their assault upon Carthage itself. Historians generally account the Fall of Massalia as the event which first turned Rome's imperial gaze to its Gallic neighbor and hold the ensuing conflict responsible for decimating the military force of the Gallic tribes, thereby paving the way for eventual Roman conquest.

The War of the Veil.
 
The War of the Veil.

A war fought between the Turkic nomads and the Abbasid Caliphate. The war began when the emissaries from the Turkic Khan kidnapped the daughter of the Caliph. When the Caliph demanded her return, the Turks sent back only her veil, covered in her blood. Enraged, the Caliph mustered his forces in a punitive invasion against the Turks in 973. A lengthy series of intermittent wars followed over the next century, finally ending when the Turks were defeated in 1067 by a combined army of Arabs, Persians, and, in a rare moment of interfaith co-operation, Khazars, defeated the Turks at the Battle of the Caspian Shore.

The Birthday War
 
Tangut Conquest of Persia
As the Mongol Empire waned in the East, it seemed that the Hans were going to rise up any moment now and depose the descendants of Genghis Khan, ending the Empire's long decline in a sea of angry peasant rebels. Lots and lots of peasants. It would thus be little surprise that the many subjects of the Mongol Empire took steps to avoid as grizzly a fate as the Yuan Dynasty was expected to have.

That day would come in 1423 of the Christian calendar. In the midst of destructive wars that engulfed all of Eurasia from as far West as the Pyrenees to the vast expanse of the Gobi, the deposed Tangut Emperors would rise to reign over the lands of the old Western Xia, inheriting much of the Persian-dominated Mongol bureaucracy of the region intact. It would be for this reason that the Tanguts became the most powerful of the Mongol remnants. The Tanguts then marched Westwards, humbling the scattered, warring leagues of the Oirats; humiliating the mountain-dwelling Lamas of Tibet and launching incessant raids into the Ganges Floodplain.

A full century following the Tangut resurgance, Emperor Li Yun, Emperor Guang of all China west of Guanzhong, Khan of the Oirats and Great Minister to the Dalai Lama announced his greatest plan yet: to conquer Persia. Like the Mongols 3 centuries prior, the Tangut Emperors were to unite the Silk Road beneath the Great Xia State of the White and the Lofty.

And so, he did. Persia was snatched from the hands of the Hassanid Caliphate--they themselves descendants of Genghis Khan, and the Tangut Empire reigned supreme.

The Second War of the Camel (Also known as the Second Fitna)
 
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The Second War of the Camel (Also known as the Second Fitna)


The popular name for the second of two wars fought between the Himyarite Empire and the Kingdom of Nejd, occurring in 781. The conflicts' names are references to how they were declared. In the case of the First War of the Camel, Nejd announced their rebellion against Himyar by sending to Himyar a camel dressed as a mockery of the king. The rebellion resulted in Nejd gaining independence from the Himyarite Empire. The Second War occurred nearly fifty years later, when an argument in Ha'il over the ownership of a camel escalated into a pogrom against the city's Jewish population, which in turn spread out into a wave of anti-semitic violence, in which Himyar intervened to protect the people of its national faith. The war restored Himyarite hegemony over the Arabian peninsula and guaranteed special privileges for Jews within Nejd.

Saint Thomas' Crusade
 
Saint Thomas' Crusade

Secondary Crusade proclaimed in 1286, the 21st December, hence the name Saint Thomas, patron of the expedition against the Kipchak-Mongol Khaganate, preached by the pope Calixte III with the support of the king of Croatia (still claiming Hungary) and the king of Germany in another, eventually beggining three years later.
Its real efforts were eventually aborted by the alliance tied between Kipchak-Mongols and the Kingdoms of France, Naples and Romania, and Bohemia; forcing the Arnulf III to limit its expeditions to the reconquest of the Austermark and to a vague promise of baptism from Halulug Khan. Stefan V continued a small scale war with Kipchaks-Mongols, essentially with the support of Venice, until 1291, where no significant progress was made in claiming back Hungary.

Third Novgorod-Kathay War
 
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