Ah okay then well i hope we will see an official indo-american alliance soon
Emerald of The Equator: An Indonesian TL
- Thread starter SkylineDreamer
- Start date
11.11. Rivalry: Nicaraguan Update
Nicaragua: David of the American Goliath
Sandinista National Liberation Front Flag
(Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional)
Sandinista National Liberation Front Flag
(Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional)
The problems of America, much of it remained very troubling even until the eve of the Third World War, became one of the serious drawbacks of American expansionism of influence in their backyard. The 19th Century was a peaceful reign for the United States to rule North and South America at ease. But, by the 20th Century, much of it has been causing more and more problems. After the killings of Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and other Cuban most prominent communist activists in 1961, the fires of communism for Central America was not put out totally but only moved elsewhere. That elsewhere was a nation that had undergone a corruptible dictatorship even before WWII, which was Nicaragua.
The Somoza Dynasty ruled Nicaragua for decades, yet the regime was very foul towards its citizens, and therefore new ideologies grew among the dissatisfied public. One of them was the fledgeling communist ideology in Cuba. Raul Castro, brother of Fidel Castro, exiled to Nicaragua, only to find a massive potential for re-sparking the revolution, and it happened in 1965. The Nicaraguan Revolution happened to start in 1965, from the groups named Sandinista Revolutionary Freedom Movement, the FSLN began revolting against the Nicaraguan government. The revolution succeeded in 1969, formally reformed the government as the Republic of Nicaragua under the communist Sandinista rule. Of course, this turn of events frightened a great nation of the North, the United States of America.
Under President Nixon, the United States did not recognize Sandinista’s reign even it had just begun. It was just the region must devoid of communist influence, to maintain Pax Americana as it was. Therefore, the United States unilaterally declare war against Nicaragua, condemning them as ‘another attempt of the Soviet Union’. This time, rather than before in Cuba, the Soviet Union had its eyes on Nicaragua, and carefully proceed with the proxy war there. While the Sandinista was backed by the Soviet Union, the United States had no one to back for, and Panama was not directly linked to Nicaragua. Therefore, Honduras came into the picture.
Honduras, in 1969, was under a military dictatorship under Xavier López Castillo. Naturally, Honduras was having problems with his neighbour San Salvador. There were issues over land reform in Honduras and immigration and demographic problems in El Salvador. Honduras is more than five times the size of neighbouring El Salvador, but in 1969 the population of El Salvador was some 40% higher than that of Honduras. At the beginning of the 20th century, Salvadorans had begun moving to Honduras in large numbers due to overpopulation. By 1969 more than 300,000 Salvadorans were living in Honduras. These Salvadorans made up 20% of the present population of Honduras.
El Salvador-Honduras War expanded as part of the Great Central American War
As the Salvadorans were living in Honduras, the problem that came next was a corporation. In Honduras, as in much of Central America, a large majority of the land was owned by large landowners or big corporations. The United Fruit Company owned 10% of the land, making it hard for the average landowner to compete. The United Fruit Company, along with other companies, group together to form a large national federation that would influence the dictatorship. This federation of corporations was anti-Salvadorian to a greater extent. Because of that, they influence the government to enact a reform that definitely deported most of the Salvadorans from Honduras, which ended up giving San Salvador a humanitarian crisis.
And then, it expanded as a political crisis. San Salvador was reigned with a military dictatorship with communist allegiance, while Honduras was slightly influenced by the United States. The crisis evolved as an international crisis, as San Salvador joined forces with the Sandinista Front to attack Honduras with its American ally. The war became the Great Central America War starting from 1969. Fast forward to 1972, Honduras and the United States had almost crushing both the Sandinista and El Salvador, almost crippling both communist-friendly government. But, after 1972, Shafer was elected to the Presidency.
As becoming the President of the United States, Shafer was a moderate Republican, and radically idealist for a man. He wanted his administration not to be connected with dictatorship governments which threw away basic human rights, especially political ones. Therefore, he decided to just withdraw from Honduras, giving them the lower hand of being outnumbered by its enemies. Some say that this withdrawal was why Shafer was assassinated in the first place, giving the communist enough time to resurge again. However, trying to withdraw from Nicaragua sure had resulted in some setbacks. Firstly, Republican voters were swinging towards Conservative Nixon with a popular candidate Reagan. Those two bombarded the presidency for his 'cowardice' and 'weak' demeanour on the international stage. The midterms saw the Republicans closely allying to the Democrats, with electing Carter as the 'middle men' Speaker of the House.
During the climactic battle of Sal Salvador in 1971, the Salvadorian government achieved an astounding victory against Honduras. Since then, the war progressed as a Salvador-Nicaraguan victory, with also the Soviet Union assisting them. But, in 1975, Bob Haldeman rose as President, and announce reentering into the war, again. It ends the war into many stalemates until 1978.
When Haldeman replaced Shafer after the latter’s assassination, the was an anti-war movement growing inside American cities. Granting after much of Shafer’s moderate, and sometimes liberal approach of the government, it caused much of the Hippie counter-cultural movement from the youths to thrive so greatly. After Shafer’s untimely death, Haldeman steered the government back into a more conservative approach, therefore gaining more and more backlash. Then, the scandal happened.
Langley, DCI Headquarters
This had caused a massive disturbance of the federal government, much of it caused a national movement, especially by the youth, to order the Representatives to impeach the president. Democrats, especially the anti-war pro-socialist candidates, immediately threw fires of speeches and campaigns to the people to kick the President out of office. The Conservatives aren't happy either, they demand the full dissolution of the Democratic Party. During the trial, a slim difference of two votes from the two-thirds majority from the Representatives impeached President Haldeman, becoming the first to happen. The Senate was also looking prepared to convict the President. Not long, on November 21st 1975, less than a year after rose into the presidency, Haldeman resigned before the Senate proceeding began.
When Haldeman resigned, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives must rose into the presidency to fill in the gap. Thus, the event started the most interesting shift in US history. The Republicans being more Conservative than the Democrats has reduced most of the party’s vote evenly among the three powers. the Democrats ruled the midterms by having 38% of the seat, while Republicans and Conservatives have nearly the same 31% proportion. Nixon’s party was extremely anti-Republican, therefore most of them joined with the Democrats to vote their own member as Speaker of the House of Representatives. Jimmy Carter, a Democratic with a Conservative background, was appointed after the sudden departure of Haldeman. He was a recent candidate to compromise between the Republicans and Democrats as O'Neil stepped down for Carter. Carter was a Democrat in a highly Republican-Conservative nation. He also appeased the farmers and lower-wage workers, thus increasing popularity effectively everywhere. He was preparing a coalition, but the resignation certainly changed his plans. As the newly elected President, the series of Presidents who failed to finish their term had forced him to enact a fair share of policies between the new establishment, but he had his own Democratic agendas to pursue. He aimed for the Republicans to move towards the Democrats. As seeing the GOP has nothing that can revive them from the dead, after this horrible scandal which involved the President and the party, it was time that they must pick a side amongst the two. Carter had seen much of the right Republicans already fleeing to the Conservative Party, so the moderate wing must move. He completed his dream, as by 1976 election was coming up, the Democrats had taken over 47% of the seats, granting them the hung majority. A small remaining was sourced from Bush reluctance on leaving the party, definitely coming in splitting the Conservative voters around 18%.
With the Democrats owned the mass, they could ditch the Conservatives and considered them the new rival, which they did. As a result, the former bipartite system has become yet another, with the right party and a more centre other. The 1976 election was an insanely close election between Nixon-Reagan and Carter-Church. However, with a last attempt of the Republican ruled Bush to reclaim the national seat, they took Louisiana, which made Carter won without strong opposition. The Conservatives surely had some backlash, but eventually, the path for Carterism will remain strong.
When Carter proceeded his second term, he untimely named it as a direct peace deal for the Nicaraguans, conceiving with the anti-war demands. Carter immediately announced a withdrawal from Honduras on 23rd March 1977, therefore ending the United States’ involvement in Central American affairs. And that peace left Central America with a status quo antebellum. Nicaragua remained under Sandinistas, and El Salvador closely allied to Nicaragua.
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Basically, Nicaragua has become the first-ever to fight against the United States and 'won', becoming some sort of American Vietnam. Indeed, this was different from Vietnam, as most of the American withdrawal resulted from inside the US itself, rather than Vietnam which Viet Congs were defending greatly.
A long chapter, but this would summarize most of Central America in the 1970s. After this, I wanted to go back to Indonesia and started to build for the upcoming 1978 Indonesian Election.
As always, tell me if there's a typo, or miswriting. Also, all ideas are open as well.
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Oh okay well i guess nicaragua stay the same nonetheless,who is the governor (of panama) i might ask?
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I never thought about it until now. But maybe Aquilino Edgardo Boyd de la Guardia could be.
No, Iran's democracy was protected by Shafer's (then Haldeman, then Carter) Administration. And with the US government officially denounce every dictatorship in the world (In Shafer's times), I guess Iran stays as a constitutional monarchy.
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11.12. Rivalry: Attitude of Nasution
The Downfall of Nasution Part 2
Javacentrism and Javanization were two keys which shook the presidency originally. A bunch of racial riots and slaughter between Java and other ethnics had become normality in some parts of Indonesia, particularly Sumatra, Kalimantan, and sometimes even Sulawesi. This process advanced hatred on the second largest race in Indonesia, Melayu, and directly plan for retaliation.
Nasution is Bataknese and grew mature in rural Northern Sumatra. However, in his adulthood, he would live on Java for becoming an officer of the Army and involved with independence and aggression wars, therefore flourishing his career as when he ascended to the presidency. Now, having its third presidential term, Nasution seemed that it was just before he would suffer a humiliating defeat or one last win. Consequently, he intended to be nominated for 1978.
In his eyes, his reputation was waning, but manageable. He was the first president to triumphantly simulate a balance between the regional and federal government. While the regional government holds many of the social and cultural views, all of it must at least matched up with the federal’s requests. The requests were not so detailed also, as Nasution only sought for the regional government too recognizes federal powers, even if it was not used.
However, this Nasution-ism addressed things was not appreciated greatly by most of the DPR members, because he was not the head of the domestic government. In the second term, Premier Suharto was easily checked by Nasution. But, with Subandrio as Premier, it was not easy. In addition to it, this created a form of control that was very influential in the golden old ages of Indonesia, yet also caused most of its empires to fall. That form was feudalism. Subandrio, former foreign minister of Indonesia, had visited many countries to properly examined feudalism all across the world. While in Indonesia it became a perfect form for Sriwijaya and Majapahit’s expansion, the modern world was unable to accept that. It was accepted to become one source of dissolution of a republic, like China during the Warlord Era.
Nasution’s bossy fashion of interfering domestic matters, while he was President, was one thing that irritated most of the DPR members. The current Constitution had stated that the President and the Premier must have consultative conversations regarding foreign and domestic. But, foreign for Presidency and domestic for Premiership. If the same party ruled the President and the Premier, things would be easy. But, as it was written that the Premier must not only be appointed by the President but also a member of the largest ruling party in the majority coalition.
Suharto’s first confrontation against Nasution dated back even during their fondest of times, exactly when Suharto still became Premier. After the merging of PNI to Parindra, becoming the PNI-R has caused many factions inside the party. The Nationalist Faction, after their merging into Parindra, has either moved towards Golkar or Purple Faction. Wilopo’s diminishment after age and Nasution started some kind of ‘eating’ the PNI. In the end, there were only three factions.
The first and smallest was the NU Faction. Dated back from the agreement of Parindra that hugged the NUs during the 1950s, the marriage seemed to withstand and no significant rebellions were noticed. However, it was certain that some members already cried for NU’s lack of legacy in Parindra and later PNI-R, as they never involved in much of the matters. Nasution’s Golkar reign only acknowledged that NU would help them in religious matters.
The remaining two factions were Golkar and Purple Faction. Golkar consisted of mostly military officials that wanted to get involved in domestic matters. Being military officials, meanwhile, does not mean that they are war hawks. Most of them were anti-war militaries, pushing war as the last resort possible. It was because the Australian Aggression War had taken a huge toll on men that the military had anticipated, therefore the anxiety when decided to proceed another one.
With war as not their priorities, Golkar focused on infrastructure. Most of the officers imagined for sophisticated connectivity. They loved roads, rails and even ports and airfields. This ambitious projects would be the most prioritized things for a Golkar. Besides infrastructure, they also fond of prestigious projects, like building grand parks, huge monuments, and unique memorials. Icons were idolized so great, that one critique loathed Golkars as ‘Romans’, because of their love of statues.
In the other faction, the Purples were intellectuals. Engineers, doctors, and even teachers would rather join this faction than anywhere else. Their knowledge of Indonesian history, geography and sociology shaped much of their doctrine, which now known as ‘For Science and Supremacy’. They were responsible for many scientific projects, including biology, geography and astronomy. When they plead for Nasution to fulfil his promise of funding the space agency, they were the groups who launched the Palapa Program, a project involving telecommunications. They also researched energy, which was why the nuclear power plant is only used in Papua, as most of the uranium was found there. In other islands, solar and wind experiments were conducted, giving way on building most of the renewable power plants in Indonesia.
The second term of Nasution was a decent deal between Golkar and Purple. Both of them received their required amount and not many demands for revisions. However, the third term completely neglected the Purple Faction, preventing most of their projects, and de-fund scientific programs. That provoked the head of the Purple Faction, which was Soediratmojo.
Soediratmojo was a writer and politician. He wrote fiction novels that had Indonesia war-era background. He was not famous nationally, but gain readers on American nations. Especially when Soediratmojo attempted to translate his books in English, he was a bestseller for fiction novels at that time, contemplated mostly on war, violence, but a slight romance.
Soediratmojo reached out for Suharto because he was the weakest link on the Golkar Faction. Being much of a military ambitious person, Suharto was the one that expands the armed forces. However, being neglected mostly on the third term is the foreign minister although gave him insights of the international platform, incensed him as being silence on domestic matters. Suharto criticized Nasution’s ‘close one’s eye’ attitude towards the inadequate armed forces, especially after Madagascar’s annexation.
But, Suharto was not weak. We were quite prominent on the DPR. As being a military official himself, he found friends of the same profession. Generals like D.I. Panjaitan, Ahmad Yani, and Gatot Soebroto all endorsed him. Even the smallest majority of armed forces in PKI, like Brigadier General Untung, also had good relations with Suharto. Suharto had the connections, he just did not know if betraying Nasution was the right decision.
Soediratmojo later settled with Suharto for a possible alliance. Although it went nothing more than just good ends, Suharto assured Soediratmojo that if Nasution failed for the third term, he would possibly agree to ditch him. But, even before any of PNI-R’s conflicting factions managed to score a move, the PPP accomplished on harming PNI-R again, this time on a housing crisis.
Javacentrism and Javanization were two keys which shook the presidency originally. A bunch of racial riots and slaughter between Java and other ethnics had become normality in some parts of Indonesia, particularly Sumatra, Kalimantan, and sometimes even Sulawesi. This process advanced hatred on the second largest race in Indonesia, Melayu, and directly plan for retaliation.
Nasution is Bataknese and grew mature in rural Northern Sumatra. However, in his adulthood, he would live on Java for becoming an officer of the Army and involved with independence and aggression wars, therefore flourishing his career as when he ascended to the presidency. Now, having its third presidential term, Nasution seemed that it was just before he would suffer a humiliating defeat or one last win. Consequently, he intended to be nominated for 1978.
In his eyes, his reputation was waning, but manageable. He was the first president to triumphantly simulate a balance between the regional and federal government. While the regional government holds many of the social and cultural views, all of it must at least matched up with the federal’s requests. The requests were not so detailed also, as Nasution only sought for the regional government too recognizes federal powers, even if it was not used.
However, this Nasution-ism addressed things was not appreciated greatly by most of the DPR members, because he was not the head of the domestic government. In the second term, Premier Suharto was easily checked by Nasution. But, with Subandrio as Premier, it was not easy. In addition to it, this created a form of control that was very influential in the golden old ages of Indonesia, yet also caused most of its empires to fall. That form was feudalism. Subandrio, former foreign minister of Indonesia, had visited many countries to properly examined feudalism all across the world. While in Indonesia it became a perfect form for Sriwijaya and Majapahit’s expansion, the modern world was unable to accept that. It was accepted to become one source of dissolution of a republic, like China during the Warlord Era.
Nasution’s bossy fashion of interfering domestic matters, while he was President, was one thing that irritated most of the DPR members. The current Constitution had stated that the President and the Premier must have consultative conversations regarding foreign and domestic. But, foreign for Presidency and domestic for Premiership. If the same party ruled the President and the Premier, things would be easy. But, as it was written that the Premier must not only be appointed by the President but also a member of the largest ruling party in the majority coalition.
Suharto’s first confrontation against Nasution dated back even during their fondest of times, exactly when Suharto still became Premier. After the merging of PNI to Parindra, becoming the PNI-R has caused many factions inside the party. The Nationalist Faction, after their merging into Parindra, has either moved towards Golkar or Purple Faction. Wilopo’s diminishment after age and Nasution started some kind of ‘eating’ the PNI. In the end, there were only three factions.
The first and smallest was the NU Faction. Dated back from the agreement of Parindra that hugged the NUs during the 1950s, the marriage seemed to withstand and no significant rebellions were noticed. However, it was certain that some members already cried for NU’s lack of legacy in Parindra and later PNI-R, as they never involved in much of the matters. Nasution’s Golkar reign only acknowledged that NU would help them in religious matters.
The remaining two factions were Golkar and Purple Faction. Golkar consisted of mostly military officials that wanted to get involved in domestic matters. Being military officials, meanwhile, does not mean that they are war hawks. Most of them were anti-war militaries, pushing war as the last resort possible. It was because the Australian Aggression War had taken a huge toll on men that the military had anticipated, therefore the anxiety when decided to proceed another one.
With war as not their priorities, Golkar focused on infrastructure. Most of the officers imagined for sophisticated connectivity. They loved roads, rails and even ports and airfields. This ambitious projects would be the most prioritized things for a Golkar. Besides infrastructure, they also fond of prestigious projects, like building grand parks, huge monuments, and unique memorials. Icons were idolized so great, that one critique loathed Golkars as ‘Romans’, because of their love of statues.
In the other faction, the Purples were intellectuals. Engineers, doctors, and even teachers would rather join this faction than anywhere else. Their knowledge of Indonesian history, geography and sociology shaped much of their doctrine, which now known as ‘For Science and Supremacy’. They were responsible for many scientific projects, including biology, geography and astronomy. When they plead for Nasution to fulfil his promise of funding the space agency, they were the groups who launched the Palapa Program, a project involving telecommunications. They also researched energy, which was why the nuclear power plant is only used in Papua, as most of the uranium was found there. In other islands, solar and wind experiments were conducted, giving way on building most of the renewable power plants in Indonesia.
The second term of Nasution was a decent deal between Golkar and Purple. Both of them received their required amount and not many demands for revisions. However, the third term completely neglected the Purple Faction, preventing most of their projects, and de-fund scientific programs. That provoked the head of the Purple Faction, which was Soediratmojo.
Soediratmojo was a writer and politician. He wrote fiction novels that had Indonesia war-era background. He was not famous nationally, but gain readers on American nations. Especially when Soediratmojo attempted to translate his books in English, he was a bestseller for fiction novels at that time, contemplated mostly on war, violence, but a slight romance.
Soediratmojo reached out for Suharto because he was the weakest link on the Golkar Faction. Being much of a military ambitious person, Suharto was the one that expands the armed forces. However, being neglected mostly on the third term is the foreign minister although gave him insights of the international platform, incensed him as being silence on domestic matters. Suharto criticized Nasution’s ‘close one’s eye’ attitude towards the inadequate armed forces, especially after Madagascar’s annexation.
But, Suharto was not weak. We were quite prominent on the DPR. As being a military official himself, he found friends of the same profession. Generals like D.I. Panjaitan, Ahmad Yani, and Gatot Soebroto all endorsed him. Even the smallest majority of armed forces in PKI, like Brigadier General Untung, also had good relations with Suharto. Suharto had the connections, he just did not know if betraying Nasution was the right decision.
Soediratmojo later settled with Suharto for a possible alliance. Although it went nothing more than just good ends, Suharto assured Soediratmojo that if Nasution failed for the third term, he would possibly agree to ditch him. But, even before any of PNI-R’s conflicting factions managed to score a move, the PPP accomplished on harming PNI-R again, this time on a housing crisis.
So we can safely assume that Mosaddegh's plan to nationalize Anglo-Persian Oil Company went smoothly without Operation Ajax messing the whole plan, right? If so, I think that the whole Iranian Revolution could be butterflied away.
Okay, now I don't like the direction we are going right now. Is the Malay are going to be targeted in whole mess, or they targeting someone else? I'm a bit confused at the wording.
Oh wow so iran stay as a monarchy do they still do the iran iraq war still happened (which i think does lead to the gulf war)
unlikely to happen, one of the reasons that start Iran-Iraqi war is Iranian revolution
But then again saddam is saddam so i think maybe it is still going to happen
It was supposed to be Java vs Melayu. And yes, we would see more harsher fights between these two.
There is no Iraq atm. Iraq was incorporated as part of United Arab Socialist Republic, under Premier Nasser (pro-France views). But then, we would see a clash between UASR vs Iran.
So the war/clash still happened one point or another,who is the winner in this conflict since the iranian are us backed and what happened to saudi arabia ittl
No. Monarchism was not on that likeable stage.
Well, that's a spoiler if I told it.
Ah shame i was thinking of maybe making the brooke family like the yogyakarta monarchy and do the us keeps okinawa (i hope they do because it will be very interesting and since north korea is basically a rump state i think it would make them a bit safer)
For most of Indonesian, monarchism might not be popular. But the OTL Melayu are still generally supportive to their sultan, and I don't think it could be more different in this story as well. Unlike those on the D.E.I, the sultan's at former British Malaya and Brunei at those day are a strong patron of Malay advancement in education, literature, economy etc due to the deliberate British policy of subtly preventing the locals from participating in local economy.
In fact, the reason why the Brits preferred the sultan's to keep their title is precisely to avoid provoking the Melayu in the first place. Malayan Union is the best example of this, to the point that even much of the pro-Indonesian Melayu leftist even went up in arms along the monarchist when they find out that the Brits is essentially threatening the sultan's with dethronement for refusing to sign a paper that essentially guaranteed a vast reduction of the sultan's authority that led to the idea being scrapped.
You should keep this at your mind when you planning to write your next chapter, especially during their eventual clash with the Javanese. Bonus when you consider that the Javanese are ardent republican in both OTL and in-story