You may end with eldormancies being more identitarian than IOTL, en plus of develloping an autonomous stance earlier than IOTL (think Godwin's desmene-equivalent) : ITTL, important and powerful lords as Streona may have more importance.
Not that these ensemble didn't already had large autonomy before the Danish takeover (which didn't destroyed them) But the Anglo-Saxon proto-nationalism (in lack of a better word) targeting Scandinavian as foreign (since the Xth) helped unifying (and not merging) these various ensembles under a common political identity, until Danish rule went away that is.
That said, Danish rule did institutionalized unyfing structures directly. For instance, by formalizing earldomancies, he provided Anglo-Danes or Anglo-Saxon high nobility with a customary structures they couldn't that easily transgress at their benefit; by comparison with the "I'm the law" attitude of main continental princes, I think it tempered the autonomous evolution of Anglo-Saxon demesnes into effective principalties.
@david31 made a good argument
pointing that Godwins could benefit from the aftermath of the battle, both as a display of loyalty and opportunistic when it could come to fill the losses.
Economically and Politically, late Anglo-Saxon England knew a similar process than what happened in the continent : desintegration of the kingdom into smaller independent political entities (unified by a common kingship). Earldomancies would be a probable base for these to appear, on the ground of old AS entities (Bernicia, East-Anglia) or late AS subdivisions (Western Mercia, etc.) : probably not untempered, and you could see English kings attempting (and possibly successfully so for some time) to meddle with the process, but I don't think it would have been that successful on the long run.
It doesn't mean this
Anglo-Saxon feudality would be similar to what existed in Anglo-Norman England, of course.
While Frankish and German institutional influence would certainly there, it would be influencing a distinct local situation, for instance socially (which admittedly partially came from a troubled Xth and XIth centuries) with a lasting use of slavery (which did existed on non-mediterranean continental principalties, but virtually disappearing) and the noticable presence of semi-free tenents as bordarii or sokemen.
It's not clear how much Normans translated the situation into terms they were familiar with, bordarii/cotarii, and how much the situation was similar with what existed in North-Western France, tough.
A more important nobility, demographically speaking (closer to continental standards, between 4 to 6% instead to less than 1%), more diverse socially would count as well as an important social change for what matter medieval England. It would make it closer to what existed in France on this regard, but the survival of Anglo-Saxon nobility and conception could make the appearance of miles or their identification to their continental counterparts less of a similarity.
Wales, Strathclyde and Lothian would be immediate focuses for TTL England, but I'm not sure it would be that of royal focuses : Wales was traditionally managed by magnates and great nobles, raiding or counter-raiding it, for instance.
As for Strathclyde and Lothian, it's certain that Scots wouldn't have the same opportunity for takeover they had IOTL. But on the other hand they were hard to be taken over : the celtic high-kinship nature of their institutions made them relatively unable to pull too much weight on territorial growth, but it also allowed a fairly good resiliance.
Even more for Lothian (giving it was already firmly into Scot influence at this point) than Strathclyde, it's going to be hard to simply getting rid of Scots save some repeted major victories.
I'd more likely bet on some royal expeditions to make point about "you-won't-cross-the-incredibly-vague-border-and-not-raid-and-plunder-the-shit-of-my-northern-lands" and eventually have the far and vague acknowledgement of his royal authority by the local scottish/brythonic nobles; and more probably on important noble expeditions when it would come to actual political control.
Basically : maybe some decisive (politically and culturally) change when it comes to sphere of influence and eventual borders, but nothing world-shattering in the middle term.