Not sure if this could be decided in one battle. As I understand the Dutch forces were more or less ambushed in this battle.
Let assume the Dutch did better in the first battle of Guararapes and broke the Portuguese forces in the 2nd.
More likely the future of a Dutch Brazil could be found in a peace treaty between Portugal and the Dutch Republic. This was proposed by the Portuguese and would mean a status to to borders of 1640. This was rejected by the WIC. Let assume the WIC, virtually bankrupt at that time was passed by the State General of the Dutch Republic and a peace deal was made. This left the Brazilians without support from Portugal, giving the Dutch more time to pacify the colony.
The Dutch already had sugar plantation along the rivers Berbice and Essecuibo in now day Guyana. After a Anglo Dutch war this could be connected by a now days Suriname, whit or without exchange of New Amsterdam ( New York).
Most likely the colony would develop as an enlarged Suriname, including, a large influx of contract workers form Java and India in the 19th century and who knows German colonist in the previous centuries.
One result in a Dutch Brasil would be a smaller Jewish community in early years of New York,. The first Jews of New York came from Dutch Brasil after the Dutch lost this colony.