The title «duc d'Anjou» of Philippe (1683-1746) was only a «titre de courtoisie».
The King Louis XIV, in fact, had not created a apanage for his nephew with this title.
At their birth the French Princes received a «titre» given to them as a real "name", regardless of the creation of a real apanage. In fact, the princes and princesses of France received baptism (and therefore received a "name") only in adolescence, between 8 and 15 years.
Philippe has never owned the Anjou and has never received any income from this province.
When a prince reached adulthood, the King endowed him a "apanage" and, therefore, a "maison". The prince would have maintained himself with the proceeds and income arising from the apanage.
The younger brother of Philippe, Charles (1686-1714), received on 30 June 1710, on the occasion of his marriage, a brevet of the king allowing him to continue the use the «titre de courtoisie» of «duc de Berry», notwithstanding his newly formed apanage (the duchies of Alençon and Angoulême, and the county of Ponthieu; (letters patent of June 1710, registered 10 July 1710).
Louis Stanislas Xavier (1755-1824), brother of Louis XVI and future Louis XVIII, titled «comte de Provence» at birth. Married to Marie-Josèphine Louise de Savoie on 21 April 1771. Received the duchy of Anjou, counties of Maine, Perche, Senonches (edict of April 1771, reg. 3 May). Further received the duchy of Alençon (edict of Dec 1774, registered 7 Jan 1775). The marquisate of Brunoy, raised to a duchy-peerage (letters patent of Apr 1775, registered 5 May 1778) was a purchase of the comte de Provence and thus not an apanage. He gave the nue-propriété of that duchy to his nephew the duc de Normandie, second son of Louis XVI.
Charles-Philippe de France (1757-1836), another brother of Louis XVI and future Charles X, titled «comte d'Artois» at birth. Married on October 24, 1773 to Marie-Thérèse de Savoie, the same month, an edict formed his apanage: the duchies of Auvergne and Angoulême, the vicomté de Limoges, the duchy of Mercoeur. In March 1774, the marquisate of Pompadour and the vicomté of Turenne were added. An edict of June 1776 took out of the apanage Limoges, Pompadour, Turenne and the forest of Braconne in the duchy of Angoulême, and replaced them with the duchies of Berry and Châteauroux, the comté of Argenton, the lordship of Henrichemont and the comté of Ponthieu. By an edict of November 1778, the duchies of Auvergne and Mercoeur were taken out and replaced with the comté of Poitou. From 1778 on, the apanage consisted of: Angoulême, Berry, Châteauroux, Agenton, Henrichemont, Ponthieu, Poitou.
Under the house of Valois-Orléans-Angoulême (1515-89), «Angoulême» and later «Anjou» were the title of the third son: Charles (1522-1545), third son of François I, was made Count of Angoulême at first; Henri (1551-1589), third son of Henri II, was born count of Angoulême and later made duke of Anjou before becoming duke of Orléans, at which point the title of Anjou passed to François (1555-1584), fourth son and initially duke of Alençon. But Angoulême was given to a legitimized son of Charles IX, and under the Bourbons «Anjou» was the third son's apanage or title. Thus, Gaston (1608-1660), being third son of Henri IV was first called the duke of Anjou, and Philippe (1640-1701), while his uncle was alive, was also known as Anjou. Louis XIV had only one surviving son, but two other sons who died in infancy successively bore the title of duke of Anjou [Philippe Charles de France (1668-1671) and Louis-François de France (1672-1672)], and later the second son of the Dauphin was known as duke of Anjou until he became king of Spain as Philippe V. Louis, second son of the duke of Burgundy (eldest son of the Dauphin) was known as duke of Anjou, until he became Louis XV. In turn, his second son Philippe (1730-1733) was given the title. Louis, brother of Louis XVI (later Louis XVIII), was given the duchy of Anjou as apanage, although he retained the title of comte de Provence.
The arms of Anjou are France, a bordure gules.
The the elder branch of the family, the Bourbons of Spain,, which took the title of «duc d'Anjou» because had kept the arms of the duchy of Anjou on the Spanish Royal Arms: the blazoning of the coat of arms of the King of Spainis «Écartelé, au 1 de Castille ; au 2 de Léon ; au 3 d'Aragon ; au 4 de Navarre ; enté en pointe de Grenade ; sur-le-tout de Bourbon-Anjou».
The first was Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Castellví (1853-1942), son of the controversial Infante Enrique (1823–1870) , Duke of Seville [grandson of Charles IV of Spain and younger brother of Francis, Duke of Cádiz King consort of Isabella II of Spain] and Elena María de Castellví y Shelly (1821–1863). His parents' marriage was not approved by Queen Isabella II, so they were married in secret in Rome.
After the death without descendants of Count de Chambord in 1883, Prince Francis proclaimed heir to the throne of France and claims for him legitimist succession in 1894.
In doing so he incurred the wrath of the Spanish court, which recognizes only Orleans as possible successors of the kings of France.
In 1897, he brought to the 'Tribunal de la Seine' a lawsuit against the Orleans family to prohibit its members wearing the full arms of France. Don Francisco de Paula did not get win, and his claims caused numerous headaches for the Queen regent Maria Christina, which resulted in two months of imprisonment for him in Santoña in 1898.
The title of «duc d'Anjou» is then brought since 1919 by the Spanish branch of the Bourbons, became senior branch of the Capetian house and therefore legitimist heir of the crown of France, with Jaime de Borbón y de Borbón-Parma (1870-1931), also Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain. After World War II, he took the title of «duc d’Anjou» as the eldest of the descendants of King Philip V of Spain. The title «d’attente» will subsequently taken by most legitimist contenders until today [Annuaire Didot-Bottin, Bottin Mondain].
