As we all know, Elizabeth I of England died of smallpox in October 1562, barely four years after acceding to the English throne. In the aftermath of her death, England was torn apart by civil war, the same as had happened a century earlier, with the War of the Roses. And we know what happened after that...So what course would England have taken had she lived? Would it have remained an independent power? And would it have become a major force in the New World?