DBWI: the United States selected the "Pressurized Water Reactor" for the "Nuclear Navy".

Rather than the Lead Cooled Fast Reactor?

What effects would this have had on the Cold War?
Or on the development of Nuclear Power worldwide?

Some background here, there was funding sufficient for the development of two reactor types. A key requirement was sufficient power density for use on board a submarine. This meant only a "PWR" or either a Lead Cooled or Sodium Cooled liquid metal fast reactor were options. When the options were narrowed down to the PWR & one of the liquid metal fast reactor designs the Lead Cooled design won out due to concerns about the potential for Water-Sodium fires (ooc: our p.o.d).

The U.S.S Nautilus (SSN-571) employed the PWR & suffered a hair-raising incident during trials due to a stuck valve. By contrast the U.S.S Seawolf (SSN-575) employed the Lead Cooled design & was found to have acceptable performance.
 
The US ends up with a fleet of nuclear powered ships and subs. The primaries require almost no maintenance. They focus on other technologies to have quieter or no reactor coolant pumps. The people who operate and maintain them are happy as crap that they don’t have to worry about liquid metal coolant.
 
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