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As far as we all know, Mongolians under Great Khan Ogedei planned a great invasion of Poland and Hungary in 1240, but Great Khan died just before the plan was launched. What if he died a year later, when campaign would be already launched? Polish and Hungarian troops were not that good that time, so it seems that Mongols would crush them without a problem. Henry I of Poland (Henry the Pious) would be most likely killed, so Conrad of Mazovia would take Polish throne and murder his nephew, Bolesław. I think that Bela IV would also end up killed, but Mongols wouldn't have enough time to subjugate Hungary, they'd just pillage the shit out of it. Cumans would most likely flee to Hungary, opening their former lands near Danube to settlement of some new people (a sizable part of this land could be taken by Slavs - Ruthenians colonizing from the north or even Polish, but the rest would be empty). It'd be interesting if Romance-speaking so-called "Travellers" or "Wlachs" from Balkan peninsula gathered there (these lands were Roman for a while) and formed a Romance-speaking EE-country, perhaps named "Vallachia"? Also how Conrad taking Polish throne would affect the develompent of Poland? I imagine that sons of Henry the Pious wouldn't be prone to recognize Conrad as their overlord and they'd most likely defect to their Bohemian uncle. Poland would lose Silesia as a result. On the other hand, Conrad and his succesors were campaining against the Balts quite often alongside with TO, which resulted in Mazovian conquest of Jotvingia and they were close to capture of Vilnius, capital of Lithuania. Traidenis was forced to marry his daughter to grandson of Conrad and promise the couple the succesion in Lithuania. He didn't fullfill the promises. I wonder (but it can be borderline ASB) if the Vilnius was captured (because Mazovians have a majority of Poland under their yoke) if something called Polish-Lithuanian union could exist and how would Polish develop, influenced foremost by Ruthenian and now extinct Lithuanian not by German? @Jan Olbracht
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