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Crisis in the Kremlin: An Alternative Cold War Timeline

By Konrad Karl Sartorius

Chapter 1


November 9, 1989

Border Crossing, East Berlin, DDR


“You cannot remain slaves forever.”


-Willy Brandt



As Erich Ludendorff looked out at the scene before him, he was dizzied by what he was witnessing. Thousands of citizens of the DDR were doing something that he had once thought unimaginable. They were climbing atop the Berlin Wall. Perhaps more shockingly, Erich and his fellow border guards weren’t doing anything to stop them. Not that he minded. Erich had always feared the day would come when he would be ordered to fire upon a “deserter of the Republic.” He always prayed that day would never come, and as he looked out at the sight before him he felt that he would never have to worry about that nightmare ever again.

How wrong he was.

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Later that night

Office of the Head of the KGB, Lubyanka Building, Moscow, USSR


Vladimir Kryuchkov sat in his office fuming. The reports he had received coming out of Berlin were true. The Soviet Union’s ally in Berlin had made the foolish move of opening their border to unlimited emigration, and now the fears of decades of Warsaw Pact leaders were coming true. A flood of humanity was crossing over to the west.

“The damned fools,” he thought to himself. Decades spent constructing Socialism were now being erased over the course of months, if not weeks. Looking out his window towards the looming fortress of the Kremlin, Kryuchkov wondered aloud, “What are you doing, Gorbachev?”

Everyday, the world seemed to be changing. Everyday, the Forces of Socialism were being undercut and deposed from within by “People Power” revolutions. Everyday, the forces of the West moved closer to being on the doorstep of the Rodina. Everyday, a Second Barbarossa at the hands of the American Cowboys became more possible. “And,” thought Kryuchkov “if the fools who have infested the Kremlin won’t take the steps necessary to defend our nation, and our allies, then perhaps someone else needs to inhabit the Kremlin.”

With that thought in mind, the KGB Chief sat down at his desk and began to formulate a plan to turn back the clock and halt the so-called “winds of change.”

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November 18, 2002

Atlanta, Georgia, USA


CNN Anchor: It was just over a decade ago when the infamous events of “Black November” broke out across Eastern Europe. Fearing that the momentous changes occurring in the Warsaw Pact, would lead to a global collapse of Communism, a group of generals and high-ranking Communist party members seized power in a coup. Moving to roll back the clock, they unleashed a crackdown across the Communist Bloc. The face of this “Evil Empire” in the West was Alexander Ivanov*, a then little known Soviet diplomat who replaced the pro-reform Shevardnadze. Since his half a decade stint as the Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, he has lived a life of seclusion, not granting a single interview to western media. However, for the first time in nearly a decade, CNN was able to obtain an exclusive interview. Here’s a sneak peak:


*Flashes to interview*


Seated across from the CNN Journalist is Alexander Ivanov, a short, pudgy, wheelchair bound Russian man, 70 years of age. Hidden behind a pair of wire rimmed shades are a pair of beady blue eyes. His left arm lays limp at his side, his disabilities due to what he claims is the consequence an injury he suffered as a Red Army soldier in the 1956 Hungarian Uprising.


CNN Interviewer: ...As the Berlin Wall was opening up on November 9th, 1989, many people thought that this meant the end of the Cold War. However, as you know, sir, that didn’t happen. General Secretary Gorbachev was deposed by a hard-line coup, which proceeded to launch a bloody crackdown across Eastern Europe. Why did you, Mr. Ivanov, support the violent removal of Gorbachev?


Ivanov: Before I answer that, allow me to establish some facts. I, for one, don’t appreciate propaganda and deception-


CNN Interviewer: What I have told you are simple facts, sir


IVanov: Excuse me! Last time I checked I’m the one who was asked the question! Therefore, I will answer it! Furthermore, we aren’t entitled to our own sets of facts, eh?! If you are merely going to recite the script you “journalists” have been given, then there is no point in me giving this interview. Ok?


CNN Interviewer: (clearly annoyed) Please continue.


Ivanov: To answer your question, Comrade Gorbachev wasn’t overthrown. I, as a member of the Soviet government, couldn’t fathom committing such a treason against him. Over the course of late 1989, his mental faculties were failing due to the stress of managing the momentous changes that were going on in our country and around the world. He realized what was happening to him so he retired, and voluntarily ceded power to a committee of Soviet leaders who would manage the country during these momentous times.


Now to answer your second question. The Soviet government acted with incredible restraint in dealing with the crises in our country and our Socialist Brother nations.


CNN Interviewer: There are a couple hundred million people in Eastern Europe who can testify to the contra-


Ivanov: Don’t interrupt me! Were there excesses committed? Yes! Would I have handled the situation slightly differently? Absolutely! But that doesn’t change the fact that our nation was falling apart. In the 1800s, when your southern citizens attempted to secede, did Pres. Lincoln sit back and let the Union get dissolved?


CNN Interviewer: No, but that’s different.


Ivanov: How? A members of your nation was trying to illegally destroy your government, and so you crushed them violently. What we did was no different! It is only natural to try to preserve one’s country against violent reactionaries trying to usurp power. Furthermore, all across Socialist Europe, violence was breaking out and our Socialist brothers were crying out for protection from fascist mobs. You may not like the methods employed, but when a fire breaks out in your neighbor's house, you help him put it out, lest it consume you too!


CNN Interviewer: As of when Gorbachev was deposed, not a single person had been killed in Eastern Europe due to the political upheavals of 1989. How can you argue that there was mass bloodshed, when not a single fatality had been recorded?


Ivanov: There you go again! The Soviet Union and her ally in the German Democratic Republic have proven, repeatedly, that there were violent shootings at their border guards on the Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart in Berlin.


CNN Interviewer: You mean the Berlin Wall which was built to keep people in East Germany against their will.


Ivanov: So when America thinks about building a wall on it’s border, it’s okay, because it’s designed to protect “national security” and to keep people “out.” But when the German Democratic Republic builds a defensive wall on it’s border, it’s a tragedy and some form of human rights abuse? I love the hypocrisy that exists in America. It’s truly unique.


*Flashes back to CNN Newsroom*


CNN Anchor: You can catch more of that exclusive interview with Alexander Ivanov tonight at 9 PM EST.

Now on to our other news stories. Scientists in Scotland have found in a new report that sheep’s bowel movements are an indicator of …

*Ivanov is a fictitious stand-in for a wide variety of Soviet hardliners.
 
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Tovarich

Banned
I'm liking it, but I'm only going to vote like if you come up with the goods and don't leave us in suspense about the sheep shit.
 
Chapter 2- A Conspiracy Emerges


November 20, 1989

Wenceslas Square, Prague, Czechoslovakia


“Indifference and resignation, I believe are the most serious forms of human decline into nothingness.”


-Vaclav Havel, Letters to Olga



Oblivious to the machinations going on in the dark corridors of power in Moscow, Vaclav Havel, the dissident playwright, stared out to the crowd gathering in the centre of Prague. Hundreds of thousands of Czechoslovakians had gathered to demonstrate, emboldened by the successes of pro-democracy campaigners in E. Germany, Poland, and Hungary. Demanding the end of the Communist one-party state, the protesters were pushing Czechoslovakia to undergo a seismic shift in that nation's politics. Looking up to heaven, Havel thanked God for giving the Czechoslovak people the courage to confront evil. The “Power of the Powerless” would soon be tested.

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November 20, 1989

Lubyanka, Moscow, USSR


“I don’t see why we should hold off any longer,” Dmitry Yazov, the Soviet Minister of Defense asked. “We have all of our men in position, Ligachev has agreed to head our emergency government, and every day we delay brings even more chaos in E. Europe. I say we act now while we still have a country.”

Kryuchkov pondered what he had just been told. It was true that they were capable of launching a coup. Something just didn’t feel right. It seemed too easy to pull off, the business of pulling off a coup. Breaking his silence, Kryuchkov said, “Okay. We’ll move tonight. I’ll have the Spetsnaz Alpha Group move against the Kremlin, the White House, and other key locations. You will order your troops to take up their positions across the country. Tomorrow morning, Ligachev, you, and me will address the nation and announce the establishment of a “State Committee on the State of the Emergency,” and claim Gorbachev is ill and has ceded power to us.”

“What will we do with Gorbachev and his lot?” Inquired Yazov.

“We’ll take them prisoner of course and interrogate them in order to locate other potential resistors to our actions. Their ultimate fate will be decided at a later date. I’ve drawn up a list of reformist Politburo Officials and who I’ve deemed trustworthy enough to replace them,” Kryuchkov added as he slide a list across his desk to his fellow putschist.

Looking over the list, Dmitry Yazov was familiar with most of the names, except for the selection for Foreign Minister. Inquiring as to who he was, Yazov asked, “I’m not familiar with this Alexander Ivanov.”

“He’s a close friend of mine in the Foreign Ministry. Normally I wouldn’t resort to this form of nepotism, but I couldn’t find a suitable high-ranking replacement to Shevardnadze in the Foreign Ministry that I could trust to be loyal. He’s a conservative and can fill that role until we can find someone else to fill that role long term.”

“Fair enough,” replied Yazov, satisfied. “I make the preparations in my department. Good-day.” Kryuchkov leaned back in his chair, nervous for the fateful hours that lay ahead.

“So this is what making history is like,” he thought to himself.

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Yazov, Soviet Minister of Defense


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Kryuchkov, Head of the KGB
 
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Hmmmm. If you ask me, 1989 is too late to save the empire in Eastern Europe, or even Communism within the USSR, though it probably was possible to turn the USSR itself into a military/KGB dictatorship - call it Stalinism without the Communism.

The problem is, Gorbachev had basically destroyed the pillars of the Party's power within the USSR already (I'd put the decisive date in 1987). And in Eastern Europe, the changes were coming so thick and fast, my feeling is that it would take colossal violence to beat them back. So much violence, that the regime would discredit itself. The Soviet Union couldn't afford to occupy hostile states - for Eastern Europe to be close to worthwhile, the Soviets needed native systems with a shred of legitimacy and some appearance of permanence.

Also, I question whether the Soviets had sufficient military force to effectively occupy all of Eastern Europe - they need to hold some reserve in case NATO attacks them during their crack down, they have ongoing commitments in Afghanistan and earlier in the '80s, the regime had been unsure that they could even invade and crack down on Poland... (In the end, they left it to the Poles themselves, who could oppress their own people with more legitimacy than the Soviets could.)

Ligachev has agreed to head our emergency government

Ligachev was both too idealistic and too indecisive from what I read - mostly going from Stephen Kotkin's Armageddon Averted here (Kotkin is really scathing about Ligachev - I think actually a bit unfairly, but I do agree that Ligachev is not even the shadow of the sort of man who could have fronted a coup, political or military). Also, Ligachev had already been demoted from the inner circle in 1988 - to Secretary of Agriculture, which was not a prestigious position. Also, even more damning from the point of view of any coup plotters - Ligachev had been Gorbachev's arm-twister in-chief up until the previous year and had been a supporter of most of the reforms the hardliners objected to. As such, I think it is implausible for him to align himself the the coup plotters and implausible for the coup plotters to seek him for their side.

I think you have the interview with Ivanov spot on it sounds like exactly the way the regime would justify itself had it been successful.

And is the title a reference to the old computer game?

fasquardon
 
I think you have the interview with Ivanov spot on it sounds like exactly the way the regime would justify itself had it been successful.

And is the title a reference to the old computer game?

fasquardon

1.) Yah... Let's just say that I watched and listened to hour of speeches by Communist strongmen from the Warsaw Pact. I wanted to get their verbage correct in order to give the TL an authentic feel when the Commies talk.

Let's just say I had some explaining to do when my ultra-Conservative grandfather used the computer and found that I had a dozen tabs open to speeches + publications by the likes of Honecker, Pradva, etc. ;)

2.) Yes the title is a reference to the 1991 game. God I love it. I only discovered it two years ago.

Here's a link if you want to play it online:

http://playdosgamesonline.com/crisis-in-the-kremlin.html

^Enjoy!
 
Let's just say I had some explaining to do when my ultra-Conservative grandfather used the computer and found that I had a dozen tabs open to speeches + publications by the likes of Honecker, Pradva, etc. ;)

Hah! What did you tell him?

2.) Yes the title is a reference to the 1991 game. God I love it. I only discovered it two years ago.

Here's a link if you want to play it online:

http://playdosgamesonline.com/crisis-in-the-kremlin.html

I already have the game! It is one of my all-time favorites. It is actually stunningly accurate for something made so soon after the SU's fall.

Are you able to keep the Soviet Union together until the end of the game?

fasquardon
 
Hah! What did you tell him?



I already have the game! It is one of my all-time favorites. It is actually stunningly accurate for something made so soon after the SU's fall.

Are you able to keep the Soviet Union together until the end of the game?

fasquardon

1.) I explained everything and fortunately he understood! He joking said that he feared that "I'd gone Red on him!"

2.) I made it to April 1998 as the Reformists. I had completely transitioned to a mixed market economy and full fledged democratic state with positive relations the West.

The Soviet GDP was at 6 trillion and growing at 10% per year (in 1998 the US was at 10 trillion.) I had abandoned (intentionally) Eastern Europe and had lost the Baltic states, Moldova, Ukraine, and the Causasian states. I was set to lead the USSR into the 3rd millennium revitalized before the game glitched out :mad:.
 
2.) I made it to April 1998 as the Reformists. I had completely transitioned to a mixed market economy and full fledged democratic state with positive relations the West.

The Soviet GDP was at 6 trillion and growing at 10% per year (in 1998 the US was at 10 trillion.) I had abandoned (intentionally) Eastern Europe and had lost the Baltic states, Moldova, Ukraine, and the Causasian states. I was set to lead the USSR into the 3rd millennium revitalized before the game glitched out :mad:.

That's actually the best I've ever heard of someone else doing!

Though my experience in the game is that once the 90s are past, the hardest part of the game comes, since once the initial burst of economic gain from free market reforms are past, cost inflation quickly outstrips productivity gains and the economy can end up stagnating or sliding into depression, at which point the whole political situation slides off the edge of a cliff...

So it is definitely worth playing to the end (and choosing different political options and funding different things has interesting effects, so the replayability value is very good).

I've played it enough now that I can usually keep the whole Union together, as well as keep most of the Soviet Block on side (though East Germany and Mongolia always slip away, whatever I've tried). At the moment, I've been playing around with methods to maximize population growth in the game (my goal was to hit a population of 500 million by 2017, but I am pretty sure that is impossible now).

fasquardon
 
That's actually the best I've ever heard of someone else doing!

Though my experience in the game is that once the 90s are past, the hardest part of the game comes, since once the initial burst of economic gain from free market reforms are past, cost inflation quickly outstrips productivity gains and the economy can end up stagnating or sliding into depression, at which point the whole political situation slides off the edge of a cliff...

So it is definitely worth playing to the end (and choosing different political options and funding different things has interesting effects, so the replayability value is very good).

I've played it enough now that I can usually keep the whole Union together, as well as keep most of the Soviet Block on side (though East Germany and Mongolia always slip away, whatever I've tried). At the moment, I've been playing around with methods to maximize population growth in the game (my goal was to hit a population of 500 million by 2017, but I am pretty sure that is impossible now).

fasquardon

I always try to have the Eastern Bloc fall in 1988-1989 as that will provoke a hard-liner coup attempt that will probably fail. Thus you can purge the government of anti-reformists and then procede to swiftly reform the country in the following years and cut back on military expenditures.

I also increase funding for the SSRs in the budget in order to postpone successionist tendecies.
 
Chapter 3- The Coup


Evening of November 20

Office of the General Secretary of the CPSU, Kremlin, Moscow, USSR


Gorbachev sat in his office mulling over the events going on in Eastern Europe. Since he had come to power, he had dreamed of a communist renewal in E. Europe, with reformists reinvigorating their societies and parties just as he had tried to do. However, the obstinate fools had refused to hear his warning about those don’t tap into the people and reform. Now their governments were falling all across the continent. However, if that is the will of the people, then Gorbachev was okay with it. It wasn’t the duty or the obligation of the Soviet people to be the nanny of the Warsaw Pact. He only wished that those in his government felt the same way. Since, the opening of the Inter-German border, Kryuchkov had gotten more hawkish, going so far as saying that military force be employed to “restore order.” People like him, who refused to learn the humbling and bloody lesson of Afghanistan, had no place in the new Soviet Union he was building.

Suddenly, the door to his office swung open as a group of armed men marched into his office. “Mr. Gorbachev, you are under arrest for treason against the Soviet people and for facilitating the enemies of the party.”

“Who do you think you are!” The General Secretary screamed.

“Grab him and take him away!” The leader of the group ordered, as two armed men moved towards their prisoner.

“Rot in hell!” Screamed the now deposed leader of the Rodia, cussing his captors out as they dragged him out to the courtyard of Kremlin.

Gorbachev.jpg

^
(Above) General Secretary Gorbachev (1931-?.) The reformist leader was deposed on November 21, 1989 by anti-reformists elements of the Soviet government. During his brief four year rule, he attempted to reform the Soviet Union and to end the Cold War. The ultimate fate of the reformist leader remains unknown to this day


Meanwhile at Boris Yeltsin’s Residence, Moscow, USSR


Boris Yeltsin looked through his blinds at the tanks and armoured personnel carriers on the street below. “We’re surrounded,” his thought to himself, fearing for the safety of himself and his family.

“What’s going to happen to us?” Asked Boris’ wife, Naina.

“I don’t know,” replied Boris. “But whatever happens, I want to thank you for being such a wonderful wife and companion all the-”

Boris was interrupted by a knock on the door. Looking straight into wife’s eye’s, he said, “Whatever happens to us, never give up or give in. And no matter what, we’ll meet again someday. Ok?” Tearing up, he moved towards the door, answering the “Knock in the Middle of the Night” that all Soviet citizens feared.

Opening up the door, Yeltsin found himself confronted by half a dozen Spetsnaz men. The leader of the group broke the silence, “Boris Yeltsin, you are under arrest…”

As Boris Yeltsin listened as the charges were read against him, he could hear the sobbing of his wife behind him. Enraged at the prospect of him or worse yet, his wife being humiliated by these KGB men, he flew into a rage and lunged at the nearest of the men sent to arrest him.

Wrestling a gun away from him, Boris turned to shoot all of the men sent to take him away. But before he could got his first shot off, another of the guards opened fire, hitting Yeltsin right in the chest. As he fell to the ground and breathed his dying breaths, he asked God to protect and look after his wife. With that last thought, Boris Yeltsin left this world on November 20, 1989.

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^
Picture of Boris Yeltsin (1931-1989) shortly before the November 21 Coup. He was killed by members of the Soviet Spetsnaz under mysterious circumstances.


Morning of November 21, 1989

Downtown Moscow, USSR


Tanks roll through the streets of Moscow, sending a show of force to the Soviet citizenry. Throughout the city there are spontaneous protests and acts of resistance, with several citizens trying to imitate the “Tank Man.” However, their courage is no match for the threads of a tank. Blood has already been spilt by Soviet authorities in Moscow and other cities, as dissidents are rounded up and disappeared, and protests are broken up with truncheons and batons, and in some cases live ammunition.

Parked in front of the Russian White House are several tanks, their drivers informing any legislators that they aren’t permitted to operate during the “State of Emergency.” Despite attempts to form rallies outside the building, the soldiers sent to keep the area clear of “disturbances” are unmoved by the pleas of the opposition, which is missing it’s charismatic leader, Yeltsin.

Rumours swirl about the fate of Gorbachev and Yeltsin, with some claiming that they are deceased, imprisoned, or even at large.

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^
Soviet tanks parked in Red Square during the November Coup.



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^
Soviet police patrol the streets of Leningrad

7:00 Moscow Time, November 21, 1989

A Soviet Apartment in Leningrad, USSR


Andrei has been confused all morning. His mother had informed him that he didn’t have to go to school, despite it being a Tuesday. She had been on the phone all day attempting to contact friends and find out what was going on. All she got was a dial tone, the phones have been cut off.

“Mother, you’ve been talking all day about a coup. What a coup?” Asked Andrei, innocent to the crisis wracking his country.

“Nothing you need to be worried about,” replied his mother, dismissing his question.

Suddenly the TV, which had been playing patriotic war tunes and ballet music for all morning changed scenes. A groups of old men were sitting at a table. They started speaking about how Gorbachev was ill, and how they were taking forming “committee for the state of emergency” and used other big words, that Andrei didn’t understand.

Getting bored, he went to his room to play with his toy soldiers, always making sure that Soviets won, with his daddy, a Soviet Lieutenant, always being a hero. He had never met daddy, but only had seen photographs of him in his uniform. Mother had always said that he would come home someday when Andrei was older after he got done helping the people of Afghanistan be safe from the bad guys. If that was the case, Andrei wondered, why did mother cry a lot when she looked at his pictures and letters?

What few others thought at the time, was how many more weeping Soviet wives and mothers would there be in the years to come?

Ligachev.jpg

^
Ligachev addressing the Soviet people on November 21, 1989. He was elevated to the position of leader of the Soviet Union by members of the hard-line coup that toppled Gorbachev. Formerly one of Gorbachev's political allies, Ligachev fell out with the reformist leader as he eased the reigns of control on Moscow's satellite states in Eastern Europe.

Midnight EST, November 21, 1989

Situation Room, White House, Washington D.C., USA


Pres. Bush sat down at his seat in the Situation Room. He had been informed of “something” important happening before being rushed to the underground Situation Room.

“This better be a surprise party or something pretty damn important to warrant waking me up in the middle of the night,” the President joked to his staff. Eliciting no laughter from his partners, Bush realized that something was up.

James Baker, his Secretary of State, leaned in and said, “Mr. President, it would appear that a coup has occurred in Moscow. Hard-liners, Ligachev, Kryuchkov (the KGB Head), and Yazov (Minister of Defense) have formed some sort of Triumvirate and have imposed martial law across the nation. Information is scant, but from what we can gather, it would appear that the coup has successfully seized power.”

Mr. Bush felt as if a heavy weight suddenly fell upon him. “What are our options,” he asked.

Situation-Room-Empty2.jpg


8:00 GMT, November 21, 1989

Outside 10 Downing Street, London, UK


Margaret Thatcher walked up to the podium set up outside her home. Journalists had been camped out ever since word had come out of Moscow of an anti-Gorbachev coup.

“Before I answer your questions, allow me to make a statement,” the Iron Lady began, cameras clicking rapidly. “Her Majesty’s Government has been informed of the situation unfolding in the Soviet Union. First and foremost we would like to express our concern at the use of lethal force in Moscow and other Soviet cities,” Clearing her throat, the Prime Minister continued, “ I have been in communication with Britain’s partner’s in Bonn, Paris, and Washington, and we are united in our resolve to demand the restoration of Gorbachev’s government and respecting of the rights of Soviet citizens. Furthermore, our relationships with the Soviet Union, regardless of the outcome of the events in Moscow are contingent upon the respect of the wishes of the people of Eastern Europe. The world cannot afford a return to ‘business as usual.’” This statement was ill received in Moscow.

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^
Margaret Thatcher fields questions from journalists in the wake of the November Coup in the Soviet Union.
 
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How lovely. I really do in the end , by the 2000s, Russia is totally ruin by this mess. It deserve it for carry on with such a ruin system.
 
This timeline in very interesting, I'm have always wondered why the soviet hardliners didn't succed in overthrowing Gorbachev, seeing as they could, have got the support of the majority of the military.
I wonder what the Continuation of communism will have on the EU and Eastern Europe since they would be on the front line of the cold war for longer. Will the chances of nuclear war exist up until the present day? Because if so Europe may be completely federalisedmby the modern day.
 
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