Could the Communists save the Weimar Republic?

Perhaps but it would have been less racialised, perhaps more based on religion.

Unlikely, religious anti-Semitism was a Catholic Centre party thing, the DNVP and the German right went in for racial anti-Semitism. That said a more Salazarist junta that got a Concordat might go for religious anti-Semitism. Problem is that sort of junta isn't likely to come out of the Prussian Junker dominated Reichswehr.
 
In 1925, maybe, if the KPD supported Marx, but I doubt that that would have worked.

Either way, the communists were too weak to save the Republic; they could have done more not to help in its destruction, but let us not forget that the vast majority of the Republic's enemies stood on the Right. They destroyed Weimar. Blaming it on the commies is a lame detraction.

Bruening's austerity policies were usual for the time, but very harmful for the economy. Keynesianism was not yet a thing; some of its ideas were already being thrown around, but its coherent adoption in other countries only came when the Nazis were already in power in Germany.

Okay lets say with communist support the SPD wins the presidential election of 1925.
Could this government handle the great Depression better than IOTL?
 
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Okay lets say with communist support the SPD wins the presidential election of 1925.
Could this fovernment handle the great Depression better than IOTL?
The Reichspräsident did not lead the government himself; that was the job of the Reichskanzler.

But, say, we had a social democrat like Hermann Müller as president instead of chancellor: he would certainly not have backed a deflationist austerity cabinet like Bruning's, or at least not after alternatives became evident in 1931. A socialist government would have struggled to grasp what was wrong with capitalism back then. Nationalizations may not have made matters easier in the Great Depression. Those best equipped to tackle the crisis were left liberals who knew about Keynes and his ideas. Good luck with a government including THEM AND the communists...
 
The Reichspräsident did not lead the government himself; that was the job of the Reichskanzler

De jure the Reichskanzler lead the government but de facto the Reichspresident was able to use special powers to appoint a government without a majority in the Reichstag.
 
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De jure the Reichskanzler lead the Government but de facto the Reichspresident was able to use special powers to appoint a government without a majority in the Reichstag.
Yes, until the Reichstag came together again and annulled them, after which the President could dissolve the Reichstag and call for new elections.
Running a government on "Notverordnungen" implies, therefore, at least tacit agreement by sufficiently large groups in the Reichstag as to not provoke a vote of no confidence for the chancellor and an annullation of the Notverordnungen. Brüning's presidential cabinets from 1930 through 1932 only worked, therefore, because the old "Great Coalition" (DVP through SPD), while no longer actively involved in the government, at least passively tolerated Brüning. When they stopped doing that, presidential cabinets (like von Papen's and SChleicher's) were no longer working for more than a few months, and even that only at the cost of frequent re-elections.
 
As soon as the communists would have joined the government in support, the bourgeois parties would have moved out.
This would basically hold true at least until the late 1930s, assuming Weimar manages to muddle though without communist support, when public economic opinion worldwide had swung.
This leaves the communists with only two choices to help prevent the Nazis:
either they lead a successful left-wing revolution and erect a soviet republic (most likely in 1918-20)
or their support is merely passive (like in not voting to bring the government down, or not voting to annul Notverordnungen) until an agenda more favourable to them becomes possible.

Even then, though, the Weimar Republic's space for fiscal policy maneuvres was severely limited, so this is all a tight rope walk.
 
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