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Assuming the Muslims still emerge, unify Arabia, and conquer Mesopotamia and the Levant, could the Persians have regrouped and held them at the Zagros, and could the Byzantines have held them on two fronts, Anatolia and Suez, thus retaining Egypt and Africa on a long term basis?

This may or may not be workable but I think its a more workable stopping point than the land gained under the Rashidun Caliphs before the Ummayads, which extended from Libya through to Iran.
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