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To my knowledge, there are a few places in the world which exhibited a "dynastic cycle" of sorts, where you had periods of union under an empire punctuated by periods of balkanization or rump states. To wit, you have China under its various dynasties, as well as the various dynasties that ruled over the Iranian plateau. One could make an argument for the Indian subcontinent as well, though its periods of unification were less frequent than the other two (not to mention the whole British India thing).

So, is it possible for a similar situation to arise elsewhere in the world?
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